
一.教材理解教材地位與作用:本單元“閱讀與鑒賞”部分,本單元要求學(xué)生能在了解詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作的時(shí)代背景的情況下通過(guò)反復(fù)誦讀詩(shī)歌,把握其中豐富的意象,領(lǐng)悟詩(shī)歌獨(dú)特的意境和詩(shī)人所要表達(dá)的情感?!队晗铩肥乾F(xiàn)代派大師戴望舒的成名作和前期的代表作,他曾因此而贏得了“雨巷詩(shī)人”的雅號(hào)。本單元以《雨巷》為例子給學(xué)生展示了象征主義詩(shī)歌的特點(diǎn),《雨巷》運(yùn)用了象征性的抒情手法。詩(shī)中那狹窄陰沉的雨巷,在雨巷中徘徊的獨(dú)行者,以及那個(gè)像丁香一樣結(jié)著愁怨的姑娘,都是象征性的意象。這些意象又共同構(gòu)成了一種象征性的意境,含蓄地暗示出作者即迷惘感傷又有期待的情懷,并給人一種朦朧而又幽深的美感。富于音樂(lè)性是《雨巷》的另一個(gè)突出的藝術(shù)特色。詩(shī)中運(yùn)用了復(fù)沓、疊句、重唱等手法,造成了回環(huán)往復(fù)的旋律和宛轉(zhuǎn)悅耳的樂(lè)感。因此我把本課的教學(xué)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)確定為:教學(xué)重點(diǎn):通過(guò)反復(fù)誦讀,領(lǐng)略詩(shī)歌的音樂(lè)美以及分析其成因教學(xué)難點(diǎn):分析意象以及其象征意義初步掌握鑒賞詩(shī)歌的方法

Then I would ask them to think of a funny English or Chinese and tell it to partners. While telling stories, they can use expressions and some acting to help make the story funny. 5 minutes would be given to do this.Those stories they told there will be the material for their writing. Soletting them tell it at first is helpful. And they can make a difference between telling a funny story and writing it down. Generally speaking, it is difficult forstudents to write well because they don’t know what to write and how to write. Asking them to tell their own stories at first can help them come up with what to write.After their telling, I would invite someone to share his/her story with all of us and I would write it down on the blackboard.This example story would be used as a sample to illustrate the format of funny story. Different from a story from teacher or textbook, a story from students can obviously become a interesting material to draw students’ attention.Then I would ask the whole class to put this story into several parts. It might be a little bit difficult for them. So I would ask them to find out whether all the sentences are necessary. After delete some sentences, there are 6 sentences left behind. Then they can easily put them into three parts. After interaction with students, I would teach them the right terms for each part and conclude the format of funny story.This step is the key and difficult point in my lesson. So I mainly usetask-based teaching method in this part and the task for students was divided into several stages. With the separated difficult level, students can find there are usually three parts in writing. They can also learn to write without the unnecessary parts in the process of analyzing. And then I wouldn’t rush to tell them the right terms to them directly. Instead, I would ask them to name them by their own. A confused mind is better for acquiring knowledge.While-writing:Then I would give students 7 minutes to write down this story, without other requirements.With all the preparations in pre-writing, students’ difficulties were cleared. So it would be much easier for them to write down the story within 7 minutes. There are no other requirements because students’ first writing is actually a drafting. It would be revise and edit several times later. Writing, as a skill

Good afternoon, teachers, It’s my great pleasure to be here sharing my lesson with you.The content of my lesson is Senior English Book 3 Unit 5 Canada —— “The true North”.I’ll be ready to begin this lesson from five parts. Analysis of the teaching material,the teaching methods,the studying methods, the teaching procedure,and Blackboard design.First, let me talk about the teaching material.Part 1 Teaching Material:This unit is about the introduction of Canada. By studying of this unit,we’ll enable the students to learn the geography, population, main cities, and natural beauty, natural resources of Canada. Through the training of the unit, it also requires students to learn some Language skills such as the expressions of position and emotions.So it plays an important part in the English teaching in this book.After studying the teaching material and analyzing the rule of children’s growing of mind,I think the teaching aims are the followings:1.Knowledge objects:(1) make the students learn some new words and phrases(2) make the students understand the content of the lesson.2.Ability objects:(1)To develop the Ss’ abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Especially reading and speaking ability.(2) learn to talk about the characters of Canada in English(3)To train the Ss’ ability of working in pairs.3.Emotion objects:(1)Enable students to understand the characters of Canada..(2)Stimulate Ss to work hard to make China stronger.Part 2 Teaching Methods:I think helping students learn to master new words and phrases and improve the students’ reading and speaking ability is import and the difficult.According to the analysis of the teaching material and the import points and the difficult points,I will use the following teaching methods : question-guiding approach; fast-reading and careful reading; multi-media teaching methods; discussion

