
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “how to save endangered wildlife and help wildlife in their neighborhood.” Due to the continuous deterioration of the living environment, a large number of wild animals are always facing the threat of endangered or extinction. Listening and speaking period enables students to understand the fact and reason why wild species are disappearing from the earth at an amazing speed, and realize that human beings ought to enhance the awareness of protecting wild species as soon as possible.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of " how to help wildlife in Ss’ neighborhood.". Now there are many volunteers who spontaneously protect wild animals, carry out various activities according to local conditions, and contribute their own strength to local animal protection with practical actions. Middle school students are also enthusiastic participants. They organize activities in their spare time, and take this opportunity to make friends, broaden their horizons, cultivate team spirit and communication skills. This section describes a bird watching activity organized by several middle school students of Bird watching Club. It aims to stimulate students' interest, improve their understanding of bird watching activities, and use the language structure of “being used for; in order to, so as to, to, so that, in order that ” to express the purpose for communication and discussion.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of using visuals to predict content.2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to save endangered wildlife and help wildlife in their neighborhood.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “I am concerned about…” “what do you know about the endangered animals in…" and so on to talk about one of the endangered animals.

This lesson is about wildlife protection. The listening and speaking is about “How to protect endangered wildlife ?” Faced with the facts and numbers of wildlife loss, people begin to detect the reasons, then people such as the celebrities (Prince William and Yao Ming) are calling on to protect them. So students are guided to enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife and try to take part in some volunteer activities of protecting wildlife.1. Predict the content by using visuals. 2. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?3. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.5. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.1. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.2. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.3. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?4. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.Part A Listening and Speaking--- How to save endangered wildlifeStep 1 Lead in1. Point at the pictures on P14 and ask Q1: What message do these posters share?

This teaching period mainly deals with grammar: The past participle is used as attributive and objective complement.1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the past participle used as attributive and objective complement flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Instruct students to write essays using the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step1:溫故而知新。Analyze the underlined phrases and then sum up the common usages of the past participles.1.(教材P41)They had castles built(build) all around England, and made changes to the legal system.2.(教材P42)They use the same flag, known(know) as the Union Jack,...3.(教材P42)Judy and I had our car parked(park) in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged(charge).Common points: f the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step 2:過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的意義1.及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),在語(yǔ)態(tài)上表示被動(dòng);在時(shí)間上,常表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成,有時(shí)也不表示時(shí)間性。Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a satisfied smile at last.我們的老師看著我們做實(shí)驗(yàn),最后給了我們一個(gè)滿意的微笑。The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.會(huì)上提出的計(jì)劃將很快被執(zhí)行。2.不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),它不表示被動(dòng)意義,只強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成。Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard.

這個(gè)地區(qū)有著深厚的傳統(tǒng)。既學(xué)既練:為了讓更多的外國(guó)游客了解中國(guó)文化,欣賞中國(guó)美麗的自然風(fēng)光,感受中國(guó)發(fā)生的巨大變化,某外文雜志社將出版一本英語(yǔ)小冊(cè)子來(lái)介紹中國(guó)的旅游景點(diǎn)。該雜志社邀請(qǐng)你為該小冊(cè)子寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)短文來(lái)介紹杭州,內(nèi)容包括:1.杭州的位置(中國(guó)東南部)、面積(16 000多平方公里)及歷史(2 200多年)等;2.杭州的旅游特色(自然風(fēng)景、傳統(tǒng)文化、特色小吃等);3.希望更多的游客來(lái)杭州參觀。注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。Located in the southeast of China, Hangzhou is a beautiful city.Dating back more than 2,200 years, Hangzhou covers an area of more than 16,000 square kilometers.In Hangzhou, you can visit the West Lake, whose scenery is fascinating.In addition, you can’t miss its cultural relics and historical sites, from which you will learn more about excellent Chinese traditional culture and traditions.In Hangzhou, the special snacks are famous and visitors from different parts of the world think highly of them.As a tourist attraction, Hangzhou attracts a large number of visitors from home and abroad every year.Once you come to China, Hangzhou is a scenic spot you can’t miss.

