
新知探究國際象棋起源于古代印度.相傳國王要獎賞國際象棋的發(fā)明者,問他想要什么.發(fā)明者說:“請?jiān)谄灞P的第1個格子里放上1顆麥粒,第2個格子里放上2顆麥粒,第3個格子里放上4顆麥粒,依次類推,每個格子里放的麥粒都是前一個格子里放的麥粒數(shù)的2倍,直到第64個格子.請給我足夠的麥粒以實(shí)現(xiàn)上述要求.”國王覺得這個要求不高,就欣然同意了.假定千粒麥粒的質(zhì)量為40克,據(jù)查,2016--2017年度世界年度小麥產(chǎn)量約為7.5億噸,根據(jù)以上數(shù)據(jù),判斷國王是否能實(shí)現(xiàn)他的諾言.問題1:每個格子里放的麥粒數(shù)可以構(gòu)成一個數(shù)列,請判斷分析這個數(shù)列是否是等比數(shù)列?并寫出這個等比數(shù)列的通項(xiàng)公式.是等比數(shù)列,首項(xiàng)是1,公比是2,共64項(xiàng). 通項(xiàng)公式為〖a_n=2〗^(n-1)問題2:請將發(fā)明者的要求表述成數(shù)學(xué)問題.

情景導(dǎo)學(xué)古語云:“勤學(xué)如春起之苗,不見其增,日有所長”如果對“春起之苗”每日用精密儀器度量,則每日的高度值按日期排在一起,可組成一個數(shù)列. 那么什么叫數(shù)列呢?二、問題探究1. 王芳從一歲到17歲,每年生日那天測量身高,將這些身高數(shù)據(jù)(單位:厘米)依次排成一列數(shù):75,87,96,103,110,116,120,128,138,145,153,158,160,162,163,165,168 ①記王芳第i歲的身高為 h_i ,那么h_1=75 , h_2=87, 〖"…" ,h〗_17=168.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)h_i中的i反映了身高按歲數(shù)從1到17的順序排列時的確定位置,即h_1=75 是排在第1位的數(shù),h_2=87是排在第2位的數(shù)〖"…" ,h〗_17 =168是排在第17位的數(shù),它們之間不能交換位置,所以①具有確定順序的一列數(shù)。2. 在兩河流域發(fā)掘的一塊泥板(編號K90,約生產(chǎn)于公元前7世紀(jì))上,有一列依次表示一個月中從第1天到第15天,每天月亮可見部分的數(shù):5,10,20,40,80,96,112,128,144,160,176,192,208,224,240. ②

1.判斷正誤(正確的打“√”,錯誤的打“×”)(1)函數(shù)f (x)在區(qū)間(a,b)上都有f ′(x)<0,則函數(shù)f (x)在這個區(qū)間上單調(diào)遞減. ( )(2)函數(shù)在某一點(diǎn)的導(dǎo)數(shù)越大,函數(shù)在該點(diǎn)處的切線越“陡峭”. ( )(3)函數(shù)在某個區(qū)間上變化越快,函數(shù)在這個區(qū)間上導(dǎo)數(shù)的絕對值越大.( )(4)判斷函數(shù)單調(diào)性時,在區(qū)間內(nèi)的個別點(diǎn)f ′(x)=0,不影響函數(shù)在此區(qū)間的單調(diào)性.( )[解析] (1)√ 函數(shù)f (x)在區(qū)間(a,b)上都有f ′(x)<0,所以函數(shù)f (x)在這個區(qū)間上單調(diào)遞減,故正確.(2)× 切線的“陡峭”程度與|f ′(x)|的大小有關(guān),故錯誤.(3)√ 函數(shù)在某個區(qū)間上變化的快慢,和函數(shù)導(dǎo)數(shù)的絕對值大小一致.(4)√ 若f ′(x)≥0(≤0),則函數(shù)f (x)在區(qū)間內(nèi)單調(diào)遞增(減),故f ′(x)=0不影響函數(shù)單調(diào)性.[答案] (1)√ (2)× (3)√ (4)√例1. 利用導(dǎo)數(shù)判斷下列函數(shù)的單調(diào)性:(1)f(x)=x^3+3x; (2) f(x)=sinx-x,x∈(0,π); (3)f(x)=(x-1)/x解: (1) 因?yàn)閒(x)=x^3+3x, 所以f^' (x)=〖3x〗^2+3=3(x^2+1)>0所以f(x)=x^3+3x ,函數(shù)在R上單調(diào)遞增,如圖(1)所示

The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.

