
學生已經學習了指數運算性質,有了這些知識作儲備,教科書通過利用指數運算性質,推導對數的運算性質,再學習利用對數的運算性質化簡求值。課程目標1、通過具體實例引入,推導對數的運算性質;2、熟練掌握對數的運算性質,學會化簡,計算.數學學科素養(yǎng)1.數學抽象:對數的運算性質;2.邏輯推理:換底公式的推導;3.數學運算:對數運算性質的應用;4.數學建模:在熟悉的實際情景中,模仿學過的數學建模過程解決問題.重點:對數的運算性質,換底公式,對數恒等式及其應用;難點:正確使用對數的運算性質和換底公式.教學方法:以學生為主體,采用誘思探究式教學,精講多練。教學工具:多媒體。一、 情景導入回顧指數性質:(1)aras=ar+s(a>0,r,s∈Q).(2)(ar)s= (a>0,r,s∈Q).(3)(ab)r= (a>0,b>0,r∈Q).那么對數有哪些性質?如 要求:讓學生自由發(fā)言,教師不做判斷。而是引導學生進一步觀察.研探.

對數與指數是相通的,本節(jié)在已經學習指數的基礎上通過實例總結歸納對數的概念,通過對數的性質和恒等式解決一些與對數有關的問題.課程目標1、理解對數的概念以及對數的基本性質;2、掌握對數式與指數式的相互轉化;數學學科素養(yǎng)1.數學抽象:對數的概念;2.邏輯推理:推導對數性質;3.數學運算:用對數的基本性質與對數恒等式求值;4.數學建模:通過與指數式的比較,引出對數定義與性質.重點:對數式與指數式的互化以及對數性質;難點:推導對數性質.教學方法:以學生為主體,采用誘思探究式教學,精講多練。教學工具:多媒體。一、 情景導入已知中國的人口數y和年頭x滿足關系 中,若知年頭數則能算出相應的人口總數。反之,如果問“哪一年的人口數可達到18億,20億,30億......”,該如何解決?要求:讓學生自由發(fā)言,教師不做判斷。而是引導學生進一步觀察.研探.

函數在高中數學中占有很重要的比重,因而作為函數的第一節(jié)內容,主要從三個實例出發(fā),引出函數的概念.從而就函數概念的分析判斷函數,求定義域和函數值,再結合三要素判斷函數相等.課程目標1.理解函數的定義、函數的定義域、值域及對應法則。2.掌握判定函數和函數相等的方法。3.學會求函數的定義域與函數值。數學學科素養(yǎng)1.數學抽象:通過教材中四個實例總結函數定義;2.邏輯推理:相等函數的判斷;3.數學運算:求函數定義域和求函數值;4.數據分析:運用分離常數法和換元法求值域;5.數學建模:通過從實際問題中抽象概括出函數概念的活動,培養(yǎng)學生從“特殊到一般”的分析問題的能力,提高學生的抽象概括能力。重點:函數的概念,函數的三要素。難點:函數概念及符號y=f(x)的理解。

例7 用描述法表示拋物線y=x2+1上的點構成的集合.【答案】見解析 【解析】 拋物線y=x2+1上的點構成的集合可表示為:{(x,y)|y=x2+1}.變式1.[變條件,變設問]本題中點的集合若改為“{x|y=x2+1}”,則集合中的元素是什么?【答案】見解析 【解析】集合{x|y=x2+1}的代表元素是x,且x∈R,所以{x|y=x2+1}中的元素是全體實數.變式2.[變條件,變設問]本題中點的集合若改為“{y|y=x2+1}”,則集合中的元素是什么?【答案】見解析 【解析】集合{ y| y=x2+1}的代表元素是y,滿足條件y=x2+1的y的取值范圍是y≥1,所以{ y| y=x2+1}={ y| y≥1},所以集合中的元素是大于等于1的全體實數.解題技巧(認識集合含義的2個步驟)一看代表元素,是數集還是點集,二看元素滿足什么條件即有什么公共特性。