choir memberspeople to run food stands people to sell festival ticketspeople to sell music CDspeople to set up equipmentmusical performersStep 2: Listen to the announcement again and answer the questions. ? 1. What kind of songs will Grace Davis sing at the festival?? 2. Who can try out as a performer?? 3. What can those who think they do not have musical talent do?? 4. How can students volunteer to take part?? Talking about preferences:? Would you prefer doing ..?? What would you prefer to do?? Would you rather do .... or ….?? What would you rather do?? I'd prefer .... to ..? I'd rather have ... than .. Step 3: Speaking ProjectWork in groups. Role-play the conversation or make a new one.? Debbie: Where have you been? You missed the announcement about the music festival.? John: I was at the doctor's office. Music festival?? Frank: Yes, it's going to be next month on the school sports field. John, you can play the piano. How about playing it at the festival?? John: Well, I'd rather play the violin. I can play Liang Zhu.? Frank: Wow! Sounds good. What about you, Debbie? ? Debbie: Actually, I don't have much musical ability. I'd prefer just to help out with the crowds.? Frank: You can sell tickets or work at a food stand.? John: So can I assume that the aim of the festival is to raise money?? Debbie: Yes. All of the money will go to charity.

The Internet celebrity Gao Yifeng. Years ago, he owned 5 companies and the staffs over 1,000, but during the economy crisis, he became nothing but debt. He was so worried that his hair became white overnight. There was a time when he wanted to killed himself. But after listening to the song Start Over by Liu Huan, he decided to cheer himself up. He started a steamed bun shop and gradually became a national chain shops. Now he became successful again.Walter Haddon said, “Music is the medicine of a troubled mind.” Music contains such a pleasant and inspiring force. Music gave him courage and bravery. When he listened to the song, it made his spirit fly like a kite in the wind. Music gave him strength and brought him relief. It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times. I hope none of us have to go through the same kind of suffering that he did. At the same time, we all go through various periods when we feel sad or alone. During those times, music can help us in the same way that it helped him. I hope we all will somehow begin to treasure music and make it a part of our life. Thank you for your listening !5.Revise your writing each other.Does he/she explain how music has changed his/her/someone else’s life?Are some of the rhetorical devices included and used properly ?Does he/she talk about how music makes him/her/someone feel?Is the first word in each sentences capitalised?Does he/she use correct punctuation ?

這兩章是對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)場(chǎng)面的描寫(xiě)。寫(xiě)的是戰(zhàn)車、戰(zhàn)馬、象弭、魚(yú)服以及士兵的勞累奔波、饑渴難當(dāng),通過(guò)這些具體生動(dòng)的細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)來(lái)展現(xiàn)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)生活的圖景。而沒(méi)有寫(xiě)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上的刀光劍影、廝打拼殺,但戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的殘酷已可想見(jiàn)。4“昔我往矣,楊柳依依。今我來(lái)思,雨雪霏霏”被視為情景交融的佳句。清人王夫之在論《詩(shī)經(jīng)·小雅·采薇》這兩句時(shí)說(shuō):“以樂(lè)景寫(xiě)哀,以哀景寫(xiě)樂(lè),一倍增其哀樂(lè)?!闭?wù)勀愕目捶?。一以往昔之虛襯眼前之實(shí),以出征之樂(lè)襯內(nèi)心之思親之悲痛;二“楊柳依依”與“雨雪霏霏”對(duì)比,突出不勝今昔之感;三大雪交加,饑渴難當(dāng),情境實(shí)悲,以哀景寫(xiě)哀情。四、交流延伸1寫(xiě)一首詩(shī)或一段文字表達(dá)你對(duì)“鄉(xiāng)愁”的新的體驗(yàn)。在全班交流。2課后搜集更多的表現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)情的詩(shī)歌散文作品,將你最感動(dòng)的一篇拿到班上與同學(xué)分享感受。