The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.

The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut

Step 3 Meaning1. 過去將來時表示從過去某一時間來看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài), 常用在賓語從句中。一般由“would/should +動詞原形”構(gòu)成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望將來有一天他們能再見面。2. was/were going to+動詞原形: 表示過去將要發(fā)生或很有可能發(fā)生的動作, 常用于口語中, 表示預(yù)言、意圖或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期開始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用來表示即將發(fā)生的動作, “剛要/正要做……”。注意該結(jié)構(gòu)不與任何時間狀語連用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某種可怕的事情即將發(fā)生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾計(jì)劃做某事”, 如果表示“本來計(jì)劃做某事, 動作沒實(shí)現(xiàn)”, 則需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她說她本來想告訴我關(guān)于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等動詞的過去進(jìn)行時: 表示就過去某一時刻而言即將發(fā)生的動作。She was coming later. 她隨后就來。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我剛穿上外套要去看我的一個朋友。

【參考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!

導(dǎo)語在必修第一冊中,我們研究了函數(shù)的單調(diào)性,并利用函數(shù)單調(diào)性等知識,定性的研究了一次函數(shù)、指數(shù)函數(shù)、對數(shù)函數(shù)增長速度的差異,知道“對數(shù)增長” 是越來越慢的,“指數(shù)爆炸” 比“直線上升” 快得多,進(jìn)一步的能否精確定量的刻畫變化速度的快慢呢,下面我們就來研究這個問題。新知探究問題1 高臺跳水運(yùn)動員的速度高臺跳水運(yùn)動中,運(yùn)動員在運(yùn)動過程中的重心相對于水面的高度h(單位:m)與起跳后的時間t(單位:s)存在函數(shù)關(guān)系h(t)=-4.9t2+4.8t+11.如何描述用運(yùn)動員從起跳到入水的過程中運(yùn)動的快慢程度呢?直覺告訴我們,運(yùn)動員從起跳到入水的過程中,在上升階段運(yùn)動的越來越慢,在下降階段運(yùn)動的越來越快,我們可以把整個運(yùn)動時間段分成許多小段,用運(yùn)動員在每段時間內(nèi)的平均速度v ?近似的描述它的運(yùn)動狀態(tài)。

我們知道數(shù)列是一種特殊的函數(shù),在函數(shù)的研究中,我們在理解了函數(shù)的一般概念,了解了函數(shù)變化規(guī)律的研究內(nèi)容(如單調(diào)性,奇偶性等)后,通過研究基本初等函數(shù)不僅加深了對函數(shù)的理解,而且掌握了冪函數(shù),指數(shù)函數(shù),對數(shù)函數(shù),三角函數(shù)等非常有用的函數(shù)模型。類似地,在了解了數(shù)列的一般概念后,我們要研究一些具有特殊變化規(guī)律的數(shù)列,建立它們的通項(xiàng)公式和前n項(xiàng)和公式,并應(yīng)用它們解決實(shí)際問題和數(shù)學(xué)問題,從中感受數(shù)學(xué)模型的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義與應(yīng)用,下面,我們從一類取值規(guī)律比較簡單的數(shù)列入手。新知探究1.北京天壇圜丘壇,的地面有十板布置,最中間是圓形的天心石,圍繞天心石的是9圈扇環(huán)形的石板,從內(nèi)到外各圈的示板數(shù)依次為9,18,27,36,45,54,63,72,81 ①2.S,M,L,XL,XXL,XXXL型號的女裝上對應(yīng)的尺碼分別是38,40,42,44,46,48 ②3.測量某地垂直地面方向上海拔500米以下的大氣溫度,得到從距離地面20米起每升高100米處的大氣溫度(單位℃)依次為25,24,23,22,21 ③