培養(yǎng)學生合作交流意識和探究問題的能力,這一部分知識層層遞進,符合學生由特殊到一般、由簡單到復雜的認知規(guī)律。4、互動探究(1)極限思想的滲透讓學生閱讀“思考與討論”小版塊.培養(yǎng)學生的自學和閱讀能力提出下列問題,進行分組討論:a、用課本上的方法估算位移,其結果比實際位移大還是?。繛槭裁??b、為了提高估算的精確度,時間間隔小些好還是大些好?為什么?針對學生回答的多種可能性加以評價和進一步指導。讓學生從討論的結果中歸納得出:△t越小,對位移的估算就越精確。滲透極限的思想。通過小組內分工合作,討論交流,培養(yǎng)學生交流合作的精神,以及搜集信息、處理信息的能力;通過小組間對比總結,使學生學會在對比中發(fā)現(xiàn)問題,在解決問題過程中提高個人能力;

設計意圖:幾道例題及練習題,其中例1小車由靜止啟動開始行駛,以加速度 做勻加速運動,求2s后的速度大???進而變式到:小車遇到紅燈剎車……,充分體現(xiàn)了“從生活到物理,從物理到社會”的物理教學理念;例題及練習題由淺入深、由易到難、各有側重,體現(xiàn)新課標提出的讓不同的學生在物理上得到不同發(fā)展的教學理念。這一環(huán)節(jié)總的設計意圖是反饋教學,內化知識。(6) 小結歸納,拓展深化我的理解是,小結歸納不應該僅僅是知識的簡單羅列,而應該是優(yōu)化認知結構,完善知識體系的一種有效手段,為充分發(fā)揮學生的主題作用,從學習的知識、方法、體驗是那個方面進行歸納,我設計了這么三個問題:① 通過本節(jié)課的學習,你學會了哪些知識;② 通過本節(jié)課的學習,你最大的體驗是什么;③ 通過本節(jié)課的學習,你掌握了哪些學習物理的方法?

4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative動詞-ing形式作表語,它通常位于系動詞后面,用以說明主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”一種表示主語的特質、特征和狀態(tài), 其作用相當于形容詞; 另一種具體說明主語的內容, 即主語等同于表語, 兩者可互換。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他們演奏的音樂聽起來令人激動。The result is disappointing. 結果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。Seeing is believing. 眼見為實。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing

The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.

The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.

Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …h(huán)orse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.

The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.

1、教材分析 本課選自普通高中課程標準實驗教材,人民教育出版社歷史必修(1),第六單元:現(xiàn)代中國的政治建設與祖國統(tǒng)一,第22課——祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)。祖國統(tǒng)一始終是中國人民的共同夙愿。本課內容主要敘述了“一國兩制”的偉大構想,為完成祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)提出了一個創(chuàng)造性的指導方針。香港、澳門的回歸,是“一國兩制” 偉大構想的成功實踐。在“一國兩制”方針指導下,海峽兩岸實現(xiàn)了一次歷史性的突破。揭示了“一國兩制” 的構想,對推動完成祖國完全統(tǒng)一大業(yè),實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復興具有現(xiàn)實指導意義。 2、學情分析通過調查知道,學生對本節(jié)的基本史實有一定了解。但是,高一新生習慣于知識的記憶和教師的講解,不能深入分析歷史現(xiàn)象的內涵和外延;不能進一步探究事物的因果關系和理解事物的本質;并且需要進一步拓展思維的廣度和深度,實現(xiàn)從一維目標到三維目標的飛躍。