The oldest and the most popular park in the worldenjoy the exciting activities thereget close to the life-size cartoon characters like Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck Step 3 Pre-reading1.What do you suppose a theme park is ?2.What do you think you can see in a theme park?(1.It is a kind of amusement park which has a certain theme – that the whole park is based on. 2.buildings, castles, statues, rare animals and birds, and so on.) Step 4 Reading ----- Theme Parks –---- Fun and More Than Fun1.Predict : Read the title and the pictures on P. 34 and PredictWhat is the meaning of the title “Theme Park – Fun and more than fun”?(The title means that theme parks are fun to visit, but that they can also be educational and can offer useful information.)2.Skimming Fast read and answer:What activities can we take in a theme park?Amusement park: Bumper car Merry-go-round slide bungee jumping Free-fall rides Horror films Pirate ship Ferris wheel roller coaster3.Scanning Read again and you will find various theme parks are mentioned in the passage . Then what are they ?Theme parks: Sports theme park History theme park Culture theme park Marine or Ocean theme Park Future park Science theme park Disneyland4.Careful reading and find the main idea of each paragraph:THEME PARKS---- entertaining/ educationalPara.1 Traditional parks are places to go for relaxation and to have time away from our busy lives.Para.2 Theme parks are different They’re large and full of things to do, see and buy.Para.3 Theme parks are built around a single idea or theme. One example is a sports park.Para.4 Another kind of theme park is historical more and cultural and can be educational.Para.5 Disneylandwas the first theme park. It is based on the fantasy life and characters of Disney’s films.Para.6 Some examples of educational theme parks include sea world parks and science parks.

Language learning needs a context, which can help the learners to understand the language and then can product comprehensible output, so computer has the advantages to make the materials attractive.Part 3 Learning MethodsTask-based, self-dependent and cooperative learningPart 4 Teaching ProcedureStep One Lead-in“Interest is the best teacher.” Therefore, at the very beginning of the class, I should spark the students’ mind to focus on the centre topic “the band”. I’ll show some pictures of food to attract their attention and then bring some questions.Question:What kind of food they like?What should go into a good meal?The answers must relate to the diet. After this, the students will be eager to know something about a balance diet and this is the very time to naturally lead the class into Step 2Step 2 Reading for information: skimming and scanning In this step, I use Task-based Language Teaching method, which can give students a clear and specific purpose while skimming and scanning the context.Task 1 General ideaThe students will be asked to just glance at the title and the pictures of the passage, and then guess what they will read in the text. And they’ll be divided into groups of four to have a discussion.The purpose is to inspire the students to read actively, not passively. In addition, the task is to develop the students’ reading skill by making prediction and to encourage the students to express their thoughts in English and cooperate with each other.Task 2 Main idea of each paragraphCooperative learning can raise the students’ interest and create an atmosphere of achievement. Based on this theory, I divide the whole class into 4 groups to skim the whole text and get the main idea of each paragraph.

