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人教A版高中數學必修一任意角教學設計（1）
本節(jié)課選自《普通高中課程標準數學教科書-必修一》（人 教A版）第五章《三角函數》，本節(jié)課是第1課時，本節(jié)主要介紹推廣角的概念,引入正角、負角、零角的定義，象限角的概念以及終邊相同的角的表示法。樹立運動變化的觀點,并由此進一步理解推廣后的角的概念。教學方法可以選用討論法,通過實際問題，如時針與分針、體操等等都能形成角的流念,給學生以直觀的印象,形成正角、負角、零角的概念,明確規(guī)定角的概念，通過具體問題讓學生從不同角度理解終邊相同的角,從特殊到一般歸納出終邊相同的角的表示方法。A.了解任意角的概念；B.掌握正角、負角、零角及象限角的定義，理解任意角的概念；C.掌握終邊相同的角的表示方法；D.會判斷角所在的象限。 1.數學抽象：角的概念；2.邏輯推理：象限角的表示；3.數學運算：判斷角所在象限；4.直觀想象：從特殊到一般的數學思想方法；
人教A版高中數學必修一任意角教學設計（2）
學生在初中學習了 ～ ，但是現實生活中隨處可見超出 ～ 范圍的角.例如體操中有“前空翻轉體 ”，且主動輪和被動輪的旋轉方向不一致.因此為了準確描述這些現象，本節(jié)課主要就旋轉度數和旋轉方向對角的概念進行推廣.課程目標1.了解任意角的概念.2.理解象限角的概念及終邊相同的角的含義．3.掌握判斷象限角及表示終邊相同的角的方法．數學學科素養(yǎng)1.數學抽象：理解任意角的概念，能區(qū)分各類角；2.邏輯推理：求區(qū)域角；3.數學運算：會判斷象限角及終邊相同的角.重點：理解象限角的概念及終邊相同的角的含義；難點：掌握判斷象限角及表示終邊相同的角的方法．教學方法：以學生為主體，采用誘思探究式教學，精講多練。教學工具：多媒體。一、 情景導入初中對角的定義是：射線OA繞端點O按逆時針方向旋轉一周回到起始位置，在這個過程中可以得到 ～ 范圍內的角.但是現實生活中隨處可見超出 ～ 范圍的角.例如體操中有“前空翻轉體 ”，且主動輪和被動輪的旋轉方向不一致.
人教A版高中數學必修一函數的表示法教學設計（1）
本節(jié)課選自《普通高中課程標準數學教科書-必修一》（人教A版）第三章《函數的概念與性質》，本節(jié)課是第2課時，本節(jié)課主要學習函數的三種表示方法及其簡單應用，進一步加深對函數概念的理解。課本從引進函數概念開始就比較注重函數的不同表示方法：解析法，圖象法，列表法．函數的不同表示方法能豐富對函數的認識，幫助理解抽象的函數概念．特別是在信息技術環(huán)境下，可以使函數在形與數兩方面的結合得到更充分的表現，使學生通過函數的學習更好地體會數形結合這種重要的數學思想方法．因此，在研究函數時，要充分發(fā)揮圖象的直觀作用．課程目標 學科素養(yǎng)A.在實際情景中，會根據不同的需要選擇恰當的方法（解析式法、圖象法、列表法）表示函數；B.了解簡單的分段函數，并能簡單地應用；1.數學抽象：函數解析法及能由條件求函數的解析式；2.邏輯推理：求函數的解析式；
人教A版高中數學必修一函數的表示法教學設計（2）
課本從引進函數概念開始就比較注重函數的不同表示方法：解析法，圖象法，列表法．函數的不同表示方法能豐富對函數的認識，幫助理解抽象的函數概念．特別是在信息技術環(huán)境下，可以使函數在形與數兩方面的結合得到更充分的表現，使學生通過函數的學習更好地體會數形結合這種重要的數學思想方法．因此，在研究函數時，要充分發(fā)揮圖象的直觀作用．在研究圖象時，又要注意代數刻畫以求思考和表述的精確性．課本將映射作為函數的一種推廣，這與傳統(tǒng)的處理方式有了邏輯順序上的變化．這樣處理，主要是想較好地銜接初中的學習，讓學生將更多的精力集中理解函數的概念，同時，也體現了從特殊到一般的思維過程．課程目標1、明確函數的三種表示方法；2、在實際情境中，會根據不同的需要選擇恰當的方法表示函數；3、通過具體實例，了解簡單的分段函數，并能簡單應用.
