
4、主旨 哪一聯(lián)明確地點(diǎn)明全詩題旨?表達(dá)了作者的什么感情?試做分析 頸聯(lián)。 菊花開在秋天,所以這 “ 叢菊 ” 回應(yīng)了詩題中那個(gè) “ 秋 ” 字。 “ 他日 ” 可以指過去也可以指未來,在這里是指過去?!皡簿諆砷_”,指詩人于 765 年離開成都,原打算很快出峽,但這年留居云安,次年又留居夔州,見到叢菊開了兩次,還未出峽,故對(duì)菊掉淚。秋菊兩度盛開,使詩人再次灑下往日流過的眼淚?!伴_”字雙關(guān),一謂菊花開,又言淚眼隨之開。此時(shí)他仍然滯留在他鄉(xiāng),他始終沒有放棄回鄉(xiāng)的打算。孤舟可以系住,使其不能泛諸中流,但詩人的心是系不住的。他的心早已越過江河,越過關(guān)山,飛到了長(zhǎng)安。所以,一葉靠岸系繩的孤舟,始終都牽動(dòng)著詩人的故園之思。這一聯(lián)是全篇詩意所在。孤舟本來只能系住自己的行蹤,卻把詩人的思鄉(xiāng)之心也牢牢地系住了,故見舟傷心,引出故園之思,表現(xiàn)出思鄉(xiāng)之情的深沉濃烈和欲歸不得的無奈與凄傷,為文章的主旨句。

5、弊端:(1)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不均衡,片面發(fā)展重工業(yè),使輕工業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)長(zhǎng)期處于落后狀態(tài);(2)對(duì)農(nóng)民的剝奪太重,挫傷了農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)積極性;(3)長(zhǎng)期執(zhí)行指令性計(jì)劃嚴(yán)重削弱了企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)自主權(quán),不利于發(fā)揮企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)積極性,制約了蘇聯(lián)經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。(4)計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)體制確立后,沒有隨著社會(huì)的變化進(jìn)行調(diào)整,二戰(zhàn)后逐漸僵化,喪失了自我完善的功能,成為蘇聯(lián)解體的重要因素?!竞献魈骄俊克勾罅帜J降脑u(píng)價(jià)及經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn):積極:①使蘇聯(lián)迅速實(shí)現(xiàn)了 工業(yè)化②蘇聯(lián)經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力的迅速增長(zhǎng),為反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的勝利奠定了 物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ) 。消極:①政治:高度集權(quán),破壞了 民主與法制 ; ②經(jīng)濟(jì):優(yōu)先發(fā)展重工業(yè)使 農(nóng)業(yè)和輕工業(yè)長(zhǎng)期處于落后狀態(tài),農(nóng)民生產(chǎn)積極性不高;計(jì)劃指令,壓制了地方和企業(yè)的積極性,阻礙蘇聯(lián)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展高度集中的計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)體制,成為東歐劇變和蘇聯(lián)解體的重要原因。

戰(zhàn)國(guó)陰陽五行家鄒衍認(rèn)為,歷史中的朝代更替是由于五德運(yùn)行產(chǎn)生的影響。按照鄒衍的學(xué)說,每個(gè)朝代必須與五德之一相連,因此,這個(gè)朝代就應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循這五德之一的要求來運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。董仲舒修改了這個(gè)理論,認(rèn)為朝代的更替不是依循五德運(yùn)行的順序,而是依循“三統(tǒng)”,即黑統(tǒng)、白統(tǒng)、赤統(tǒng)的順序。他在《三代改制質(zhì)文》中說:每個(gè)朝代都依循一統(tǒng),每統(tǒng)又各有其為政的系統(tǒng)。按董仲舒的說法,夏朝代表黑統(tǒng),商朝代表白統(tǒng);周朝則是赤統(tǒng)。夏、商、周三朝完成了這一歷史循環(huán)。之后,歷史又開始一次新的循環(huán),新的朝代又應(yīng)當(dāng)代表黑統(tǒng)。繼承周朝統(tǒng)治的既不是秦朝,也不是漢朝,而是孔子,他承受天命,創(chuàng)立了黑統(tǒng)。孔子所受天命,不是一種“法統(tǒng)”,而是一種“道統(tǒng)”。董仲舒說:“《春秋》大一統(tǒng)者,天地之常經(jīng),古今之通誼也。今師異道,人異論,百家殊方,指意不同,是以上亡以持一統(tǒng);法制數(shù)變,下不知所守。臣愚以為諸不在六藝之科孔子之術(shù)者,皆絕其道,勿使并進(jìn)。邪辟之說滅息,然后統(tǒng)紀(jì)可一而法度可明,民知所從矣?!?/p>