情景導入:......運用情景營造氣氛,激發(fā)學生的求知欲望,幫助學生聯(lián)系現(xiàn)實問題,學習歷史,拉近歷史與現(xiàn)實的距離,引導學生關注時政熱點,關心國家大事。自主學習:組織學生閱讀課文,老師參與學生閱讀活動并板書知識結構。通過學生自主學習,培養(yǎng)學生自學能力,為進一步好好學習打下基礎。交流學習:學生自學以后,老師引導學生相互交流自學成果,學生自主提出問題,相互解答,從而達到生生互動、師生互動,在互動中學習,共同提高

師:在科學發(fā)展過程中,前一個理論體系的不完善之處,往往是新的研究和新的發(fā)現(xiàn)的突破口。開普勒之后,意大利天文學家伽利略創(chuàng)制了天文望遠鏡,用更加精確的觀察繼續(xù)發(fā)展和驗證哥白尼創(chuàng)立的新天文學理論。除了用望遠鏡進行天文觀察以外,伽利略還開始進行自然科學的實驗研究,哪位同學能給大家講一講伽利略在比薩斜塔上所作的關于物體自由下落的實驗?生:(講述這一實驗)師:所以,伽利略在科學方面更加重要的貢獻是奠定了近代實驗科學的基礎。(2)實驗科學和唯物主義師:伽利略從實踐上開辟了實驗科學的方法,而英國唯物主義哲學家培根則從理論上闡述了實驗科學的方法——歸納法。培根和伽利略同被稱為實驗科學之父,培根還有一句影響深刻的名言:“知識就是力量”,表明了他注重知識,尊崇科學的精神。我們再來概括一下意大利哲學家布魯諾的唯物主義思想,是否有同學可以簡述布魯諾的生平事跡?

課前活動:分成四組,對南京三個住房地段進行調查,新街口夫子廟、板倉、仙林,對住房居民進行問卷調查,自行設計調查問卷,分析該地段的房價要求,居民的要求,居民為何要在該地段購買住房,基礎設施設置等等其它與居民購房有關的因素。◆設計意圖:利用課前小組探究形式對所學問題進行相關調查,不僅讓學生掌握知識了解知識來源于社會還能培養(yǎng)學生深入生活交際表達能力以及合作探究能力;3.問題設計同學們,不知道你們在調查過程中是否發(fā)現(xiàn)一個問題,郊區(qū)的房子,特別是別墅,都是些高檔居所,許多有錢人的居住場所,那為什么會這樣呢?伴隨著城市化進程中居民都往城里擠,為什么還會有許多有錢人往郊區(qū)搬呢?這就是我們今天要研究的第二個問題:逆城市化。◆設計意圖:承轉過渡知識,從購房選擇因素的學習過渡到郊區(qū)化的學習,同時培養(yǎng)學生發(fā)現(xiàn)問題的能力,給學生以啟迪。

一、 教材分析與學情分析教材分析人民教育出版社普通高中課程標準實驗教科書必修2第七章第九節(jié)。本節(jié)內容安排在學習機械能守恒定律之后的目的,是為了使學生在理論上對機械能守恒定律有所了解的基礎上,通過實驗測量及對實驗數據的分析處理,對機械能守恒定律及條件有深刻的認識。學情分析知識層面:學生已經掌握了動能、重力勢能等概念以及動能定理、機械能守恒定律等定理、定律;知道功是能量轉換的量度以及機械能守恒的條件。能力層面:學生已具備一定的實驗操作技能,會用打點計時器以及直尺等實驗儀器。具備一定的數據處理能力。二、教學目標與重點、難點教學目標知識與技能:1、會用打點計時器打下的紙帶計算物體運動的速度。2、掌握驗證機械能守恒定律的實驗原理。

