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人教版高中地理必修3區(qū)域農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展—以我國東北地區(qū)為例說課稿
（3）師生討論，提升思維深度。教師引領(lǐng)學生將討論由農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)破壞、土地利用不合理等表象問題逐步深入到農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理、農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)落后等深層問題，提升了學生思維的深度。（4）角色體驗，突破難點落實重點。在農(nóng)民與保護區(qū)工作人員的角色體驗活動中，學生們嘗試換位思考，在沖突與交鋒中，在教師的引領(lǐng)下，重新認識環(huán)境保護與區(qū)域經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的關(guān)系，在情感體驗中加深對可持續(xù)發(fā)展內(nèi)涵的理解，小沖突凸顯大矛盾是本課設(shè)計的創(chuàng)新之處。2．注重對地理問題的探究，突出地理學科本質(zhì)。地理學科具有綜合性、區(qū)域性特征，區(qū)域差異及人地和諧發(fā)展觀是我們在教學中應該把握的基本特征，也是我們應當把握的地理學科的本質(zhì)特征，因此在本節(jié)課的設(shè)計中我注重抓住地理事物的空間特征、綜合性特征，以突出地理學科的本質(zhì)。
人教A版高中數(shù)學必修一對數(shù)的概念教學設(shè)計（2）
對數(shù)與指數(shù)是相通的，本節(jié)在已經(jīng)學習指數(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上通過實例總結(jié)歸納對數(shù)的概念，通過對數(shù)的性質(zhì)和恒等式解決一些與對數(shù)有關(guān)的問題.課程目標1、理解對數(shù)的概念以及對數(shù)的基本性質(zhì)；2、掌握對數(shù)式與指數(shù)式的相互轉(zhuǎn)化；數(shù)學學科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學抽象：對數(shù)的概念；2.邏輯推理：推導對數(shù)性質(zhì)；3.數(shù)學運算：用對數(shù)的基本性質(zhì)與對數(shù)恒等式求值；4.數(shù)學建模：通過與指數(shù)式的比較，引出對數(shù)定義與性質(zhì).重點：對數(shù)式與指數(shù)式的互化以及對數(shù)性質(zhì)；難點：推導對數(shù)性質(zhì)．教學方法：以學生為主體，采用誘思探究式教學，精講多練。教學工具：多媒體。一、 情景導入已知中國的人口數(shù)y和年頭x滿足關(guān)系 中，若知年頭數(shù)則能算出相應的人口總數(shù)。反之，如果問“哪一年的人口數(shù)可達到18億，20億，30億......”，該如何解決？要求：讓學生自由發(fā)言，教師不做判斷。而是引導學生進一步觀察.研探.
人教A版高中數(shù)學必修一對數(shù)的運算教學設(shè)計（2）
學生已經(jīng)學習了指數(shù)運算性質(zhì)，有了這些知識作儲備，教科書通過利用指數(shù)運算性質(zhì)，推導對數(shù)的運算性質(zhì)，再學習利用對數(shù)的運算性質(zhì)化簡求值。課程目標1、通過具體實例引入，推導對數(shù)的運算性質(zhì)；2、熟練掌握對數(shù)的運算性質(zhì)，學會化簡，計算.數(shù)學學科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學抽象：對數(shù)的運算性質(zhì)；2.邏輯推理：換底公式的推導；3.數(shù)學運算：對數(shù)運算性質(zhì)的應用；4.數(shù)學建模：在熟悉的實際情景中，模仿學過的數(shù)學建模過程解決問題.重點：對數(shù)的運算性質(zhì)，換底公式，對數(shù)恒等式及其應用；難點：正確使用對數(shù)的運算性質(zhì)和換底公式．教學方法：以學生為主體，采用誘思探究式教學，精講多練。教學工具：多媒體。一、 情景導入回顧指數(shù)性質(zhì)：(1)aras＝ar＋s(a＞0，r，s∈Q)．(2)(ar)s＝ (a＞0，r，s∈Q)．(3)(ab)r＝ (a＞0，b＞0，r∈Q)．那么對數(shù)有哪些性質(zhì)？如 要求：讓學生自由發(fā)言，教師不做判斷。而是引導學生進一步觀察.研探.