三、想象畫(huà)面,把握意境1.指導(dǎo)想象學(xué)習(xí)陶淵明的《歸園田居》我們腦海中自然會(huì)出現(xiàn)一幅幅的畫(huà)面,比如他歸家后的生活場(chǎng)景,我們會(huì)想象“榆柳”是如何遮蔽房屋的,而“桃李”又是如何摘種在房前的。我們會(huì)想象村落是如何在薄霧中若隱若現(xiàn)的,想象炊煙是如何裊裊升起的?!渡娼绍饺亍芬辉?shī)只有8句話,更需要我們展開(kāi)想象,去構(gòu)畫(huà)場(chǎng)景,這樣才能深入詩(shī)歌,體會(huì)到詩(shī)歌的味道。2.學(xué)生想象要求學(xué)生閉目想象1分鐘。3.學(xué)生展示想象結(jié)果(抽三四個(gè)學(xué)生回答即可)4.老師指導(dǎo)糾正學(xué)生想象不合理之處。要注意的地方:“江”可能學(xué)生會(huì)想象成小溪流、小池塘?!疤m澤”可能學(xué)生理解成“湖泊”。注意字詞“還顧”“漫浩浩”中隱含的情感,注意“離居”中流露的愁怨。5.時(shí)間允許的話,老師讀自己的下水作文。

教學(xué)設(shè)想:本節(jié)課的主題是“生命之綠,璞玉心靈”,用圈點(diǎn)批注法解讀愛(ài)綠的感情,讓學(xué)生在批注中明確“綠”的象征意義,而不只是結(jié)論的傳遞。同時(shí)借助于閱讀、感受和理解把握作者對(duì)綠的認(rèn)識(shí)是不斷升華的,由一般對(duì)生命希望之綠的喜愛(ài),到與綠交往后被它的不畏強(qiáng)暴,永遠(yuǎn)向陽(yáng)的精神所折服,最后在特定的時(shí)代背景下綠在作者的心目中已經(jīng)成了我們民族不屈精神的象征。讓學(xué)生評(píng)中求解,評(píng)中悟情,評(píng)中明理,評(píng)中品味。教學(xué)進(jìn)程:一、導(dǎo)語(yǔ)上節(jié)課我們學(xué)習(xí)了朱自清的《綠》,初步了解了讀書(shū)動(dòng)筆的基本方法,這節(jié)課我們繼續(xù)用圈點(diǎn)批注的方法來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)陸蠡的散文《囚綠記》。二、釋題師:看標(biāo)題,囚綠之“綠”在文中具體指什么?(一株常春藤)“囚”就是囚禁的意思,那題目就是記述囚禁綠色常春藤的經(jīng)過(guò)。三、圈點(diǎn)、把握情節(jié)作者為什么要囚綠呢?文中除了寫(xiě)“囚綠”之外,還寫(xiě)了哪些有關(guān)綠的意念和行動(dòng)?帶著這樣的質(zhì)疑用自己喜歡的方式朗讀課文,請(qǐng)同學(xué)們?nèi)c(diǎn)出疑難字詞,或結(jié)合書(shū)下注釋,或同學(xué)合作解決,解決不了的,可提出來(lái)我們共同解決。標(biāo)注段落節(jié)次。勾畫(huà)出表現(xiàn)作者對(duì)綠意念和行動(dòng)的句子。