一、教材分析《民主監(jiān)督:守望公共家園》是高一政治必修2第一單元第二課第四框題。在此之前,學(xué)生們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了公民所享有的政治權(quán)利和自由,了解到公民享有監(jiān)督權(quán),這為過渡到本框題的學(xué)習(xí)起到了鋪墊的作用。本框題承接了教材第一課“公民的政治權(quán)利和自由”這部分內(nèi)容,又為后面第四課“權(quán)力的行使:需要監(jiān)督”的學(xué)習(xí)埋下伏筆。所以學(xué)好這個(gè)框題為學(xué)好以后的政治常識(shí)打下牢固的基礎(chǔ),而且它在整個(gè)教材中也起到了承上啟下的作用。二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)(一)知識(shí)目標(biāo)1、識(shí)記公民的民主監(jiān)督權(quán)利、作用2、理解公民的民主監(jiān)督的重要性。3、學(xué)會(huì)分析如何行使監(jiān)督權(quán)(二)能力目標(biāo)通過學(xué)習(xí)逐步形成民主監(jiān)督能力。(三)情感、態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀目標(biāo)通過學(xué)習(xí)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生主人翁責(zé)任感。三、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn):公民的民主監(jiān)督權(quán)利、作用、重要性。難點(diǎn):民主監(jiān)督的重要性

【教學(xué)目標(biāo)與核心素養(yǎng)】1. Instruct students to get main facts by listening and motivate them to talk about the topics about how to prepare for the trip and make reservations by listening and ultimately can make travel arrangements and reservations. 2. Develop students’ sense of cooperative learning and individual thinking capability. 3. Develop students’ different listening skills to solve different listening comprehensive problems.4. Help students to understand how to use the structures “the present continuous tense (be doing) is used to express future plans.【教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)】1. Teach students how to focus on key words, not on single words or grammar.2. Prompt Ss to talk about the related topics, such as how to prepare for the trip and make a travel plan.【教學(xué)過程】Step 1: Listening and SpeakingLead inThe teacher is advised to talk with their students about the places that they want to travel most both at home and abroad: boys and girls, if you have a chance to travel around the world, where will you go? After their small talk, the teacher can move on by finishing the following listening task:Before travelling, what do we need to prepare for the trip?

1. 表示時(shí)間。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示結(jié)果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示條件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示讓步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語時(shí), 如所提供的動(dòng)詞不能和句子中的主語保持一致, 動(dòng)詞-ing形式必須有自己的邏輯主語, 通常由名詞或代詞來擔(dān)任, 這就是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的邏輯主語是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的邏輯主語是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.

Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.

The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.

1. 這個(gè)寓言是一個(gè)關(guān)于一位國(guó)王古寓言。 The fable is an old fable about a king.2.作者用這個(gè)故事讓讀者對(duì)于社區(qū)的問題負(fù)有個(gè)人責(zé)任的必要印象深刻。The author used the story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.3. 這個(gè)故事十分成功的實(shí)現(xiàn)了它的目的。The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose.Step 7 WritingPlease write a review of the story according the outline above.The fable is an old fable about a king who thought his people are lazy, so he put a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waited to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community. The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose, and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However, while the moral of the story is clear, the actions of the king seemed pointless to me, because none of the characters in the story learnt anything. For this reason, I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people with the need for personal responsibility.Step 8 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer give a short description of the story ?2. Does the description include the most important details of the story ?3. Does the writer give his or her opinion about the character or their actions ?4. Is the review well-organised ? 5. Does the writer use the -ing form as the adverbial correctly in the writing ?6. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors ?Step 9 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.