人教A版高中數學必修二向量的減法運算教學設計
新知探究：向量的減法運算定義問題四：你能根據實數的減法運算定義向量的減法運算嗎？由兩個向量和的定義已知 即任意向量與其相反向量的和是零向量。求兩個向量差的運算叫做向量的減法。我們看到，向量的減法可以轉化為向量的加法來進行：減去一個向量相當于加上這個向量的相反向量。即新知探究（二）：向量減法的作圖方法知識探究（三）：向量減法的幾何意義問題六：根據問題五，思考一下向量減法的幾何意義是什么？問題七：非零共線向量怎樣做減法運算？ 問題八：非零共線向量怎樣做減法運算？1.共線同向2.共線反向小試牛刀判一判(正確的打“√”，錯誤的打“×”)(1)兩個向量的差仍是一個向量。 (√ )(2)向量的減法實質上是向量的加法的逆運算. ( √ )(3)向量a與向量b的差與向量b與向量a的差互為相反向量。 ( √ )(4)相反向量是共線向量。 ( √ )
人教版高中地理必修3區(qū)域農業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展—以我國東北地區(qū)為例說課稿
（3）師生討論，提升思維深度。教師引領學生將討論由農業(yè)生態(tài)破壞、土地利用不合理等表象問題逐步深入到農業(yè)結構不合理、農業(yè)技術落后等深層問題，提升了學生思維的深度。（4）角色體驗，突破難點落實重點。在農民與保護區(qū)工作人員的角色體驗活動中，學生們嘗試換位思考，在沖突與交鋒中，在教師的引領下，重新認識環(huán)境保護與區(qū)域經濟發(fā)展的關系，在情感體驗中加深對可持續(xù)發(fā)展內涵的理解，小沖突凸顯大矛盾是本課設計的創(chuàng)新之處。2．注重對地理問題的探究，突出地理學科本質。地理學科具有綜合性、區(qū)域性特征，區(qū)域差異及人地和諧發(fā)展觀是我們在教學中應該把握的基本特征，也是我們應當把握的地理學科的本質特征，因此在本節(jié)課的設計中我注重抓住地理事物的空間特征、綜合性特征，以突出地理學科的本質。
人教版高中地理必修3資源的跨區(qū)域調配—以我國的西氣東輸為例說課稿
由于這部分知識已要求學生在課前收集相關資料探討分析，，現在提供機會讓他們進行交流，充分發(fā)表各自的見解。所以，學生對這個知識掌握起來并不難。所以，我對這部分內容不做太多的講解，只要做進一步的梳理，加深學生的理解即可。 第三是小結環(huán)節(jié) 在學生對西氣東輸工程的原因掌握之后進入的是小結環(huán)節(jié)，這里我進一步提出問題：在西氣東輸工程段的建設中有沒有什么難關？ 通過西氣東輸的難度了解，間接的表現我國的科技的發(fā)展，增加學生的愛國情，同時也說明西氣東輸的建成也有技術這一原因。從而也完成了本課時的小結。 第四環(huán)節(jié)是作業(yè)布置 在這里要求學生課后預習本課剩下的內容：思考西氣東輸對區(qū)域發(fā)展的影響以及為何要實施資源的跨區(qū)域調配。通過這樣的問題一方面為下節(jié)課學習奠定基礎，另一方面體現本課學習從“個”到“類”從特殊到一般的過程。
拋物線的簡單幾何性質（2）教學設計人教A版高中數學選擇性必修第一冊
二、直線與拋物線的位置關系設直線l:y=kx+m,拋物線:y2=2px(p>0),將直線方程與拋物線方程聯立整理成關于x的方程k2x2+2(km-p)x+m2=0.(1)若k≠0,當Δ>0時,直線與拋物線相交,有兩個交點;當Δ=0時,直線與拋物線相切,有一個切點;當Δ<0時,直線與拋物線相離,沒有公共點.(2)若k=0,直線與拋物線有一個交點,此時直線平行于拋物線的對稱軸或與對稱軸重合.因此直線與拋物線有一個公共點是直線與拋物線相切的必要不充分條件.二、典例解析例5.過拋物線焦點F的直線交拋物線于A、B兩點，通過點A和拋物線頂點的直線交拋物線的準線于點D，求證：直線DB平行于拋物線的對稱軸．【分析】設拋物線的標準方程為：y2＝2px（p＞0）．設A（x1，y1），B（x2，y2）．直線OA的方程為： ＝ ＝ ，可得yD＝ ．設直線AB的方程為：my＝x﹣ ，與拋物線的方程聯立化為y2﹣2pm﹣p2＝0，
拋物線的簡單幾何性質（1）教學設計人教A版高中數學選擇性必修第一冊