人教A版高中數(shù)學必修一函數(shù)的概念教學設(shè)計（2）
函數(shù)在高中數(shù)學中占有很重要的比重，因而作為函數(shù)的第一節(jié)內(nèi)容，主要從三個實例出發(fā)，引出函數(shù)的概念.從而就函數(shù)概念的分析判斷函數(shù)，求定義域和函數(shù)值，再結(jié)合三要素判斷函數(shù)相等.課程目標1.理解函數(shù)的定義、函數(shù)的定義域、值域及對應法則。2.掌握判定函數(shù)和函數(shù)相等的方法。3.學會求函數(shù)的定義域與函數(shù)值。數(shù)學學科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學抽象：通過教材中四個實例總結(jié)函數(shù)定義；2.邏輯推理：相等函數(shù)的判斷；3.數(shù)學運算：求函數(shù)定義域和求函數(shù)值；4.數(shù)據(jù)分析：運用分離常數(shù)法和換元法求值域；5.數(shù)學建模：通過從實際問題中抽象概括出函數(shù)概念的活動，培養(yǎng)學生從“特殊到一般”的分析問題的能力，提高學生的抽象概括能力。重點：函數(shù)的概念，函數(shù)的三要素。難點：函數(shù)概念及符號y=f(x)的理解。
人教A版高中數(shù)學必修一集合的概念教學設(shè)計（2）
例7 用描述法表示拋物線y＝x2＋1上的點構(gòu)成的集合．【答案】見解析 【解析】 拋物線y＝x2＋1上的點構(gòu)成的集合可表示為：{(x，y)|y＝x2＋1}．變式1．[變條件，變設(shè)問]本題中點的集合若改為“{x|y＝x2＋1}”，則集合中的元素是什么？【答案】見解析 【解析】集合{x|y＝x2＋1}的代表元素是x，且x∈R，所以{x|y＝x2＋1}中的元素是全體實數(shù)．變式2．[變條件，變設(shè)問]本題中點的集合若改為“{y|y＝x2＋1}”，則集合中的元素是什么？【答案】見解析 【解析】集合{ y| y＝x2＋1}的代表元素是y，滿足條件y＝x2＋1的y的取值范圍是y≥1，所以{ y| y＝x2＋1}＝{ y| y≥1}，所以集合中的元素是大于等于1的全體實數(shù)．解題技巧（認識集合含義的2個步驟）一看代表元素，是數(shù)集還是點集，二看元素滿足什么條件即有什么公共特性。
人教A版高中數(shù)學必修一對數(shù)的運算教學設(shè)計（1）
本節(jié)課是新版教材人教A版普通高中課程標準實驗教科書數(shù)學必修1第四章第4.3.2節(jié)《對數(shù)的運算》。其核心是弄清楚對數(shù)的定義，掌握對數(shù)的運算性質(zhì)，理解它的關(guān)鍵就是通過實例使學生認識對數(shù)式與指數(shù)式的關(guān)系，分析得出對數(shù)的概念及對數(shù)式與指數(shù)式的 互化，通過實例推導對數(shù)的運算性質(zhì)。由于它還與后續(xù)很多內(nèi)容，比如對數(shù)函數(shù)及其性質(zhì),這也是高考必考內(nèi)容之一，所以在本學科有著很重要的地位。解決重點的關(guān)鍵是抓住對數(shù)的概念、并讓學生掌握對數(shù)式與指數(shù)式的互化；通過實例推導對數(shù)的運算性質(zhì)，讓學生準確地運用對數(shù)運算性質(zhì)進行運算，學會運用換底公式。培養(yǎng)學生數(shù)學運算、數(shù)學抽象、邏輯推理和數(shù)學建模的核心素養(yǎng)。1、理解對數(shù)的概念，能進行指數(shù)式與對數(shù)式的互化；2、了解常用對數(shù)與自然對數(shù)的意義，理解對數(shù)恒等式并能運用于有關(guān)對數(shù)計算。
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Listening&Speaking&Talking教學設(shè)計一
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Listening&Speaking＆Talking教學設(shè)計二
The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading and Thinking教學設(shè)計二
The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading and Thinking教學設(shè)計一
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading for Writing教學設(shè)計二
⑦在我看來, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand，70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it，such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more，with further space research，we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also，space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well－organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation？
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading For Writing教學設(shè)計一