本章通過學(xué)習(xí)用二分法求方程近似解的的方法,使學(xué)生體會(huì)函數(shù)與方程之間的關(guān)系,通過一些函數(shù)模型的實(shí)例,讓學(xué)生感受建立函數(shù)模型的過程和方法,體會(huì)函數(shù)在數(shù)學(xué)和其他學(xué)科中的廣泛應(yīng)用,進(jìn)一步認(rèn)識(shí)到函數(shù)是描述客觀世界變化規(guī)律的基本數(shù)學(xué)模型,能初步運(yùn)用函數(shù)思想解決一些生活中的簡(jiǎn)單問題。1.了解函數(shù)的零點(diǎn)、方程的根與圖象交點(diǎn)三者之間的聯(lián)系.2.會(huì)借助零點(diǎn)存在性定理判斷函數(shù)的零點(diǎn)所在的大致區(qū)間.3.能借助函數(shù)單調(diào)性及圖象判斷零點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù).?dāng)?shù)學(xué)學(xué)科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:函數(shù)零點(diǎn)的概念;2.邏輯推理:借助圖像判斷零點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù);3.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算:求函數(shù)零點(diǎn)或零點(diǎn)所在區(qū)間;4.數(shù)學(xué)建模:通過由抽象到具體,由具體到一般的思想總結(jié)函數(shù)零點(diǎn)概念.重點(diǎn):零點(diǎn)的概念,及零點(diǎn)與方程根的聯(lián)系;難點(diǎn):零點(diǎn)的概念的形成.

知識(shí)目標(biāo)1.了解傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)區(qū)的分布、條件和工業(yè)部門。2.掌握傳統(tǒng)的魯爾工業(yè)區(qū)優(yōu)越的區(qū)位條件,了解它的衰落原因及其綜合整治途徑。能力目標(biāo)1.讀圖分析礦產(chǎn)資源與工業(yè)部門之間的聯(lián)系,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的地理思維能力、綜合分析能力,明確工業(yè)生產(chǎn)也應(yīng)因地制宜。2.聯(lián)系實(shí)際,了解當(dāng)?shù)貍鹘y(tǒng)工業(yè)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,為適應(yīng)當(dāng)今世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,應(yīng)有哪些改善措施,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新能力。德育目標(biāo)1.通過了解魯爾區(qū)的發(fā)展變化,用發(fā)展的觀點(diǎn)看待傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)區(qū)的改造,適應(yīng)世界發(fā)展潮流。2.中國(guó)已經(jīng)“入世”,我們應(yīng)用辯證唯物主義觀點(diǎn)分析我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)今后遇到的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)。

為城市居民提供休養(yǎng)生息的場(chǎng)所,是城市最基本的功能區(qū).城市中最為廣泛的土地利用方式就是住宅用地.一般住宅區(qū)占據(jù)城市空間的40%—60%。(閱讀圖2.3)請(qǐng)同學(xué)講解高級(jí)住宅區(qū)與低級(jí)住宅區(qū)的差別(學(xué)生答)(教師總結(jié))(教師講解)另外還有行政區(qū)、文化區(qū)等。而在中小城市,這些部門占地面積很小,或者布局分散,形成不了相應(yīng)的功能 區(qū)。(教師提問)我們把城市功能區(qū)分了好幾種,比如說住宅區(qū),是不是土地都是被居住地占據(jù)呢?是不是就沒有其他的功能了呢?(學(xué)生回答)不是(教師總結(jié))不是的。我們說的住宅區(qū)只是在占地面積上,它是占絕大多數(shù),但還是有土地是被其它功能占據(jù)的,比如說住宅區(qū)里的商店、綠化等也要占據(jù)一定的土地, 只是占的比例比較小而已。下面請(qǐng)看書上的活動(dòng)題。