【教學(xué)設(shè)想】一、選題設(shè)想《巴黎圣母院》是雨果的代表作,無(wú)論從思想內(nèi)容還是藝術(shù)風(fēng)格都有明顯的浪漫主義特征:奇異曲折、扣人心弦的故事情節(jié);妙趣橫生、別出心裁的奇遇巧合;強(qiáng)烈鮮明的美丑、善惡對(duì)比;豐富生動(dòng)、珠璣迸發(fā)、富有哲理意味的語(yǔ)言。通過(guò)導(dǎo)讀,來(lái)消除學(xué)生對(duì)外國(guó)名著的畏難情緒,增加學(xué)生課外閱讀的興趣和信心;讓學(xué)生整體把握作品,窺一斑而識(shí)全豹,讓學(xué)生高屋建瓴,了解其旨意,以極為精確而又充滿意蘊(yùn)的文字,對(duì)名著的概述及精要部分做了介紹;引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自主探究,交流合作,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的獨(dú)立思考的學(xué)習(xí)慣,指點(diǎn)進(jìn)行名著閱讀的門徑。作為導(dǎo)讀課,教師應(yīng)注意不可“越位”,在學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程中,教師的“導(dǎo)”固然重要,學(xué)生的“讀”更不可或缺,應(yīng)避免以“導(dǎo)讀”來(lái)代替名著閱讀。因此,《巴黎圣母院》的教學(xué)定位為基于課內(nèi),面向課外,以求達(dá)到以學(xué)帶讀,以讀促學(xué)的目的。

結(jié)合歷史自古以來(lái),江山美人歷來(lái)都是引無(wú)數(shù)英雄豪杰競(jìng)折腰的,如果說(shuō)英雄選擇了美人卻丟了江山,把所有罪名都?xì)w結(jié)于“女人是禍水”。但是,紂王無(wú)道,和有了妲己有必然的聯(lián)系嗎?有人說(shuō)妲己壞透了,壞透了的妲己如果不是取得紂王的信任是壞不起來(lái)的,紂王聽(tīng)信了妲己的讒言,聽(tīng)與不聽(tīng)決定權(quán)在紂王,而不在妲己。強(qiáng)勢(shì)永遠(yuǎn)在紂王一邊。再來(lái)看看西施和楊貴妃:西施是作為越國(guó)貢獻(xiàn)給吳國(guó)的供品來(lái)到吳王夫差的身邊的,楊貴妃更是先是李隆基的兒媳婦被看中而得寵的。所以,西施和楊貴妃這兩個(gè)可憐的女人根本沒(méi)有自己的獨(dú)立選擇,沒(méi)有獨(dú)立的愛(ài)情,如果沒(méi)有西施,就會(huì)有南施,或北施;如果沒(méi)有楊貴妃,就會(huì)有李貴妃,王貴妃,總之什么施,什么妃是不能少的,因?yàn)槟鞘菂峭鹾屠盥』男枰?/p>

【明確】“一夫當(dāng)關(guān),萬(wàn)夫莫開(kāi)”言劍閣有易守難攻的險(xiǎn)要形勢(shì),暗示中央朝廷的部隊(duì)很不容易打進(jìn)來(lái),因而野心家可以據(jù)險(xiǎn)發(fā)動(dòng)叛亂,“化為狼與豺”,搞地方割據(jù)。如果割據(jù)勢(shì)力之間出現(xiàn)矛盾沖突,難免要發(fā)生混戰(zhàn),結(jié)果必定是“殺人如麻”。詩(shī)人這番預(yù)言在十多年后就得到了證實(shí):從上元二年到大歷初即有段子璋、徐知道、崔旰等人相繼發(fā)動(dòng)叛亂。詩(shī)人的意圖是要嚴(yán)防野心家發(fā)難。詩(shī)人從劍閣的險(xiǎn)要引出對(duì)政治形勢(shì)的描寫(xiě)。他化用西晉張載《劍閣銘》中形勝之地,匪親勿居的語(yǔ)句,目的在于勸人引以為鑒戒,警惕戰(zhàn)亂的發(fā)生,并聯(lián)系當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)背景,揭露了蜀中豺狼的磨牙吮血,殺人如麻,這既是描寫(xiě)蜀道猛獸,又是影射政治黑暗的雙關(guān)語(yǔ)句,表達(dá)了對(duì)國(guó)事的憂慮與關(guān)切,為詩(shī)篇增加了現(xiàn)實(shí)的內(nèi)涵、深厚的意蘊(yùn)。唐天寶初年,太平景象背后正潛伏著危機(jī),后來(lái)發(fā)生的安史之亂,證明詩(shī)人的憂慮是有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義的。

