
四、教學(xué)方法和學(xué)法。課前學(xué)生搜集有關(guān)《詩經(jīng)》的資料必不可少。另外,時隔數(shù)千年,年代久遠(yuǎn),文字的障礙很大,然而,過分糾纏于文字的疏通會破壞詩歌的“氣”,喪失詩歌的“神”,所以在學(xué)習(xí)時,應(yīng)舍去條分縷析的理論評價,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生結(jié)合注釋疏通文字,然后引領(lǐng)他們經(jīng)由文字再現(xiàn)形象和事件,經(jīng)由形象和事件領(lǐng)略情感,感受其中濃濃的詩情。誦讀的環(huán)節(jié)是重要的,配以二胡獨(dú)奏《長相思》,營造意境,學(xué)生沉浸在音樂營造的意境中反復(fù)吟詠,讀出節(jié)奏,讀出音調(diào),讀出感情,細(xì)細(xì)體味,讓或優(yōu)或喜的情愫縈繞心間,我們就觸到了先民的靈魂。比興手法為《詩經(jīng)》獨(dú)創(chuàng),重章疊句同樣別致而新鮮,教學(xué)過程中結(jié)合具體語境讓學(xué)生自己去發(fā)現(xiàn)并進(jìn)行討論,不搞枯燥的知識傳授。還引入講故事、改寫兩種活潑的學(xué)習(xí)形式,從而達(dá)到加深理解的目的。

一、說教材1.教材分析《涉江采芙蓉》是新人教版必修二第二單元《古詩三首》中的一首?!豆旁娛攀住吩谥袊糯姼璧乃囆g(shù)手法上起著承前啟后的作用,在高中語文古詩教學(xué)中也起著承前啟后的作用。這首古體詩不論是藝術(shù)上,還是在思想上都已經(jīng)達(dá)到了十分純熟的境界。因此,它十分重要。2.說學(xué)情這首詩歌在內(nèi)容上難度不大,可以做多角度解讀。新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鼓勵學(xué)生作個性化解讀,我們可以引導(dǎo)學(xué)生就此作些探討。學(xué)生通過小學(xué)、初中的系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)和本冊古詩部分的集中學(xué)習(xí),有了一定的古詩鑒賞能力,對源遠(yuǎn)流長的中華文化也有了一些積淀,興趣漸濃,這是進(jìn)一步引導(dǎo)學(xué)生熱愛古代詩歌、學(xué)習(xí)古代詩歌的一個前提。3.教學(xué)目標(biāo)依據(jù)學(xué)生特點(diǎn),教材特色以及新課標(biāo)的要求,制定教學(xué)目標(biāo)如下:(用多媒體展示)1、了解關(guān)于《古詩十九首》的文學(xué)常識;2、感受詩歌的思想內(nèi)涵;3、運(yùn)用想象描摹詩歌的藝術(shù)畫面。

三、文本中的句子解決完畢,大家對文本內(nèi)容的理解更加深入了。請速度文本,思考:《論語》具體涉及了哪些方面的內(nèi)容,體現(xiàn)了孔子什么觀點(diǎn)?明確:主要有治學(xué)、從政、修身養(yǎng)性和交友治道等方面,體現(xiàn)了孔子“克己復(fù)禮”的思想。四、 教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生討論: 如何評價孔子的言行和觀點(diǎn)?從古至今人們對孔子有哪些評價?明確:1、春秋戰(zhàn)國時代, 孔子門人及其后學(xué)者均推尊孔子。門人中以子貢為代表,他對孔子贊美備至,奉如天人,把孔子比擬為高天、日月、木鐸,凡人是永遠(yuǎn)不可企及的,認(rèn)為孔子是天生的圣人,“仰之彌高,鉆之彌堅”。亞圣孟子認(rèn)為孔子所行的“圣人之道”是遍及自然界和社會的至高準(zhǔn)則。然而當(dāng)時民間一般看法認(rèn)為孔子是博學(xué)成名的大學(xué)者。