問題導學類比用方程研究橢圓雙曲線幾何性質的過程與方法，y2 = 2px (p＞0)你認為應研究拋物線的哪些幾何性質，如何研究這些性質？1. 范圍拋物線 y2 = 2px (p＞0) 在 y 軸的右側，開口向右，這條拋物線上的任意一點M 的坐標 (x, y) 的橫坐標滿足不等式 x ≥ 0；當x 的值增大時，|y| 也增大，這說明拋物線向右上方和右下方無限延伸．拋物線是無界曲線．2. 對稱性觀察圖象，不難發(fā)現，拋物線 y2 = 2px (p＞0)關于 x 軸對稱，我們把拋物線的對稱軸叫做拋物線的軸．拋物線只有一條對稱軸． 3. 頂點拋物線和它軸的交點叫做拋物線的頂點.拋物線的頂點坐標是坐標原點 (0, 0) ．4. 離心率拋物線上的點M 到焦點的距離和它到準線的距離的比，叫做拋物線的離心率. 用 e 表示，e = 1．探究如果拋物線的標準方程是〖 y〗^2=-2px(p>0), ②〖 x〗^2=2py(p>0), ③〖 x〗^2=-2py(p>0), ④
人教版高中地理必修3地理信息技術在區(qū)域地理環(huán)境研究中的應用說課稿
通過列表對比法、歸納法、、多媒體輔助法等教學方法，突破理論性強、不宜理解的“3S”原理與區(qū)別的知識難點。學生更是學會運用圖表方法、高效記憶法、合作學習法等方法學習地理知識，增加學習能力。[幻燈片] “3S技術”的應用：地理信息技術的應用十分廣泛，從實際身旁的社會生產生活，到地理學的區(qū)域地理環(huán)境研究。學生的年齡和認知范圍決定，此部分的案例教學的運用，前者容易接觸到、簡單直觀、易區(qū)分掌握“3S”技術特點和具體應用。而后者涉及地理學科的綜合性和區(qū)域性的特點，難度較大。針對學情特點，我多以前者案例入手學習，以后者案例加以補充。案例：遙感：（1）視頻 專家解說衛(wèi)星遙感受災影象（2）教材 圖1.6 1998年8月28日洞庭湖及荊江地區(qū)衛(wèi)星遙感圖像（3）視頻 2008年5月13日“北京一號”衛(wèi)星提供汶川的災區(qū)遙感圖像（4）教材 閱讀 遙感在農業(yè)方面的應用
人教版高中歷史必修2戰(zhàn)后資本主義世界經濟體系的形成說課稿3篇
1、《戰(zhàn)后資本主義世界經濟體系的形成》是人教版高中歷史必修Ⅱ第八單元第22課，學時為1課時?！稓v史必修Ⅱ》一書用古今貫通、中外關聯的八個專題來著重反映人類社會經濟和社會生活領域發(fā)展進程中的重要史實。從第一單元勾勒“古代中國經濟的基本結構與特點”再到第八單元“世界經濟的全球化趨勢”，以歷史唯物主義觀點清晰闡明經濟全球化是世界生產力發(fā)展的要求和結果，是不以人的意志為轉移的歷史必然趨勢。第八單元的標題是《世界經濟的全球化趨勢》，作為最后一單元，從內容上講，有強烈的時代感和現實意義，是全書內容的總結與升華展望。提起“全球化”這個十年前才首次出現在美國《商業(yè)周刊》的新名詞，如今卻是地球人都知道了。然而究竟什么是全球化？作為一歷史現象，全球化有其自身內部嚴密完整的體系，其中核心之一便是制度、規(guī)則的全球化，而這正是本課內容的著力點。
空間向量基本定理教學設計人教A版高中數學選擇性必修第一冊
反思感悟用基底表示空間向量的解題策略1.空間中,任一向量都可以用一個基底表示,且只要基底確定,則表示形式是唯一的.2.用基底表示空間向量時,一般要結合圖形,運用向量加法、減法的平行四邊形法則、三角形法則,以及數乘向量的運算法則,逐步向基向量過渡,直至全部用基向量表示.3.在空間幾何體中選擇基底時,通常選取公共起點最集中的向量或關系最明確的向量作為基底,例如,在正方體、長方體、平行六面體、四面體中,一般選用從同一頂點出發(fā)的三條棱所對應的向量作為基底.例2.在棱長為2的正方體ABCD-A1B1C1D1中,E,F分別是DD1,BD的中點,點G在棱CD上,且CG=1/3 CD(1)證明:EF⊥B1C;(2)求EF與C1G所成角的余弦值.思路分析選擇一個空間基底,將(EF) ?,(B_1 C) ?,(C_1 G) ?用基向量表示.(1)證明(EF) ?·(B_1 C) ?=0即可;(2)求(EF) ?與(C_1 G) ?夾角的余弦值即可.(1)證明:設(DA) ?=i,(DC) ?=j,(DD_1 ) ?=k,則{i,j,k}構成空間的一個正交基底.