【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】1.熟讀全文,掌握文中出現(xiàn)的重要的實(shí)詞、虛詞、古漢語(yǔ)句式;2.鑒賞本文融情于事的表達(dá)和形象精粹的語(yǔ)言;3.深入體會(huì)文章凄切婉轉(zhuǎn)的陳情技巧。【教學(xué)重點(diǎn)】重要的古漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)詞知識(shí)【教學(xué)難點(diǎn)】理解作者當(dāng)時(shí)的處境和李密祖孫間真摯深厚的感情【教學(xué)方法】作為教讀課,選擇串講的方式,突出朗讀,以期能做到既落實(shí)知識(shí),又能體會(huì)文章之美。課時(shí)安排為兩課時(shí)。要重點(diǎn)做好預(yù)習(xí)工作?!窘虒W(xué)步驟】一、以蘇軾的評(píng)論導(dǎo)入讀《出師表》不下淚者,其人必不忠;讀《陳情表》不下淚者,其人必不孝;讀《祭十二郎文》不下淚者,其人必不友二、預(yù)習(xí)檢測(cè)1、下列紅色字注音完全正確的一項(xiàng)()A、臣以險(xiǎn)釁(xìn)夙遭閔(mǐn)兇終鮮(xiǎn)兄弟常在床蓐(rù)B、猥(wěi)以微賤責(zé)臣逋(bǔ)慢猶蒙衿(jīn)育寵命優(yōu)渥(wò)C、豈敢盤(pán)桓(huán)有所希冀(yì)日?。╞ó)西山除臣洗(xiǎn)馬D、逮(dǎi)奉圣朝過(guò)蒙拔擢(zhuó)門衰祚(zuò)薄更(gēng)相為命分析:B責(zé)臣逋(bū)慢,C有所希冀(jì),D逮(dài)奉圣朝。

【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】1.理解作者反抗黑暗,辭官歸田,不與當(dāng)時(shí)黑暗的上層社會(huì)同流合污而熱愛(ài)田園生活的積極精神,學(xué)習(xí)其高潔的理想志趣和堅(jiān)定的人生追求。2.掌握“胡、奚、曷、焉、何”五個(gè)疑問(wèn)代詞,歸納“行、引、乘、策”等四個(gè)詞的一詞多義,了解“以、而、之、兮、來(lái)”等文言虛詞的用法。3.背誦全文?!窘虒W(xué)重點(diǎn)】1.了解作者辭官歸田的原因,深刻體味詩(shī)人鄙棄官場(chǎng),熱愛(ài)田園的無(wú)限欣喜之情。2.背誦全文?!窘虒W(xué)難點(diǎn)】1.理解記述中滲透出的或喜或哀,或決絕或猶疑的復(fù)雜感情。2.歸納實(shí)詞、虛詞的用法,掌握省略句、倒裝句兩種句式?!窘叹邷?zhǔn)備】投影儀投影膠片【課時(shí)安排】2課時(shí)【教學(xué)過(guò)程】第一課時(shí)[教學(xué)要點(diǎn)]了解陶淵明及其作品。讀課文,利用注釋、工具書(shū),初步把握文章,朗讀課文,找出押韻的字,由押韻歸納各層大意,幫助學(xué)生理清背誦思路,背誦全文。[教學(xué)步驟]一、導(dǎo)語(yǔ)《桃花源記》是我們?cè)诔踔薪佑|過(guò)的陶淵明的作品。師生一同背誦。《桃花源記》中悠閑自得的田園生活正是作者精神追求的形象反映。今天我們學(xué)習(xí)的《歸去來(lái)兮辭》正是作者決別官場(chǎng),同上層社會(huì)分道揚(yáng)鑣的宣言書(shū)。