一.教材理解教材地位與作用:本單元“閱讀與鑒賞”部分,本單元要求學(xué)生能在了解詩歌創(chuàng)作的時代背景的情況下通過反復(fù)誦讀詩歌,把握其中豐富的意象,領(lǐng)悟詩歌獨(dú)特的意境和詩人所要表達(dá)的情感?!队晗铩肥乾F(xiàn)代派大師戴望舒的成名作和前期的代表作,他曾因此而贏得了“雨巷詩人”的雅號。本單元以《雨巷》為例子給學(xué)生展示了象征主義詩歌的特點(diǎn),《雨巷》運(yùn)用了象征性的抒情手法。詩中那狹窄陰沉的雨巷,在雨巷中徘徊的獨(dú)行者,以及那個像丁香一樣結(jié)著愁怨的姑娘,都是象征性的意象。這些意象又共同構(gòu)成了一種象征性的意境,含蓄地暗示出作者即迷惘感傷又有期待的情懷,并給人一種朦朧而又幽深的美感。富于音樂性是《雨巷》的另一個突出的藝術(shù)特色。詩中運(yùn)用了復(fù)沓、疊句、重唱等手法,造成了回環(huán)往復(fù)的旋律和宛轉(zhuǎn)悅耳的樂感。因此我把本課的教學(xué)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)確定為:教學(xué)重點(diǎn):通過反復(fù)誦讀,領(lǐng)略詩歌的音樂美以及分析其成因教學(xué)難點(diǎn):分析意象以及其象征意義初步掌握鑒賞詩歌的方法

教材地位本課具有承上啟下的作用,前承文藝復(fù)興,后啟資產(chǎn)階級革命時代的到來,啟蒙運(yùn)動為資本主義社會構(gòu)建了一套政治藍(lán)圖,具有前瞻性,是近代第二次思想解放運(yùn)動。因此,本節(jié)內(nèi)容在整個教材中有著很重要的地位。教學(xué)目標(biāo)1、知識目標(biāo):(1)幫助學(xué)生了解啟蒙運(yùn)動的性質(zhì)、內(nèi)容和主要啟蒙 思想家及其主張。(2)理解啟蒙運(yùn)動興起的背景、影響。2、能力目標(biāo):(1)在討論和探究過程中訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的科學(xué)思維方法和自主學(xué)習(xí)的能力和掌握解題的方法。(2)通過指導(dǎo)學(xué)生閱讀啟蒙思想家的言論資料,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對歷史資料的理解和歸納能力。3、情感價值目標(biāo):(1)培養(yǎng)人文意識,強(qiáng)化法治觀念。(2)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作精神和競爭意識。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)(1)教學(xué)重點(diǎn):啟蒙思想家的主張及啟蒙運(yùn)動的影響。

f.有絲分裂的意義(討論分析教學(xué)),首先引導(dǎo)學(xué)生結(jié)合所學(xué)知識討論有絲分裂的的作用,最后有教師歸納總結(jié),并要求學(xué)生在理解的基礎(chǔ)上記憶。g.無絲分裂(圖形直觀教學(xué)、簡介),本部分內(nèi)容不是教學(xué)的重點(diǎn),內(nèi)容也相對簡單,所以我的教學(xué)方法是直接給學(xué)生展示掛圖,再進(jìn)行簡短介紹,讓學(xué)生了解即可。h.引出減數(shù)分裂的概念,為第五章學(xué)習(xí)打下基礎(chǔ)。小結(jié):新課講完以后由教師對本節(jié)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)鞏固和反饋:進(jìn)行一些課堂練習(xí)達(dá)到鞏固和反饋的作用。最后布置作業(yè),各種難度的作業(yè)題目均設(shè)置一些,其中簡單題比重大,難題要求學(xué)生選作,這樣提高學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)積極性。2教學(xué)媒體程序設(shè)計: 細(xì)胞周期的概念(多媒體課件演示周期動畫)植物細(xì)胞有絲分裂(多媒體課件演示分裂各期動畫)動植物細(xì)胞有絲分裂異同點(diǎn)(多媒體課件演示分裂各期動畫)有絲分裂過程中DNA和染色體數(shù)量的變化規(guī)律(掛圖演示,包括表格和函數(shù)圖象)

(3)如何做到兼顧效率與公平?這部分知識點(diǎn)我結(jié)合上面的圖片,設(shè)疑:“請大家對這一社會現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行討論,我們?nèi)绾尾拍茏龅郊葓猿中视旨骖櫣??”?dǎo)入這部分的分析。學(xué)生在討論的過程中對如何兼顧效率與公平已經(jīng)形成了一定的見解,結(jié)合圖片,為兼顧效率與公平獻(xiàn)計獻(xiàn)策,尋求兩者的最佳結(jié)合點(diǎn)?;脽羝故荆涸鯓硬拍茏龅郊骖櫺逝c公平?第一,允許和鼓勵一部分地區(qū)和個人通過誠實(shí)勞動和合法經(jīng)營先富起來,帶動其他地區(qū)和個人致富,最終達(dá)到共同富裕。第二,既要反對平均主義,又要防止收入差距懸殊。既要落實(shí)分配政策,又要提倡奉獻(xiàn)精神;在鼓勵人們創(chuàng)業(yè)致富,提倡回報社會和先富幫后富。第三,必須正確處理初次分配注重效率與再次分配注重公平的關(guān)系。在講授過程中,還展示大量圖片。結(jié)合圖片分析。設(shè)計意圖:體現(xiàn)課堂上學(xué)生的主體地位,讓學(xué)生在觀看中體驗(yàn),在討論中升華,從而體會構(gòu)建和諧社會的重要意義。