Knowledge objectives:(1) to make Ss grasp the usage of words, expressions and sentence structures: statistics, struggle, thanks to, rid of, some patterns for persuasion, the “ing” form as subject and object;(2)to use learnt knowledge to persuade sb.Ability objectives:(1) to develop Ss’ reading skills(skimming, scanning, word guessing);(2) to improve Ss’ speaking, communicating and cooperating skills.Emotional objectives:to make Ss know the contribution of Yuan,and learn his spirit and his simple life time.Teaching important and difficult points:(1) some words, expressions and sentence structures mentioned above;(2)the content of the text;(3)training their reading and speaking skills.Teaching methods: CLT, TBLT,QT.Learning strategies: CLS, QLS, TBLS.Teaching procedures:Step 1 lead-in: (1) teacher plays a piece of recent news from CCTV about the harvest of the super hybrid rice, and ask students whether they know Yuan or not, and talk about him and his contribution.(2)Brain storm: let Ss describe Yuan in their minds including his appearance, his living condition and so on.Step 2 fast reading tasks:(1)teacher introduces Yuan and super hybrid rice(2)make Ss read the text as fast as possible with questions. Such as: what’s the general ideaof this passage? What’s Yuan’ dream? (skimming and scanning skill)Step 3 intensive reading tasks(1)let Ss read the text silently, find topic sentence of each paragraph and draw the difficult sentences and the knowledge what they don’t understand.(words guessing)(2)teacher and Ss talk about the important words, expressions and sentences together, and ask Ss to retell the content of the text.(summarizing and paraphrasing)(3)teacher summarize this part.(4) read again following the courseware.

本節(jié)課是人教社物理必修1第三章第三節(jié)的內(nèi)容,編排在彈力之后。該節(jié)知識(shí)既是力學(xué)的基礎(chǔ),也是組成整個(gè)高中物理知識(shí)的一塊“基石”,所以這節(jié)內(nèi)容的教學(xué)如何引領(lǐng)學(xué)生自主積極地探究摩擦力產(chǎn)生的條件和影響因素,體驗(yàn)?zāi)Σ亮μ攸c(diǎn)規(guī)律的發(fā)生過(guò)程是本節(jié)課的重點(diǎn),應(yīng)高度重視本節(jié)教學(xué)過(guò)程;由于摩擦力問(wèn)題的復(fù)雜性,且在具體問(wèn)題中又表現(xiàn)出“動(dòng)中有靜,靜中有動(dòng)”,尤其靜摩擦在許多情形下似乎又是“若有若無(wú),方向不定”,因此,對(duì)于初學(xué)者也是有一定難度的。也正是由于教材內(nèi)容的上述特點(diǎn),本節(jié)課又易于激起學(xué)生的求知欲,易于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的辯證觀點(diǎn),易于錘煉學(xué)生的物理素質(zhì)。要充分用好該節(jié)教材內(nèi)容,深入挖掘知識(shí)間的有機(jī)聯(lián)系,對(duì)學(xué)生開(kāi)展針對(duì)性的思維訓(xùn)練,進(jìn)而提高學(xué)生應(yīng)用物理知識(shí)解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的能力和創(chuàng)新思維能力。高中物理《課標(biāo)》對(duì)該知識(shí)點(diǎn)的要求是,“通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)認(rèn)識(shí)滑動(dòng)摩擦、靜摩擦的規(guī)律,能用動(dòng)摩擦因數(shù)計(jì)算摩擦力”。其中,對(duì)靜摩擦力規(guī)律的認(rèn)識(shí)應(yīng)該包括最大靜摩擦力。

4、本文的重點(diǎn)是說(shuō)辭,雖僅百余字,卻委婉曲折,步步進(jìn)逼,層層深入,表現(xiàn)出高超的勸說(shuō)藝術(shù)、游說(shuō)技巧。讓學(xué)生細(xì)細(xì)品味并概括說(shuō)辭中包含幾層意思。第一層(“秦、晉圍鄭,鄭既知亡矣”),分析形勢(shì),以退為進(jìn),博得好感。第二層(“若亡鄭而有益于君”至“君之薄也”),亡鄭陪鄰,動(dòng)搖聯(lián)盟。第三層(“若舍鄭以為東道主”至“君亦無(wú)所害”),存鄭有益,利益引誘。第四層(“且君嘗為晉君賜矣”至“唯君圖之”),追溯歷史,深入離間??梢?jiàn)燭之武面對(duì)大國(guó)的君主,巧舌如簧,不卑不亢,從容辭令,既不刺激對(duì)方也不失本國(guó)尊嚴(yán),語(yǔ)言的分寸掌握得恰到好處。表現(xiàn)出燭之武機(jī)智善辯的外交才能。5、面對(duì)風(fēng)云突變的局勢(shì),晉侯沒(méi)有感情用事,而表現(xiàn)了清醒的頭腦和理智的判斷。這種隱忍不發(fā)、隨機(jī)應(yīng)變的胸懷和謀略,正是晉文公終成霸業(yè)的根本原因。設(shè)計(jì)意圖:本環(huán)節(jié)的重點(diǎn)是全面把握燭之武這一人物性格特征,以及退秦師過(guò)程中體現(xiàn)出的非凡的膽識(shí)以及高超的謀略和語(yǔ)言藝術(shù)。