教學(xué)過程:(一)導(dǎo)入:課前放《愛的奉獻(xiàn)》歌曲,同時不斷播放一些有關(guān)“愛”的主題的圖片,渲染一種情感氛圍。師說:同學(xué)們,誰能說說這組圖片的主題應(yīng)該是什么?生(七嘴八舌):母愛,不對是親情……是友情、還有人與人互相幫助……那組軍人圖片是說保衛(wèi)國家,應(yīng)該是愛國……那徐本禹和感動中國呢?…………生答:是關(guān)于愛的方面師說:不錯,是關(guān)于愛的方面。那么同學(xué)們,今天就以“愛的奉獻(xiàn)”為話題,來寫一篇議論文如何?生答:老師,還是寫記敘文吧。生答:就是,要不議論文寫出來也象記敘文。師問:為什么?生答:老師,這個話題太有話說了,一舉例子就收不住了,怎么看怎么象記敘文。生答:就是,再用一點(diǎn)形容詞,就更象了。眾人樂。師說:那么同學(xué)們誰能告訴我,為什么會出現(xiàn)這種問題?一生小聲說:還不是我們笨,不會寫。師說:不是笨,也不是不會寫,你們想為什么記敘文就會寫,一到議論文就不會了,那是因?yàn)橥瑢W(xué)們沒有明白議論文中的記敘與記敘文中的記敘有什么不同,所以一寫起議論文中的記敘,還是按照記敘文的寫法寫作,這自然就不行了。那好,今天我們就從如何寫議論文中的記敘講起。

四.設(shè)計(jì)反思我在設(shè)計(jì)本課時,希望通過情境的創(chuàng)設(shè)充分再現(xiàn)歷史,并利用多媒體輔助教學(xué),破重點(diǎn)、化難點(diǎn),讓學(xué)生主動參與到學(xué)習(xí)過程中,從而突破狹小的教室空間,讓學(xué)生真正做到感知?dú)v史,立足現(xiàn)實(shí),展望未來。自主,交流、合作、探究是課程改革中著力倡導(dǎo)的新型學(xué)習(xí)方式。課堂教學(xué)中如何開展小組合作的探究學(xué)習(xí)存在著很多困難,首先是課堂教學(xué)時間有限,如何體現(xiàn)面向全體,給每個學(xué)生以機(jī)會?再次,歷史問題的討論只能依托于史料才能使討論不淪為空談,課堂上通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)提供大量的史料(文字、圖片或其他),勢必不能有充分時間讓學(xué)生閱讀分析。如何解決這些問題呢?措施一:要形成較固定的歷史學(xué)習(xí)合作小組。選定一位同學(xué)擔(dān)任組長,負(fù)責(zé)協(xié)調(diào)措施二:要設(shè)置有利于學(xué)生探究的問題情境措施三:要把課堂教學(xué)與課外學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)合起來。在課前就印發(fā)相關(guān)的材料,或引導(dǎo)學(xué)生去查閱相關(guān)的資料,讓學(xué)生有個充分的閱讀、思考、交流的時間,是保證課堂上小組交流能成功實(shí)現(xiàn)的一個前提

一、說教材(一)、教材內(nèi)容《古代中國的發(fā)明和發(fā)現(xiàn)》是人教版高中歷史必修三第三單元第一課內(nèi)容,本課教材主要從五個方面的典型事例向?qū)W生介紹了古代中國幾千年的科技成就。本課一方面展示了古代中國人民的勤勞智慧以及對世界文明發(fā)展作出的巨大貢獻(xiàn),另一方面也提出了一個重大問題引起學(xué)生的思考,即造成中國科技在近代落后的原因是什么。此外、本課在教材中具有承上啟下的地位和作用,前承中國傳統(tǒng)文化主流思想,后啟現(xiàn)代中國科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展。根據(jù)課標(biāo)要求和教材內(nèi)容,我將本課的三維目標(biāo)確定如下:(三)教學(xué)目標(biāo)(1)知識與能力:掌握中國古代科技進(jìn)步的基礎(chǔ)知識,特別是四大發(fā)明。認(rèn)識古代中國四大發(fā)明對世界文明發(fā)展的貢獻(xiàn),以及取得重大成就的原因。⑵過程與方法:通過指導(dǎo)學(xué)生課前閱讀課本,在課堂上進(jìn)行問題探究、實(shí)驗(yàn)體驗(yàn)以及歷史比較,學(xué)會總結(jié)歸納。