本節(jié)主要內(nèi)容是三角函數(shù)的誘導(dǎo)公式中的公式二至公式六,其推導(dǎo)過程中涉及到對(duì)稱變換,充分體現(xiàn)對(duì)稱變換思想在數(shù)學(xué)中的應(yīng)用,在練習(xí)中加以應(yīng)用,讓學(xué)生進(jìn)一步體會(huì) 的任意性;綜合六組誘導(dǎo)公式總結(jié)出記憶誘導(dǎo)公式的口訣:“奇變偶不變,符號(hào)看象限”,了解從特殊到一般的數(shù)學(xué)思想的探究過程,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生用聯(lián)系、變化的辯證唯物主義觀點(diǎn)去分析問題的能力。誘導(dǎo)公式在三角函數(shù)化簡(jiǎn)、求值中具有非常重要的工具作用,要求學(xué)生能熟練的掌握和應(yīng)用。課程目標(biāo)1.借助單位圓,推導(dǎo)出正弦、余弦第二、三、四、五、六組的誘導(dǎo)公式,能正確運(yùn)用誘導(dǎo)公式將任意角的三角函數(shù)化為銳角的三角函數(shù),并解決有關(guān)三角函數(shù)求值、化簡(jiǎn)和恒等式證明問題2.通過公式的應(yīng)用,了解未知到已知、復(fù)雜到簡(jiǎn)單的轉(zhuǎn)化過程,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的化歸思想,以及信息加工能力、運(yùn)算推理能力、分析問題和解決問題的能力。

《奇偶性》內(nèi)容選自人教版A版第一冊(cè)第三章第三節(jié)第二課時(shí);函數(shù)奇偶性是研究函數(shù)的一個(gè)重要策略,因此奇偶性成為函數(shù)的重要性質(zhì)之一,它的研究也為今后指對(duì)函數(shù)、冪函數(shù)、三角函數(shù)的性質(zhì)等后續(xù)內(nèi)容的深入起著鋪墊的作用.課程目標(biāo)1、理解函數(shù)的奇偶性及其幾何意義;2、學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用函數(shù)圖象理解和研究函數(shù)的性質(zhì);3、學(xué)會(huì)判斷函數(shù)的奇偶性.?dāng)?shù)學(xué)學(xué)科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:用數(shù)學(xué)語言表示函數(shù)奇偶性;2.邏輯推理:證明函數(shù)奇偶性;3.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算:運(yùn)用函數(shù)奇偶性求參數(shù);4.數(shù)據(jù)分析:利用圖像求奇偶函數(shù);5.數(shù)學(xué)建模:在具體問題情境中,運(yùn)用數(shù)形結(jié)合思想,利用奇偶性解決實(shí)際問題。重點(diǎn):函數(shù)奇偶性概念的形成和函數(shù)奇偶性的判斷;難點(diǎn):函數(shù)奇偶性概念的探究與理解.教學(xué)方法:以學(xué)生為主體,采用誘思探究式教學(xué),精講多練。

《基本不等式》在人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)第一冊(cè)第二章第2節(jié),本節(jié)課的內(nèi)容是基本不等式的形式以及推導(dǎo)和證明過程。本章一直在研究不等式的相關(guān)問題,對(duì)于本節(jié)課的知識(shí)點(diǎn)有了很好的鋪墊作用。同時(shí)本節(jié)課的內(nèi)容也是之后基本不等式應(yīng)用的必要基礎(chǔ)。課程目標(biāo)1.掌握基本不等式的形式以及推導(dǎo)過程,會(huì)用基本不等式解決簡(jiǎn)單問題。2.經(jīng)歷基本不等式的推導(dǎo)與證明過程,提升邏輯推理能力。3.在猜想論證的過程中,體會(huì)數(shù)學(xué)的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性。數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:基本不等式的形式以及推導(dǎo)過程;2.邏輯推理:基本不等式的證明;3.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算:利用基本不等式求最值;4.數(shù)據(jù)分析:利用基本不等式解決實(shí)際問題;5.數(shù)學(xué)建模:利用函數(shù)的思想和基本不等式解決實(shí)際問題,提升學(xué)生的邏輯推理能力。重點(diǎn):基本不等式的形成以及推導(dǎo)過程和利用基本不等式求最值;難點(diǎn):基本不等式的推導(dǎo)以及證明過程.