一、教材分析1、教學(xué)對(duì)象分析《再別康橋》的教學(xué)對(duì)象是高一學(xué)生,高一學(xué)生往往對(duì)那種純粹的、原始的、本真的情感體會(huì)較為膚淺,《再別康橋》是新月派詩(shī)人徐志摩的傳世之作,有極高美學(xué)價(jià)值,它所抒發(fā)的離愁別緒是人類共同的情感經(jīng)歷,通過(guò)誦讀容易將學(xué)生帶人詩(shī)境,喚醒他們沉寂的真情,從而引起強(qiáng)烈的共鳴。 2、教材地位及作用 高中語(yǔ)文第一冊(cè)第一單元為詩(shī)歌單元,本單元收錄了中國(guó)現(xiàn)當(dāng)代的一些優(yōu)秀詩(shī)篇。《再別康橋》安排在本單元的第二課,屬于必讀課。雖然本詩(shī)向來(lái)眾說(shuō)紛紜,但其藝術(shù)之美人所共知,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生高尚的審美情趣和良好的審美創(chuàng)造力是語(yǔ)文學(xué)科的任務(wù),因此,從語(yǔ)言賞析入手,從情感體驗(yàn)切入,就可以讓學(xué)生通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)本課體會(huì)現(xiàn)代詩(shī)歌的特點(diǎn),多方面感受體悟詩(shī)歌的情感,受到美的熏陶。

(一)解題:包身工──舊社會(huì)一種變相的販賣(mài)奴隸的形式。被販賣(mài)的多是女孩子由承辦人送到工廠做工,無(wú)人身自由,所得工資全部歸承辦人所有,在這種形式下做工的人也稱包身工。包身工是指二三十年代(時(shí)間),在上海東洋紗廠里(地點(diǎn)),為外國(guó)人工作的女工(工作性質(zhì))。因?yàn)檫@些女工在進(jìn)廠時(shí)已經(jīng)簽訂了賣(mài)身契,失去了人身的自由權(quán),所以被稱為“包身工”。標(biāo)題中的“包身”二字,突出了帝國(guó)主義、封建勢(shì)力對(duì)中國(guó)女童工的殘酷剝削的罪行,控訴了他們的野蠻殘暴的統(tǒng)治手段,以激起人們的義憤和同情,這是全文的中心思想。(二)關(guān)于報(bào)告文學(xué):《包身工》屬于報(bào)告文學(xué)。(同類題材有初中的《地質(zhì)之光》、《誰(shuí)是最可愛(ài)的人》)報(bào)告文學(xué),是文學(xué)體裁的一種,散文的一類,是文藝通訊、速寫(xiě)、特寫(xiě)的總稱,是文學(xué)創(chuàng)作中的“輕騎兵”。

(4)Finally, I will ask the SS what this sentence mean:It is always calm before a storm.Purpose: attract the SS attention and bring them into discussionStep 2: Pre-reading 讀前Here, I will do the second question in pre-reading first. I will use the method of brainstorming to ask the SS what will happen before an earthquake; and list the phenomenon on the table. 2. Then I will show the SS the picture of abnormal phenomenon, at the same time, encourage the SS to describe.3、finally, I will summarize these phenomenon4、Do the first question in the pre-reading , Imaging your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. You have time to take only one thing. What will you take? Why?Purpose: help the SS to get further understanding of the topic and stimulate their interests.Step3: While-reading 閱讀(1). Skimming Read the text quickly and catch the meaning of the first and second sentence of each paragraph. Predict the meaning of new words(2).scanning(找讀)A. Read the text again. Do the following question.1. When and where were the strange things happening?2. What are they?3. Why did the text say the world seemed to be at an end?4. How was the city destroyed after the quake?5. When did the second quake hit the city? What was the result of that?6. Who came to help Tangshan first? And how?B. Work in pairs to discuss the question.