當(dāng)代社會生活的變化比以往任何時代都要快。語言尤其是詞匯記錄了這些發(fā)展變化,因而也涌現(xiàn)了大量的新詞新語。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),近幾年每年大約要出現(xiàn)1000個左右的新詞新語,而字典、詞典的多次修訂、增補(bǔ)就反映了這種情況。但相對來說,也有一些流行語又逐漸受到冷遇,甚至退隱。為了更好的對新詞新語與流行文化作一番檢視與探究,那讓我們考察一下它們是怎么產(chǎn)生的吧?老師先給同學(xué)們列舉四種途徑:大屏幕3。同學(xué)們能再舉出以上途徑的一些例子嗎?老師列舉(4)其實(shí)不只這些,那還有哪些途徑呢?找同學(xué)說并舉例。說的非常好,請同學(xué)們看老師的例子,總結(jié)(5)。從新詞新語的產(chǎn)生途徑可以看出,這些鮮活得像畫一樣的新詞就是這個時代跳動的血小板,它涉及當(dāng)代社會的重大事件、現(xiàn)象與時弊,以及人們?nèi)粘I畹母鱾€層面如人生意義、生活方式、愛情、友情、就業(yè)、消費(fèi)、時尚等,時代性強(qiáng),傳播面廣,反映著當(dāng)代社會時局與人們文化心態(tài)的變化。

在學(xué)習(xí)語文經(jīng)驗(yàn)交流會上,季老師舉著我的《采花釀蜜集》,對大家說:“人日積月累辛勤采擷,終于釀出了知識的瓊漿。大家都應(yīng)這樣,爭做知識的富戶??!”老師有點(diǎn)激動,低低地爬在鼻梁上的眼鏡突然滑了下來,正好落在那集子上。大家笑了,季老師也笑了。就這樣,我的寫作有了進(jìn)步,好幾篇作文登上了班級《學(xué)作園地》。從此,我愛上了語文,更深深地愛上了季老師。高中升學(xué)考前那個星期天的夜晚,季老師舊病復(fù)發(fā),累倒了。半夜,老師們把他送進(jìn)了公社衛(wèi)生院。第二天,同學(xué)們都悄悄去衛(wèi)生院看望。我去的時候,季老師正在掛滴流。可是,下午季老師又出現(xiàn)在講臺上,他臉色憔悴,聲音沙啞……我手捧《采花釀蜜集》走近季老師,思緒的溪水從遠(yuǎn)方流了回來?!凹纠蠋煛?,我把本子捧給老師,深情地叫了聲。季老師接過本子,仔細(xì)翻閱著,臉上露出了笑容,像是聞到了郁郁芳香的蜜汁似的。“進(jìn)步不小呀!”季老師說著,又在本子扉頁上題了

談到這,如果有人會說這僅僅是在于我個人與戰(zhàn)場之上,戰(zhàn)場之下另當(dāng)別論,那么,他完全錯了。在我小學(xué)四年級的語文課上有兩個人發(fā)言積極,一個姓黃,一個姓康,黃同學(xué)發(fā)言比康同學(xué)更積極,班上的同學(xué)常以為黃同學(xué)是個了不得的人物,后來,教語文的吳老師曾悄悄地告訴我:班上真正厲害的是康x,那黃x沒什么,說的全是“一點(diǎn)通”上的,照搬不誤。說到這,我還得厚著臉皮自夸一下,在四年級時,我和康同學(xué)是同坐,一次,老師叫我們對一片課文(好象是寫黃繼光舍身炸暗堡)的一個段落提問題時,我悄悄地對康同學(xué)說了一個問題,康同學(xué)對我說:“你站起來說嘛。”內(nèi)向的我遙遙頭,康同學(xué)便站舉手,并起來將我的問題大聲地說了出來,結(jié)果老師說:“恩,康x的問題提得很好?!?/p>

學(xué)生思考回答后歸納:隨著征服地區(qū)的擴(kuò)大,出現(xiàn)了許多新問題,新矛盾,原有的公民法已經(jīng)無法適應(yīng)這些新變化(質(zhì)疑)。公民法適用范圍限于羅馬公民,用來調(diào)整他們之間的關(guān)系,羅馬公民受到法律保護(hù),并享受法律賦予的權(quán)利。在擴(kuò)張中納入到疆域中的許多外邦人不能受到法律的保護(hù),在這種背景下,公民法發(fā)展成萬民法。萬民法的出現(xiàn),一方面由于公民法的狹隘性,另一方面伴隨對外戰(zhàn)爭的勝利,奴隸制在羅馬得到快速發(fā)展。為了更加有效地保護(hù)奴隸主的私人利益,迫切需要建立和完善法律制度來維護(hù)統(tǒng)治階級的利益不受侵犯。問題探究:萬民法的制定產(chǎn)生哪些作用?學(xué)生思考回答后總結(jié):萬民法取代公民法,協(xié)調(diào)了羅馬人和外邦人之間的關(guān)系及外邦人相互之間的關(guān)系,對于在龐大帝國內(nèi)微細(xì),協(xié)調(diào)各地區(qū)的民族關(guān)系、社會矛盾也祈禱重要作用。萬民法使法律具有了更大的適用范圍,也成為鞏固羅馬統(tǒng)治的重要工具。