采用明段意分段法:先逐段概括段意,然后用合并同類項(xiàng)法把相關(guān)聯(lián)緊縮密的自然段合在一起。全文五個(gè)自然段中,二、三、四自然段講的都是張衡取得的科學(xué)成就,自然應(yīng)合為一大段。這樣,就理清了文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。全文可分為三個(gè)部分:(1)寫(xiě)張衡的品格和文才①(2)寫(xiě)張衡在科學(xué)技術(shù)上取得的成就(②③④)(3)寫(xiě)張衡的政治才干(⑤)第二部分是文章的重點(diǎn),又可分為兩層:一是仕途情況,以及制作渾天儀和著《靈憲》、《算圖論》的情況;一是專門介紹候風(fēng)地支儀。顯然,后者又是第二部分的重點(diǎn)。作者這樣處理文章的詳略安排。無(wú)疑是非常正確的,因?yàn)閺埡庖簧卸喾矫娴牟拍芎统删?,而他在科技方面的才能和?chuàng)造發(fā)明最為突出,理應(yīng)成為本文記敘的重點(diǎn)。四、小結(jié)1.了解全文的內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu),掌握明段意分段法。2.了解文章的詳略安排。五、作業(yè)

三.分析第三部分:1.夫妻贈(zèng)詩(shī)表現(xiàn)了二人怎樣的心情?提示:崔鶯鶯告誡張生切勿忘記她;張生則發(fā)誓永無(wú)別戀。這充分展示了二人深厚的情誼。2.怎樣理解[耍孩兒]中的典故?提示:“紅淚”借王嘉《拾遺記》的典故,司馬青衫借白居易《琵琶行》的典故,表現(xiàn)主人公因離別而生的傷心之情?!安畡陲w去燕西歸”則用牛郎織女的典故表現(xiàn)兩人纏綿難舍的心情。3.[五煞]表明了主人公怎樣的心情?提示:對(duì)張生的生活的關(guān)心,千叮萬(wàn)囑,真情自現(xiàn)。4.[二煞]中所用是幾個(gè)典故?這些典故的作用是什么?提示:三個(gè)典故,見(jiàn)課本。其作用是表明崔鶯鶯對(duì)張生的擔(dān)心。四.分析第四部分:1.[一煞]中再寫(xiě)環(huán)境,其作用是否與先前所寫(xiě)相同?提示:稍有不同,這里是表現(xiàn)崔鶯鶯目送張生遠(yuǎn)去時(shí)那種凄愴悲苦的眷戀之情。以所見(jiàn)之物,寫(xiě)內(nèi)心深藏之情。2.[收尾]中寫(xiě)‘殘照’其含義是什么?提示:以“殘照”表現(xiàn)內(nèi)心的悵惘失意之情。

【教學(xué)過(guò)程】導(dǎo)入:如果說(shuō)唐詩(shī)是中國(guó)文學(xué)史中的一朵奇葩,那孟浩然則是點(diǎn)綴其上的一滴晶瑩露珠,其充滿魅力與特色的詩(shī)風(fēng)在盛唐獨(dú)樹(shù)一幟,也為其在人才濟(jì)濟(jì)的詩(shī)史上刻下了永恒的印記。同學(xué)們能否先回憶一下,我們學(xué)過(guò)的孟浩然的詩(shī)歌有哪些?(《春曉》、《宿建德江》、《望洞庭湖贈(zèng)張丞相》、《過(guò)故人莊》。)我們常說(shuō)"中國(guó)古詩(shī)寫(xiě)胸襟,是人格美的自然流露",那么孟詩(shī)在語(yǔ)言和思想情感上留給你怎樣的印象和感受?整體感知:本文作者聞一多先生也是一位詩(shī)人,所謂"英雄惜英雄",相同的志向與情趣使聞一多似乎帶著我們?cè)谂c孟浩然進(jìn)行了一場(chǎng)心靈的對(duì)話。那么同學(xué)們?cè)诳焖匍喿x文章之后,能否先找出作者是選擇了一個(gè)怎樣的角度對(duì)孟浩然評(píng)價(jià)的?(詩(shī)如其人,人如其詩(shī)。)