3、問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì):文化除了影響人們的交往行為和交往方式外,還影響人們的什么?4、師生總結(jié)得出結(jié)論:文化影響人們的實(shí)踐活動(dòng)、認(rèn)識(shí)活動(dòng)和思維方式。設(shè)計(jì)意圖:通過(guò)主題的指引,讓學(xué)生查閱并說(shuō)說(shuō)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的來(lái)源、傳說(shuō)和意義。這是基于豐富課程資源的設(shè)計(jì),將生活和學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域的多種資源納入課程的范疇,在活動(dòng)中自主建構(gòu)知識(shí),并在教師的引導(dǎo)下,提高分析和解決問(wèn)題能力,培養(yǎng)熱愛(ài)祖國(guó)的思想感情,突破本框題第二個(gè)重點(diǎn)。過(guò)渡設(shè)問(wèn):文化對(duì)人影響有什么特點(diǎn)?設(shè)計(jì)意圖:通過(guò)問(wèn)題提示,集中學(xué)生的注意力,導(dǎo)入下一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)的教學(xué)。環(huán)節(jié)三:文化對(duì)人潛移默化的影響。教案:1、多媒體播放“孟母三遷”故事動(dòng)畫(huà)片。2、討論問(wèn)題:“孟母三遷”的故事給我們什么啟示?3、師生總結(jié)得出結(jié)論:文化對(duì)人具有潛移默化的影響。設(shè)計(jì)意圖:“孟母三遷”的故事學(xué)生比較熟悉,而且這個(gè)故事的思想教育性較強(qiáng)。

1.播放歌曲錄音,導(dǎo)入教學(xué)。可讓學(xué)生談?wù)勛约簩?duì)這首作品的感受?! ?.教師介紹歌曲的出處。簡(jiǎn)要介紹歌劇《傲蕾一蘭》的主要內(nèi)容,并播放歌劇片段,讓學(xué)生深刻感受歌曲的意境。 3.播放范唱錄音或教師范唱?! ?.讓學(xué)生跟著錄音或在鋼琴伴奏下輕聲哼唱第一段歌譜,要注意唱準(zhǔn)附點(diǎn)音符、十六分音符以及重音的位置?! ?.唱熟第一段曲譜后,填詞演唱。 6.教師教唱第二段曲譜,依次學(xué)習(xí)兩個(gè)聲部,唱熟后,可用鋼琴?gòu)椧粋€(gè)聲部唱一個(gè)聲部?! ?.教師可將全班分為兩個(gè)部分,分別演唱兩個(gè)聲部并互換聲部練習(xí)。練習(xí)時(shí)要注意音準(zhǔn)以及聲音的和諧。

【參考】“滄海月明珠有淚,藍(lán)田日暖玉生煙?!睖婧V械恼渲橹挥性诿髟轮?,才能流下晶瑩的淚花;藍(lán)田下的美玉只有在日暖之時(shí),才能升騰飄逸的煙霞。物猶如此,人當(dāng)如是。“滄海月明”與“藍(lán)田日暖”優(yōu)美意境的創(chuàng)設(shè),不僅僅是詩(shī)人精妙絕倫藝術(shù)素養(yǎng)的表現(xiàn)和揮灑,更是詩(shī)人回答人生價(jià)值的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和尺度。詩(shī)人以物推人,拓展深化了詩(shī)作的主題,整篇的閃光點(diǎn)在此,魂亦在此?!緟⒖肌俊按饲榭纱勺窇洠皇钱?dāng)時(shí)已惘然?!弊窇涍^(guò)去,盡管自己以一顆浸滿血淚的真誠(chéng)之心,付出巨大的努力,去追求美好的人生理想,可“五十弦”如玉的歲月、如珠的年華,值得珍惜之時(shí)卻等閑而過(guò);面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí):戀人生離、愛(ài)妻死別、盛年已逝、抱負(fù)難展、功業(yè)未建……,幡醒悟之日已風(fēng)光不再。如泣如訴的悲劇式結(jié)問(wèn),又讓詩(shī)人重新回到對(duì)“人生價(jià)值到底是什么?到底該怎樣實(shí)現(xiàn)?”深深的思考和迷惑之中,大大增強(qiáng)了詩(shī)作的震撼力。