二、說學(xué)生本屆高一學(xué)生經(jīng)過了三年初中課改,在心理上,他們渴望表現(xiàn)的欲望和自主探究的欲望比較強(qiáng)烈,對有興趣的知識表現(xiàn)出高度地?zé)崆?,并具有一定的團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作能力,但還是應(yīng)該正視一個并不樂觀的現(xiàn)實(shí)——在寫作方面,學(xué)生知識還停留在簡單的記敘及表達(dá)方式綜合運(yùn)用上,至于巧妙構(gòu)思、謀篇布局很是空白。即便已經(jīng)經(jīng)過高中一個學(xué)期的學(xué)習(xí),但還是有大部分學(xué)生依然基礎(chǔ)較為薄弱,甚至出現(xiàn)不知從何下筆的現(xiàn)象。三、說教法與學(xué)法“老師搭臺,學(xué)生唱戲”1、教法:本課將安排兩課時(一課時學(xué)習(xí)一課時練筆),采用 PPT 多媒體課件教學(xué),嘗試用角色扮演法、圖片展示法和多媒體教學(xué)等方法,教學(xué)中應(yīng)該重視學(xué)生的參與性和探究性。2、學(xué)法:學(xué)生應(yīng)該充分利用多角度創(chuàng)設(shè)的學(xué)習(xí)情境來激發(fā)自身學(xué)習(xí)的興趣和熱情,分組討論,小組互助等形式讓學(xué)生積極自主參與、進(jìn)行問題探究學(xué)習(xí)。理論依據(jù):建構(gòu)主義理論“學(xué)生是學(xué)習(xí)的中心”的闡釋,教師應(yīng)該做學(xué)生主動建構(gòu)意義的幫助者、促進(jìn)者。

1、《戰(zhàn)后資本主義世界經(jīng)濟(jì)體系的形成》是人教版高中歷史必修Ⅱ第八單元第22課,學(xué)時為1課時?!稓v史必修Ⅱ》一書用古今貫通、中外關(guān)聯(lián)的八個專題來著重反映人類社會經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會生活領(lǐng)域發(fā)展進(jìn)程中的重要史實(shí)。從第一單元勾勒“古代中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)與特點(diǎn)”再到第八單元“世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的全球化趨勢”,以歷史唯物主義觀點(diǎn)清晰闡明經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化是世界生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展的要求和結(jié)果,是不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的歷史必然趨勢。第八單元的標(biāo)題是《世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的全球化趨勢》,作為最后一單元,從內(nèi)容上講,有強(qiáng)烈的時代感和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,是全書內(nèi)容的總結(jié)與升華展望。提起“全球化”這個十年前才首次出現(xiàn)在美國《商業(yè)周刊》的新名詞,如今卻是地球人都知道了。然而究竟什么是全球化?作為一歷史現(xiàn)象,全球化有其自身內(nèi)部嚴(yán)密完整的體系,其中核心之一便是制度、規(guī)則的全球化,而這正是本課內(nèi)容的著力點(diǎn)。

【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】知識與技能:了解我國不同等級城市的劃分,并理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際辨別現(xiàn)實(shí)社會的城市等級運(yùn)用有關(guān)原理,說明不同等級城市服務(wù)范圍的差異。了解城市服務(wù)范圍與地理位置的關(guān)系。掌握不同等級城市的分布特點(diǎn)了解稱城市六邊形理論,并能用其解釋荷蘭圩田居民點(diǎn)設(shè)置問題過程與方法:通過對棗強(qiáng)鎮(zhèn)及上海城市等級演化分布的學(xué)習(xí),掌握不同等級城市城市服務(wù)范圍與功能以及城市等級提高的基本條件通過對德國城市分布案例的學(xué)習(xí),總結(jié)歸納出不同等級城市分布規(guī)律通過城市六邊形理論的學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)會分析城市居民點(diǎn)布局等現(xiàn)實(shí)問題情感態(tài)度與價值觀:通過學(xué)生對我國不同等級城市(經(jīng)濟(jì)、人口、交通、服務(wù)種類)等相關(guān)資料的搜集,讓學(xué)生關(guān)心我國基本地理國情,增強(qiáng)熱愛祖國的情感。養(yǎng)成求真、求實(shí)的科學(xué)態(tài)度,提高地理審美情趣。
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