(5)高度不同,對平拋運動距離有何影響,是否因為高度減小后下落時間減小,所以要增大速度才能達到相同的距離?(教學實踐證明,這種想法在學生比較多見。已經不自覺的沿用了自由落體運動的規(guī)律,又隱隱有運動等時性的痕跡。應引導學生這一結果還需實驗驗證。)教師的引導:其實,我們所提出的看法都跟平拋運動的規(guī)律有關系。那么平拋運動究竟有怎樣的規(guī)律呢?以前學過的直線運動知識還能用于今天的內容嗎?由此逐步使學生意識到分析平拋運動須采用運動合成與分解這一方法。三、實驗驗證自主探究(15分鐘) 物理是實驗科學,多媒體教學不能代替實驗。本教學設計的第三個環(huán)節(jié)是實驗驗證,鼓勵學生自主探究。引導學生根據自己的猜想(實驗目的)設計實驗進行驗證。(1)介紹手持式平拋豎落儀,引導并小結實驗要領:聽兩小球下落聲音判斷其下落時間。體會合運動和分運動是等時的。

1、舉例:2、結論:(1)物體的運動軌跡是曲線的運動叫曲線運動。(2)曲線運動中速度方向是時刻改變的。(二)、曲線運動方向:1、質點在某一點(或某一時刻)的速度的方向是在曲線的這一點的切線方向。2、曲線運動中速度方向是時刻改變的,因此曲線運動是變速運動。(三)、曲線運動條件:1、演示實驗:2、結論:當物體所受的合力的方向跟它的速度方向不在同一直線時,物體就做曲線運動。七、課堂小結:1、運動軌跡是曲線的運動叫曲線運動。2、曲線運動中速度的方向是時刻改變的,質點在某一點的瞬時速度的方向在曲線的這一點的切線上。3、當合外力F的方向與它的速度方向有一夾角a時,物體做曲線運動。八、鞏固訓練:1、關于曲線運動,下列說法正確的是()。A:曲線運動一定是變速運動;B:曲線運動速度的方向不斷的變化,但速度的大小可以不變;

d.某物體沿直線向東運動,原來的速度是5m/s,2s后速度減小到3m/s,求2s內物體速度變化。④如何探究物體作勻速圓周運動時,在Δt時間內的速度變化?分析:有了同一直線上速度變化的鋪墊后,討論物體做勻速圓周運動速度的變化就比較自然了,為了給向心加速度方向的學習打好基礎,可以通過小組協(xié)作,進一步完成下列思考題,使同學們認識到:時間間隔起短,速度變化的方向起接近半徑方向。(多媒體屏幕投影)a.物體沿半徑為1m的軌道做勻速圓周運動,線速度大小為,求1s內物體速度變化并畫出1s內速度變化的示意圖。b.分別求出上題中物體在0.5s、0.25s內速度變化并畫出相應的示意圖。由于沒有辦法直接利用實驗來驗證速度變化的方向,所以,我們采用提供思考題的方法,引導同學在合作學習、自主探究中完成。有了速度變化的研究為鋪墊,加速度的方向問題就迎刃而解了。

[小結]師:下面同學們概括總結本節(jié)所學的內容。請一個同學到黑板上總結,其他同學在筆記本上總結,然后請同學評價黑板上的小結內容。 (學生認真總結概括本節(jié)內容,并把自己這節(jié)課的體會寫下來、比較黑板上的小結和自己的小結,看誰的更好,好在什么地方。) 生:本節(jié)課我們通過伽利略理想斜面實驗,分析得出了能量以及動能和勢能的概念,從能量的相互轉化角度認識到,在動能和勢能的相互轉化過程中,能的總量保持不變,即能量是守恒的。通過這節(jié)課的學習,使我們建立起了守恒的思想。 點評:總結課堂內容,培養(yǎng)學生概括總結能力。 教師要放開,讓學生自己總結所學內容,允許內容的順序不同,從而構建他們自己的知識框架。[布置作業(yè)]課后討論 P3“問題與練習”中的問題。[課外訓練]以豎直上拋的小球為例說明小球的勢能和動能的轉化情況。在這個例子中是否存在著能的總量保持不變?
PPT全稱是PowerPoint,LFPPT為你提供免費PPT模板下載資源。讓你10秒輕松搞定幻燈片制作,打造?顏值的豐富演示文稿素材模版合集。