環(huán)節(jié)四 課堂小結(jié) 鞏固知識本節(jié)課我采用線索性的板書,整個知識結(jié)構(gòu)一目了然,為了充分發(fā)揮學(xué)生在課堂的主體地位,我將課堂小結(jié)交由學(xué)生完成,請學(xué)生根據(jù)課堂學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容,結(jié)合我的板書設(shè)計來進(jìn)行小結(jié),以此來幫助教師在第一時間掌握學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)信息的反饋,同時培養(yǎng)學(xué)生歸納分析能力、概括能力。環(huán)節(jié)五 情景回歸,情感升華我的實(shí)習(xí)指導(dǎo)老師告訴過我們,政治這一門學(xué)科要從生活中來到生活去,所以在課堂的最后讓學(xué)生考察自己所在社區(qū)存在的問題,然后制定監(jiān)督方案,以此培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對理論的實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力,同時檢驗(yàn)他們對知識的真正掌握情況,以此達(dá)到情感的升華,本節(jié)課,我根據(jù)建構(gòu)主義理論,強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生是學(xué)習(xí)的中心,學(xué)生是知識意義的主動建構(gòu)者,是信息加工的主體,要強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生在課堂中的參與性、以及探究性,不僅讓他們懂得知識,更讓他們相信知識,并且將知識融入到實(shí)踐當(dāng)中去,最終達(dá)到知、情、意、行的統(tǒng)一。

(3)v. 給:提出;展現(xiàn),顯現(xiàn)present sb. with sth. ; present sth. to sb. 把. . 交給;頒發(fā);授予present sth. (for sth. )/present sth. to sb. e. g. Om his birthday, his friends presented him a collection of stamps. 在他生日時,他的朋友們送給他一套郵票作為禮物。The sword was presented by the family to the museum. 這家人把寶劍捐贈給了博物館。The committee will present the final report to Parliament in June. 委員會將在六月向議會提交最后的報告。You need to present yourself better. 你需要更善于展現(xiàn)自己。It is essential that we present a united front. 至關(guān)重要的是我們要表現(xiàn)得更加團(tuán)結(jié)。Step 4 ConsolidationT:Now that we have got a general idea of these words and phrases. Lets make up some sentences using them to master them. Suggested sentences:1. Your duties include typing letters and answering the telephone. 2. It is one of the greatest roles that she has played. 3. A large number of people have applied for the job. 4. The number of the panda is declining. 5. I'11 go there, even if I have to walk. 6. He came up to me to ask for a light. 7. The novel is about a family who can't communicate with each other. 8. He based his plan on interests of most people. 9. Why doesn't he make use of his singing talent?Step 5 Summary and homeworkT:Today we dealt with several new words and phrases. After class I hope that youcan read them again and again to keep them in mind. That's all for today. You aredismissed.

Purpose of my design:To ask the students to do these two tasks will make the Ss predict the story of this passage. As a result, it will deepen Ss’ memory of this story because they will have their own understanding of this story.Step 3. While-readingTask 1. (Individual work _____min)Skimming: ask students to skim the text and the main ideas of each paragraph in this passage. Please read it quickly and then match the sentences with the letters.Task 2. (Individual work _____min)Scanning: read the text quickly and decide the whether the following statements are true or false and give reasons.Task 3. (Pair work _____min)Listen to the tape and fill in the banks. Then read the paragraph with expression to your partner.Task4 (individual work min)Listen to the tape again and write down the main idea in one sentence.Purpose of my design: Enable students to understand the given material better by using different reading skills. And proper competition can arouse the Ss’ interest in English learning. “Task-based” teaching method is used here todevelop the Ss’ ability of communication and also their ability of co-operation will be well trainedStep 4. Post-readingTask 1. (Individual work, pair work, group work, class work; _____min)Discussion (group of 4):1. If you were Hippomenes, would you run against Atlanta?2. Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the race? Why or why not?Step 5. HomeworkPlease read the story again carefully after class and imagine: What will happen during the race between Hippomenes and Atlanta? Who do you think will win the race? Do you think Atlanta would marry Hippomenes? Write an end for the story with thses questions.Purpose of my design: Homework is so important and necessary for to master the knowledge they learned after class. It will check whether the Ss achieve the teaching aims.Part 5 Blackboard design