【教學(xué)過(guò)程】第一課時(shí)一、導(dǎo)入新課清代唐彪在《讀書(shū)作文譜》中引用武叔卿的話說(shuō):“文章有一筆寫(xiě)成不加點(diǎn)綴而工者,此神到之文,尚矣。其次須精思細(xì)改,如文章草創(chuàng)已定,便從頭至尾—一標(biāo)點(diǎn)。”同學(xué)們能列舉出文學(xué)史上的作家哪些屬于前者,哪些屬于后者嗎?前者有李白。后者如賈島、王安石、歐陽(yáng)修、曹雪芹等。(賈島有關(guān)于推敲的典故。王安石修改“春風(fēng)又綠江南岸”句傳為佳話。歐陽(yáng)修《醉翁亭記》的開(kāi)頭便是精心改成的?!都t樓夢(mèng)》更是“披閱十載,增刪五次?!保┨釂?wèn):古今的偉大作家為什么像李白式的詩(shī)人很少,而大多數(shù)人卻都要“咬文嚼字”,苦苦修改呢?這節(jié)課我們就來(lái)研究一下這個(gè)問(wèn)題。二、整體感知1.快速瀏覽全文,熟悉主要內(nèi)容。2.根據(jù)“學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)”,確立學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)。三、課文分析1.理清觀點(diǎn)與材料的關(guān)系。首先,讓學(xué)生找出本文在論證中所運(yùn)用的材料。

材料五航路開(kāi)辟后,東方香料輸入歐洲的總量較中古之時(shí)猛增30倍,而胡椒、丁香等在印度購(gòu)入和在英國(guó)賣出的差價(jià)亦高達(dá)10至29倍,其他貨物的獲利同樣驚人。這一時(shí)期,新的商品不斷涌現(xiàn),特別值得注意的是美洲的特產(chǎn)——玉米、馬鈴薯、煙草、可可等——被傳播到歐亞大陸。這時(shí),世界性的對(duì)外貿(mào)易主要通過(guò)大西洋,地中海與意大利皆告衰落,而沿大洋的英、荷等漸居中心。到17世紀(jì)時(shí),英國(guó)的倫敦與荷蘭的阿姆斯特丹成為世界貿(mào)易中心。問(wèn)題4:材料五表明,新航路開(kāi)辟后對(duì)世界貿(mào)易產(chǎn)生了哪些重大影響?答案4:結(jié)束了世界相對(duì)孤立狀態(tài);各地文明開(kāi)始會(huì)合交流,日益連成一個(gè)整體;歐洲商人直接同世界各地建立商業(yè)聯(lián)系;促進(jìn)不同國(guó)家和貿(mào)易的發(fā)展,促進(jìn)世界市場(chǎng)雛形開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)。

【教學(xué)參考】對(duì)“新政”作用的評(píng)價(jià)史學(xué)界對(duì)“新政”作用的評(píng)價(jià)是仁者見(jiàn)仁、智者見(jiàn)智,但基本上有三種觀點(diǎn),即“功大于過(guò)論”、“過(guò)大于功論”和“功過(guò)參半論”。持“功大于過(guò)論”者認(rèn)為“新政”在美國(guó)歷史上基本上是一種進(jìn)步現(xiàn)象,首先,“新政”挽救了危機(jī),使美國(guó)人民擺脫了危機(jī)的困苦局面;其次,在缺少足夠的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策知識(shí)的時(shí)代,羅斯福所做的努力確實(shí)是開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的;再次,羅斯福“新政”開(kāi)啟了美國(guó)以后歷屆政府實(shí)施國(guó)家干預(yù)政策的大門,成為緩解自由主義經(jīng)濟(jì)制度之弊病的一劑良方,并在實(shí)質(zhì)上加強(qiáng)了美國(guó)聯(lián)邦政府的權(quán)威;最后,在30年代資本主義世界經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的背景下,同日本、德國(guó)為轉(zhuǎn)嫁危機(jī)而發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的策略相比,“新政”無(wú)疑代表了一種進(jìn)步、民主的解救危機(jī)方式。持“過(guò)大于功論”者認(rèn)為“新政”未能使美國(guó)走出蕭條、步入繁榮。
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