學(xué)生在初中學(xué)習(xí)了 ~ ,但是現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中隨處可見超出 ~ 范圍的角.例如體操中有“前空翻轉(zhuǎn)體 ”,且主動(dòng)輪和被動(dòng)輪的旋轉(zhuǎn)方向不一致.因此為了準(zhǔn)確描述這些現(xiàn)象,本節(jié)課主要就旋轉(zhuǎn)度數(shù)和旋轉(zhuǎn)方向?qū)堑母拍钸M(jìn)行推廣.課程目標(biāo)1.了解任意角的概念.2.理解象限角的概念及終邊相同的角的含義.3.掌握判斷象限角及表示終邊相同的角的方法.?dāng)?shù)學(xué)學(xué)科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:理解任意角的概念,能區(qū)分各類角;2.邏輯推理:求區(qū)域角;3.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算:會(huì)判斷象限角及終邊相同的角.重點(diǎn):理解象限角的概念及終邊相同的角的含義;難點(diǎn):掌握判斷象限角及表示終邊相同的角的方法.教學(xué)方法:以學(xué)生為主體,采用誘思探究式教學(xué),精講多練。教學(xué)工具:多媒體。一、 情景導(dǎo)入初中對(duì)角的定義是:射線OA繞端點(diǎn)O按逆時(shí)針方向旋轉(zhuǎn)一周回到起始位置,在這個(gè)過程中可以得到 ~ 范圍內(nèi)的角.但是現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中隨處可見超出 ~ 范圍的角.例如體操中有“前空翻轉(zhuǎn)體 ”,且主動(dòng)輪和被動(dòng)輪的旋轉(zhuǎn)方向不一致.

一、教材分析 《真正的哲學(xué)都是自己時(shí)代精神上的精華》是人教版高中政治必修四第3章第1框的教學(xué)內(nèi)容,主要學(xué)習(xí)哲學(xué)與時(shí)代的關(guān)系。二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.知識(shí)目標(biāo):識(shí)記哲學(xué)是時(shí)代的精神上的精華;理解哲學(xué)與時(shí)代的關(guān)系。2.能力目標(biāo):培養(yǎng)學(xué)生運(yùn)用哲學(xué)理論觀察、分析、處理社會(huì)問題的能力,增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的時(shí)代感。3.情感、態(tài)度和價(jià)值觀目標(biāo):培養(yǎng)學(xué)生與時(shí)俱進(jìn)的思想品質(zhì),讓學(xué)生關(guān)注時(shí)代、關(guān)注現(xiàn)實(shí)、關(guān)注生活,逐步樹立科學(xué)的世界觀、人生觀、價(jià)值觀 。三、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)哲學(xué)與時(shí)代的關(guān)系。四、學(xué)情分析本框題的內(nèi)容比較抽象,不易理解,所以講解時(shí)需要詳細(xì)。教師指導(dǎo)學(xué)生借助歷史知識(shí)進(jìn)行理解。五、教學(xué)方法1.教師啟發(fā)、引導(dǎo),學(xué)生自主閱讀、思考,討論、交流學(xué)習(xí)成果。2.學(xué)案導(dǎo)學(xué):見后面的學(xué)案。3.新授課教學(xué)基本環(huán)節(jié):預(yù)習(xí)檢查、總結(jié)疑惑→情境導(dǎo)入、展示目標(biāo)→合作探究、精講點(diǎn)撥→反思總結(jié)、當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)→發(fā)導(dǎo)學(xué)案、布置預(yù)習(xí)