When it comes to the students’ studying methods, I'd like to introduce my Ss first. The Ss have a good command of basic language points. They’re interested in learning English, and they take an active part in English class, so they will have fun in autonomous, cooperative and inquiry learning. I will just serve as a guide, showing them the way to explore how to make more progress in their English learning.Now it’s time for the most important stage of this lesson. My teaching procedures are arranged as follows:Step1.Leading-in (3 minute)Play a video of a wide variety of wildlife to introduce my topic. Step2. Speaking (12 minutes)We will use our textbook Page25. Let the Ss fast read the short paragraph to warm up. Ask them to talk about the report on some endangered wildlife in China with the dialogue patterns on the screen. Lastly, I will invite some groups to demonstrate their dialogues about saving wildlife in China.Step3.English play (3 minutes)Watch another video in praise of their excellent performance just now. It’s about Jack Chen’s(成龍)and Yang Ziqiong’s wildlife protection.Step4. Listening (twice 13 minutes)This time, I’ll ask the Ss to fill in the blanks of the monologue of the 2 movie stars above. Step5.Discussion (3 minutes)Which would you like to choose to wear, clothes made of cotton, artificial leather or animal skins? Why ?Step6. Summary (3 minutes)1. If there were no wildlife, there wouldn’t exist human beings. If the buying stops, the killing can, too.2. Animals are our friends. To love animals is to love ourselves. Stop hunting, killing and destroying wildlife.3. Let’s live in harmony with all the living things in the world. Step7. Music appreciation (3 minutes)Let the Ss appreciate the song Earth Song by Michael Jackson. Last but not the least, I will show you my blackboard design.

Language learning needs a context, which can help the learners to understand the language and then can product comprehensible output, so computer has the advantages to make the materials attractive.Part 3 Learning MethodsTask-based, self-dependent and cooperative learningPart 4 Teaching ProcedureStep One Lead-in“Interest is the best teacher.” Therefore, at the very beginning of the class, I should spark the students’ mind to focus on the centre topic “the band”. I’ll show some pictures of food to attract their attention and then bring some questions.Question:What kind of food they like?What should go into a good meal?The answers must relate to the diet. After this, the students will be eager to know something about a balance diet and this is the very time to naturally lead the class into Step 2Step 2 Reading for information: skimming and scanning In this step, I use Task-based Language Teaching method, which can give students a clear and specific purpose while skimming and scanning the context.Task 1 General ideaThe students will be asked to just glance at the title and the pictures of the passage, and then guess what they will read in the text. And they’ll be divided into groups of four to have a discussion.The purpose is to inspire the students to read actively, not passively. In addition, the task is to develop the students’ reading skill by making prediction and to encourage the students to express their thoughts in English and cooperate with each other.Task 2 Main idea of each paragraphCooperative learning can raise the students’ interest and create an atmosphere of achievement. Based on this theory, I divide the whole class into 4 groups to skim the whole text and get the main idea of each paragraph.

在接下來的細(xì)讀環(huán)節(jié),我套用了高考對閱讀理解的考查方式設(shè)置了5個問題,分別為三個推理判斷題,一個細(xì)節(jié)題和一個主旨大意題。學(xué)生需要對文章的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行分析、歸納、推理、猜測等高級思維活動才能做出正確的回答?!驹O(shè)計意圖】這一過程是對學(xué)生進(jìn)行細(xì)讀的訓(xùn)練,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生獲取特定信息和挖掘文章深層次信息的能力。第三環(huán)節(jié):Intensive-reading (精讀) 15′第三個環(huán)節(jié)精讀,既是最重要的環(huán)節(jié),也是突破本課重難點(diǎn)的關(guān)鍵。首先,讓學(xué)生思考劇本中人物看到百萬英鎊前后的態(tài)度發(fā)生了怎樣的變化。其次,讓學(xué)生仔細(xì)閱讀文章,找出可以表現(xiàn)人物態(tài)度變化的具體的語言和動作。最后,讓學(xué)生總結(jié)人物的態(tài)度發(fā)生變化的根本原因是什么,從而引出Money Talks, 供學(xué)生思考?!驹O(shè)計意圖】通過一系列的活動培養(yǎng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)從人物的語言和動作探究人物的心理,使學(xué)生進(jìn)一步體會戲劇語言的魅力,從而對文章背后所反映的社會問題進(jìn)行思考,也為下一步的討論環(huán)節(jié)做好鋪墊。