(幻燈六)巴金作品《家》描寫(xiě)的是“五四”之后,成都地區(qū)一個(gè)封建大家庭走向崩潰的故事。故事集中在1920年冬到1921年秋的八九個(gè)月時(shí)間里。成都的一個(gè)官僚地主家庭高公館,一家之主的高老太爺,封建專制,頑固不化。長(zhǎng)房長(zhǎng)孫覺(jué)新,為人厚道,卻很軟弱,原與梅表姐相愛(ài),后屈從于老太爺之命而與李瑞玨結(jié)婚。后來(lái)梅和瑞玨雙雙慘死。覺(jué)新的胞弟覺(jué)民、覺(jué)慧積極參加愛(ài)國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng),從而和馮公館的馮樂(lè)山成了死對(duì)頭。覺(jué)民愛(ài)上琴,馮樂(lè)山卻要他娶自己的侄孫女,在覺(jué)民覺(jué)慧的反抗下,他們終于取得勝利。覺(jué)慧愛(ài)上聰明伶俐的婢女鳴鳳,但馮樂(lè)山卻指名要娶鳴鳳為妾,鳴鳳堅(jiān)決不從,投湖自盡…至此,覺(jué)新有所覺(jué)醒,而覺(jué)慧則毅然脫離家庭,投身革命。(故事主要以高家三兄弟的愛(ài)情遭際為線索。)

2、黛玉進(jìn)入賈府到賈母處,她看到了什么?提示:從榮府西角門(mén)進(jìn)去,走“一射之地”,轉(zhuǎn)至垂花門(mén),過(guò)穿堂,繞插屏,再經(jīng)三間過(guò)廳,后面方是賈母居住的正房大院。“正面五間上房,皆雕梁畫(huà)棟,兩邊穿山游廊廂房,掛著各色鸚鵡、畫(huà)眉等鳥(niǎo)雀?!边@樣穿堂過(guò)廳一路行來(lái),仆役、婆子、丫環(huán)輪番更換,的確給人以侯門(mén)深似海的感覺(jué)。然而賈母居處還不是正內(nèi)室。3、黛玉去拜見(jiàn)二舅舅時(shí)又看到什么?提示:往東。“穿過(guò)一個(gè)東西的穿堂,向南大廳之后,儀門(mén)內(nèi)大院落,上面五間大正房,兩邊廂房鹿頂耳房鉆山,四通八達(dá),軒昂壯麗”。堂屋中迎面“一個(gè)赤金九龍青地大匾,匾上寫(xiě)著斗大的三個(gè)大字,是‘榮禧堂’,后有一行小字:‘某年月日,書(shū)賜榮國(guó)公賈源’,又有‘萬(wàn)幾宸翰之寶’。”屋內(nèi)擺設(shè)有名貴的家具,珍貴的字畫(huà)、古玩。“又有一副對(duì)聯(lián),乃烏木聯(lián)牌,鑲著鏨銀的字跡,道是:座上珠譏昭日月,堂前黼黻煥煙霞。”由堂屋進(jìn)入東耳房,這里是起居室,另有一番布置,再到東廊三間小正房王夫人的住室,又別有擺設(shè)。

新的《幼兒園教育綱要》指出:“教師應(yīng)成為幼兒學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)的支持者、合作者、引導(dǎo)者”。活動(dòng)中應(yīng)力求形成合作探究式的師生互動(dòng)、生生互動(dòng)。因此,活動(dòng)中除了以積極飽滿的情緒影響孩子外,我精選了以下幾種教學(xué)方法:1.根據(jù)幼兒的具體形象思維占主要地位的特點(diǎn)和幼兒語(yǔ)言發(fā)展的特點(diǎn),我采用視聽(tīng)唱法,引導(dǎo)幼兒在觀察生動(dòng)形象的圖片,充分地刺激幼兒的視覺(jué),用語(yǔ)言和音樂(lè)熏陶幫助他們輕松地理解歌曲內(nèi)容,熟悉歌曲旋律。2.根據(jù)“先行組織者理論”,采用難點(diǎn)前置的方法,引導(dǎo)幼兒感知歌曲的強(qiáng)弱節(jié)奏,并分段學(xué)唱。從幼兒熟悉的雷聲、蛙聲入手,引導(dǎo)幼兒感受三拍子的強(qiáng)弱節(jié)奏,同時(shí)熟悉歌曲旋律,學(xué)唱歌曲。