本節(jié)課是在學(xué)習(xí)了三角函數(shù)圖象和性質(zhì)的前提下來學(xué)習(xí)三角函數(shù)模型的簡(jiǎn)單應(yīng)用,進(jìn)一步突出函數(shù)來源于生活應(yīng)用于生活的思想,讓學(xué)生體驗(yàn)一些具有周期性變化規(guī)律的實(shí)際問題的數(shù)學(xué)“建?!彼枷?從而培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新精神和實(shí)踐能力.課程目標(biāo)1.了解三角函數(shù)是描述周期變化現(xiàn)象的重要函數(shù)模型,并會(huì)用三角函數(shù)模型解決一些簡(jiǎn)單的實(shí)際問題.2.實(shí)際問題抽象為三角函數(shù)模型. 數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科素養(yǎng)1.邏輯抽象:實(shí)際問題抽象為三角函數(shù)模型問題;2.數(shù)據(jù)分析:分析、整理、利用信息,從實(shí)際問題中抽取基本的數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系來建立數(shù)學(xué)模型; 3.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算:實(shí)際問題求解; 4.數(shù)學(xué)建模:體驗(yàn)一些具有周期性變化規(guī)律的實(shí)際問題的數(shù)學(xué)建模思想,提高學(xué)生的建模、分析問題、數(shù)形結(jié)合、抽象概括等能力.

課本從引進(jìn)函數(shù)概念開始就比較注重函數(shù)的不同表示方法:解析法,圖象法,列表法.函數(shù)的不同表示方法能豐富對(duì)函數(shù)的認(rèn)識(shí),幫助理解抽象的函數(shù)概念.特別是在信息技術(shù)環(huán)境下,可以使函數(shù)在形與數(shù)兩方面的結(jié)合得到更充分的表現(xiàn),使學(xué)生通過函數(shù)的學(xué)習(xí)更好地體會(huì)數(shù)形結(jié)合這種重要的數(shù)學(xué)思想方法.因此,在研究函數(shù)時(shí),要充分發(fā)揮圖象的直觀作用.在研究圖象時(shí),又要注意代數(shù)刻畫以求思考和表述的精確性.課本將映射作為函數(shù)的一種推廣,這與傳統(tǒng)的處理方式有了邏輯順序上的變化.這樣處理,主要是想較好地銜接初中的學(xué)習(xí),讓學(xué)生將更多的精力集中理解函數(shù)的概念,同時(shí),也體現(xiàn)了從特殊到一般的思維過程.課程目標(biāo)1、明確函數(shù)的三種表示方法;2、在實(shí)際情境中,會(huì)根據(jù)不同的需要選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)姆椒ū硎竞瘮?shù);3、通過具體實(shí)例,了解簡(jiǎn)單的分段函數(shù),并能簡(jiǎn)單應(yīng)用.

客觀世界中的各種各樣的運(yùn)動(dòng)變化現(xiàn)象均可表現(xiàn)為變量間的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,這種關(guān)系常??捎煤瘮?shù)模型來描述,并且通過研究函數(shù)模型就可以把我相應(yīng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)變化規(guī)律.課程目標(biāo)1、能夠找出簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)際問題中的函數(shù)關(guān)系式,初步體會(huì)應(yīng)用一次函數(shù)、二次函數(shù)、冪函數(shù)、分段函數(shù)模型解決實(shí)際問題; 2、感受運(yùn)用函數(shù)概念建立模型的過程和方法,體會(huì)一次函數(shù)、二次函數(shù)、冪函數(shù)、分段函數(shù)模型在數(shù)學(xué)和其他學(xué)科中的重要性. 數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:總結(jié)函數(shù)模型; 2.邏輯推理:找出簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)際問題中的函數(shù)關(guān)系式,根據(jù)題干信息寫出分段函數(shù); 3.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算:結(jié)合函數(shù)圖象或其單調(diào)性來求最值. ; 4.數(shù)據(jù)分析:二次函數(shù)通過對(duì)稱軸和定義域區(qū)間求最優(yōu)問題; 5.數(shù)學(xué)建模:在具體問題情境中,運(yùn)用數(shù)形結(jié)合思想,將自然語言用數(shù)學(xué)表達(dá)式表示出來。 重點(diǎn):運(yùn)用一次函數(shù)、二次函數(shù)、冪函數(shù)、分段函數(shù)模型的處理實(shí)際問題;難點(diǎn):運(yùn)用函數(shù)思想理解和處理現(xiàn)實(shí)生活和社會(huì)中的簡(jiǎn)單問題.
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