In this class, I have 3 teaching aims, that is, knowledge aims, ability aims and emotion aims.1) Knowledge-Teach students new words and expressions, such as temporary, bleed,sprain choke, first aid, fall ill and so on.-Enable students to have a better understanding for some basic knowledge of first aid.2) Ability-Train students’ speaking, reading and writing abilities by different teaching activities, such as skimming, comprehending, team work, role play, retelling and writing.-Develop students’ reading strategy on how to move general idea to specific information.3) Emotion-Promote students’ awareness of giving first aid.- Cultivate students’ creativities.Then let’s come to my teaching methods and activities.III. Teaching methods and activities:To achieve different teaching aims, various kinds of teaching methods and activities will be adopted throughout this period, such as TBL (task-based learning), skimming, team work, brainstorm and others, which can offer students opportunities to fulfill tasks in which they can use language to achieve a specific outcome.IV. Teaching aids:Computer and blackboardV. Teaching important points:1) Make students have a clear mind for the structure of the text.2) Help students understand the theme of the text.VI. Teaching difficulties:1) So many new words may affect students’ understanding.2) How to get students to know about the functions of the skin and thecauses, characteristics and treatments for different degree burns,and the knowledge about giving first aid. VII. Blackboard design:

通過這個示例呢,我們可以得到解決向心力問題的一般的步驟,確定對象,找出軌跡,找出圓心,然后進(jìn)行受力分析,讓同學(xué)們參考這樣的步驟,逐步的解決圓周運(yùn)動的問題,對于變速圓周運(yùn)動,我通過鏈球運(yùn)動進(jìn)行引入,這里是一個鏈球運(yùn)動的視頻,在同學(xué)們觀看視頻之前,我給同學(xué)們提出問題,鏈球收到繩子的拉力,做的是勻速圓周運(yùn)動嗎? 然后再課堂上我們再做一個小實(shí)驗(yàn), 我們可以通過改變拉線的方式來調(diào)節(jié)小球的速度大小嗎? 那么對小球,做加速圓周運(yùn)動,進(jìn)行受力分析,我們可以看到,小球做加速運(yùn)動時,他所受到的力,并不是嚴(yán)格通過軌跡的圓心,在進(jìn)行分析的時候,特別強(qiáng)調(diào),小桶所受力的切線方向分力,和法線方向分力,切線方向分力,改變小球運(yùn)動速度大小,法線方向分力,改變了小球運(yùn)動的方向,法線方向的分力,在這里就是向心力,產(chǎn)生了向心加速度,通過這樣一個例子進(jìn)行分析,同學(xué)們是比較容易理解的,

“深入探究,把握主旨”這一步則是解決教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn),這里涉及到課文的深層意蘊(yùn),學(xué)生理解有難度,教師在通過問題引領(lǐng)學(xué)生探討的基礎(chǔ)上,還要適時啟發(fā)、點(diǎn)撥,因?yàn)榻虒W(xué)時間有限,讓學(xué)生漫無邊際的討論,可能難以完成預(yù)定的教學(xué)任務(wù),會使教學(xué)過程不完整。至于本文的寫作特點(diǎn)的教學(xué)視時間而定,有時間可以讓學(xué)生說一說,沒有時間用小黑板出示一下,讓學(xué)生了解就行,如果時間不夠,甚至可以不講。第三階段是“延伸練習(xí),鞏固提高”。

探究、討論、交流:1、包弟討人喜歡,作者卻不得不將它送走,為什么?2、送走包弟后,作者為什么先是感覺輕松,隨后覺得沉重?3、“您的小狗怎樣?”這句話反復(fù)出現(xiàn),有什么用意?4、“整整十三年零五個月過去了”“整整”一詞有什么作用?5、“滿園的創(chuàng)傷使我的心仿佛又給放在油鍋里熬煎”這句話如何理解?6、“我懷念包弟,我想向它表示歉意。”如何理解?學(xué)生各抒己見后教師結(jié)合材料發(fā)表看法明確總結(jié)特別是最后一個問題得出作者這發(fā)之心底的語言,不僅僅是歉意,更是發(fā)自靈魂深處的懺悔!是對生命的尊重,是一個有良知的作家對反省歷史的呼號。第三環(huán)節(jié)“認(rèn)識你自己”——懺悔意識與我引導(dǎo)學(xué)生正視和反省成長過程中曾犯下過錯。并布置課后作業(yè):要求學(xué)生課后在本周隨筆中談反省懺悔后的感受。