教歌曲的方法不能公式化,方法要為目標(biāo)服務(wù),因此根據(jù)歌曲的特點(diǎn)及幼兒的具體情況,運(yùn)用了游戲法和直觀法,最終達(dá)到教學(xué)目的,培養(yǎng)了幼兒音樂(lè)感受力,音樂(lè)想象力,音樂(lè)記憶力。游戲法在幼兒學(xué)習(xí)中起著重要的動(dòng)力作用。讓幼兒在學(xué)中玩、玩中學(xué),則不會(huì)使幼兒感到枯燥無(wú)味,同時(shí)讓幼兒體驗(yàn)在集體活動(dòng)中的樂(lè)趣。老師通過(guò)設(shè)置疑問(wèn),配以色彩鮮艷的圖片,把幼兒帶入一個(gè)詼諧有趣的場(chǎng)景中;視聽(tīng)的結(jié)合,有助于幼兒理解歌曲的內(nèi)容,老師的整體教學(xué)法及分段教學(xué)法加深了幼兒對(duì)歌曲的印象,進(jìn)一步學(xué)唱整首歌曲,而在表演歌曲中,老師引導(dǎo)幼兒發(fā)揮想象力及感受力,讓幼兒通過(guò)自己的理解來(lái)表現(xiàn)歌曲的風(fēng)趣,同時(shí)也提供給幼兒一個(gè)自我表現(xiàn)的機(jī)會(huì)。

當(dāng)代教育論認(rèn)為教育過(guò)程就是師生交往積極互動(dòng),共同發(fā)展的過(guò)程。師幼互動(dòng)是本活動(dòng)的教法學(xué)法的最大特點(diǎn),一方面,幼兒是音樂(lè)活動(dòng)的探索者、學(xué)習(xí)者和創(chuàng)造者,幼兒帶著對(duì)音樂(lè)的熱愛(ài)、帶著對(duì)音樂(lè)教育活動(dòng)的期盼、帶著各種各樣的問(wèn)題和挑戰(zhàn),主動(dòng)積極地參與到音樂(lè)活動(dòng)中,自由地與音樂(lè)交流、大膽地表現(xiàn)自己對(duì)音樂(lè)的理解與體驗(yàn)并主動(dòng)與老師溝通汲取教師經(jīng)驗(yàn)獲得教師的支持、幫助與鼓勵(lì)。另一方面,教師是幼兒主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)的引導(dǎo)者、支持者與促進(jìn)者,也是幼兒音樂(lè)表現(xiàn)和藝術(shù)創(chuàng)造活動(dòng)的發(fā)現(xiàn)者、欣賞者、學(xué)習(xí)者。教師帶著欣喜、期望自覺(jué)不自覺(jué)地把暗含的期望傳遞給幼兒,從而有效地激發(fā)幼兒音樂(lè)學(xué)習(xí)和探索的動(dòng)機(jī)興趣,體驗(yàn)音樂(lè)學(xué)習(xí)和表達(dá)的快樂(lè)及其由此引起的喜悅、實(shí)現(xiàn)音樂(lè)教育對(duì)幼兒情感、個(gè)性、社會(huì)性的發(fā)展作用。

活動(dòng)目標(biāo)是教育活動(dòng)的起點(diǎn)和歸宿,對(duì)活動(dòng)起著導(dǎo)向作用,根據(jù)中班幼兒年齡特征和認(rèn)知水平,結(jié)合所選教材內(nèi)容,我制定了本次活動(dòng)的目標(biāo)為:1.通過(guò)畫(huà)面理解兒歌內(nèi)容,念唱兒歌,感受春節(jié)看花燈的熱鬧場(chǎng)景。2.愿意主動(dòng)在集體面前朗誦,聲音響亮。重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn):一個(gè)活動(dòng)當(dāng)中最能體現(xiàn)活動(dòng)目標(biāo)的部分便是活動(dòng)的重點(diǎn)部分,如果抓住重點(diǎn)就能使整個(gè)活動(dòng)的進(jìn)程有的放矢,并且合理安排活動(dòng)時(shí)間及順序。本次活動(dòng)的重點(diǎn)也是活動(dòng)的難點(diǎn):通過(guò)畫(huà)面理解兒歌內(nèi)容,念唱兒歌,感受春節(jié)看花燈的熱鬧場(chǎng)景。
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