傾斜角與斜率教學設計人教A版高中數學選擇性必修第一冊
(2)l的傾斜角為90°,即l平行于y軸,所以m+1=2m,得m=1.延伸探究1 本例條件不變,試求直線l的傾斜角為銳角時實數m的取值范圍.解:由題意知(m"-" 1"-" 1)/(m+1"-" 2m)>0,解得1<m<2.延伸探究2 若將本例中的“N(2m,1)”改為“N(3m,2m)”,其他條件不變,結果如何?解:(1)由題意知(m"-" 1"-" 2m)/(m+1"-" 3m)=1,解得m=2.(2)由題意知m+1=3m,解得m=1/2.直線斜率的計算方法(1)判斷兩點的橫坐標是否相等,若相等,則直線的斜率不存在.(2)若兩點的橫坐標不相等,則可以用斜率公式k=(y_2 "-" y_1)/(x_2 "-" x_1 )(其中x1≠x2)進行計算.金題典例 光線從點A(2,1)射到y(tǒng)軸上的點Q,經y軸反射后過點B(4,3),試求點Q的坐標及入射光線的斜率.解:(方法1)設Q(0,y),則由題意得kQA=-kQB.∵kQA=(1"-" y)/2,kQB=(3"-" y)/4,∴(1"-" y)/2=-(3"-" y)/4.解得y=5/3,即點Q的坐標為 0,5/3 ,∴k入=kQA=(1"-" y)/2=-1/3.(方法2)設Q(0,y),如圖,點B(4,3)關于y軸的對稱點為B'(-4,3), kAB'=(1"-" 3)/(2+4)=-1/3,由題意得,A、Q、B'三點共線.從而入射光線的斜率為kAQ=kAB'=-1/3.所以,有(1"-" y)/2=(1"-" 3)/(2+4),解得y=5/3,點Q的坐標為(0,5/3).
第四單元《教學設計》 說課稿 2021—2022學年統(tǒng)編版高中語文必修下冊
（六）說教學策略1.專題性海量的媒介信息必須加以選擇或者整合，以項目為依據，進行信息篩選，形成專題性閱讀與交流；培養(yǎng)學生對文本信息“化零為整”的能力，提升跨媒介閱讀與交流學習的充實感。2.情境化情境教學應指向學生的應用，建構富有符合時代氣息的內容，與生活經驗更加貼合，對學生的語言建構與運用有所提升，在情境中能夠有效地進行交流。3.任務化以任務為導向的序列化學習，可以為學生構建學習路線圖、學習框架等具體任務引導；或以跨媒介的認識與應用為任務的設置引導；甚至以閱讀和交流作為序列化安排的實踐引導。4.整合性跨媒介閱讀與交流是結合線上線下的資源，形成新的“超媒介”，也能實現對信息進行“深加工”，多種媒介的信息整合只為一個核心教學內容服務。5.互文性語言文字是語文之生命，我們是立足于語言文字的探討，音樂、圖像、視頻等文本與傳統(tǒng)語言文字文本形成互文，觸發(fā)學生對學習內容立體化和具體化的感悟，提升學生的審美能力。
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 1 Festivals and celebrations-Discovering Useful Structure教學設計
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案：1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative動詞-ing形式作表語，它通常位于系動詞后面，用以說明主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”一種表示主語的特質、特征和狀態(tài), 其作用相當于形容詞; 另一種具體說明主語的內容, 即主語等同于表語, 兩者可互換。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他們演奏的音樂聽起來令人激動。The result is disappointing. 結果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。Seeing is believing. 眼見為實。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案：1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations-Reading and Thinking教學設計
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations-Listening &Speaking＆Talking教學設計
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations-Reading for writing教學設計二
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …h(huán)orse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations-Reading for Writing教學設計一
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-Discovering Useful Structure教學設計
1. 表示時間。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示結果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示條件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示讓步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補充說明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意：非謂語動詞作狀語時, 如所提供的動詞不能和句子中的主語保持一致, 動詞-ing形式必須有自己的邏輯主語, 通常由名詞或代詞來擔任, 這就是獨立主格結構。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的邏輯主語是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的邏輯主語是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