學(xué)法指導(dǎo):高一學(xué)生對文言文閱讀已具備了一些基礎(chǔ)知識和積累,但對如何學(xué)習(xí)文言文,還是一個新課題,因此教師應(yīng)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生掌握學(xué)習(xí)方法,運(yùn)用已有的知識框架同化新信息,建立新的智能,逐步走向獨(dú)立學(xué)習(xí)的境界。一、引導(dǎo)學(xué)生利用課文注釋,使用工具書自己翻譯,必要時教師進(jìn)行點(diǎn)撥、解難,培養(yǎng)自學(xué)能力。二、告訴學(xué)生翻譯文言文要遵循的原則。三、調(diào)動學(xué)生思考、討論、交流的積極性,教師適時點(diǎn)撥,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、解決問題的能力。四、提示學(xué)生反復(fù)誦讀課文,體會文章所闡述的道理。五、鼓勵學(xué)生及時歸納學(xué)習(xí)文言文的方法,注意積累文言文知識。教學(xué)程序:教學(xué)本課可安排2課時。第一課時:1、導(dǎo)入新課:首先給學(xué)生介紹毛澤東的七絕詩《為李進(jìn)同志題所攝廬山仙人洞照》:“暮色蒼??磩潘桑瑏y云飛渡仍從容。天生一個仙人洞,無限風(fēng)光在險峰。”學(xué)生通過誦讀領(lǐng)會了“無限風(fēng)光在險峰”一句的含義。隨后因勢利導(dǎo),引出課題,指出今天我們要學(xué)習(xí)的王安石的《游褒禪山記》,就含有類似的深邃哲理。

一、導(dǎo)入新課人類社會越來越現(xiàn)代化,新科學(xué)技術(shù)日新月異,令人目不暇接,稱之到了“知識爆炸”的時代也毫不為過。由此而來的是生活的快節(jié)奏,學(xué)習(xí)和工作的競爭也越來越激烈。這種競爭一直波及到了兒童,加之中國幾千年來形成的望子成龍的傳統(tǒng)觀念,使作父母的把一切希望都寄托在孩子身上,實(shí)現(xiàn)自己未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的理想。祖孫三代4、2、1的局面,使12只眼睛都盯在了孩子身上,真是走路怕摔著,吃飯怕噎著,干活怕累著,要星星不敢摘月亮,要吃什么跑遍全城也要買來。這種過分保護(hù)、溺愛及過早地灌輸知識會得到什么結(jié)果呢?樂觀者說孩子越來越聰明,越來越早熟,將來能更好適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代化的要求;悲觀者則認(rèn)為豆芽菜式的孩子將來經(jīng)不起風(fēng)浪,小皇帝太多了很難凝聚成統(tǒng)一力量,將來誰去當(dāng)兵,誰去干那些艱苦創(chuàng)業(yè)性工作……。對孩子本身來說,是幸福還是……在此不想多發(fā)議論,還是讓我們來看看動物世界的孩子們吧,也許會得到某種啟迪。

我以以《登高》為例,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行意象分析,感悟意境美。古人云“立象以盡意”“古詩之妙,專求意象”意象是詩人情感的載體,是詩歌的靈魂。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生張開聯(lián)想和想象的翅膀去感受,去體驗(yàn)是意象,詩歌鑒賞的關(guān)鍵??屏治榈抡f“真正藝術(shù)的作品,不是看見的,也不是聽到的,而是想象中的某種東西?!痹娙送ㄟ^想象創(chuàng)造出詩的形象,我們讀者通過想象豐富地再現(xiàn)詩人創(chuàng)造的形象。而感受體驗(yàn)則是以全部身心投入作品,心靈與心靈相溝通,感情與感情相交流,對詩人的想象活動進(jìn)行再經(jīng)歷和再體驗(yàn)。因此,在引導(dǎo)意象解讀中,我先讓學(xué)生點(diǎn)擊這一個,就是通過抓修飾詞、依據(jù)感情基調(diào)、展開想象具體分析本詩中每個意象的情感意蘊(yùn)和審美意蘊(yùn),使學(xué)生明白意象在每首詩中的獨(dú)特性。
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