另一方面，其余的人反對這個計劃，因為它可能會導致一些不好的影響。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我堅信探索太空不僅能夠使我們了解宇宙的起源而且能夠幫助我們更好地走進未來。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.為了給人類的短期和長期問題提供更新和更好的解決方法，我認為我們應該花更多的時間和金錢來探索太空。9．From my point of view，it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much，which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看來，年輕人過度依賴手機是不對的，因為它們可能會對他們的身心健康都有害。最近你班同學就“人類是否應該進行宇宙探索”這個問題進行了激烈的討論。有人認為，探索宇宙不僅讓人類更好地了解宇宙的發(fā)展，還可以用來指導農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，以及把一些探索太空的高新技術(shù)用于現(xiàn)實生活；也有一些人認為探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力；影響了人們的生活水平。請你根據(jù)以下情況寫一篇報告并發(fā)表自己的觀點。注意：1.寫作內(nèi)容應包括以上全部要點，可適當發(fā)揮，使上下文連貫；
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Discovering Useful Structure教學設(shè)計
The theme of the section is “Describe space facts and efforts to explore space”. Infinitives are one of non-finite verbs, as the subjects, objects, predicative, attributes and adverbials. This unit is about space exploration, which is a significant scientific activity, so every scientific activity has strong planning. Therefore, using the infinitives to show its purpose, explanations or restrictions is the best choice.1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use infinitives in oral and writing English. 1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use use infinitives in oral and writing English.Step 1 Lead in---Pair workLook at the following sentences and focus on the italicized infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functions. 1. I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot..(作目的狀語)2. As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space..(作目的狀語)3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree..(作目的狀語)4. Some scientist were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space..(作定語)5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space..(作定語)Summary:1. 不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)：to+do原形。2. 分析上面的句子，我們知道在描述太空探索時，動詞不定式不僅可以用來表目的，還可以用來作定語，表修飾。
人教版新課標高中地理必修2第一章第三節(jié)人口合理容量教案
生：環(huán)境承載力是指環(huán)境能持續(xù)供養(yǎng)的人口數(shù)量。師：對了。但是有同學仍然會感到這是一個很抽象的概念。下面我們具體來了解什么是環(huán)境承載力。我們可以從兩個部分去理解：一、環(huán)境，它主要是指環(huán)境的單個要素（如：土地、水、氣候、植被等。）及其組合方式。二、是承載力，它指在特定的條件下，具體某事物能承受的某種活動的最大值。那環(huán)境承載力的科學定義是怎樣表達的呢？生：環(huán)境承載力是指某一時期，某種狀態(tài)條件下，某地區(qū)環(huán)境所能承受的人類活動作用的閾值。師：很對。 我們可以用一個生動的例子來說明。一只木桶里面的水的多少在底面積固定不變的情況下是由哪塊木板來決定？生：最短的那塊。師：確實如此。這就是我們平常所講的 “木桶效應”。那影響環(huán)境承載力的大小也是由環(huán)境個要素里面最緊缺的那個要素來決定的。下面我們用一個例子來印證一下。
人教版新課標高中物理必修1物理學與人類文明教案2篇
1. 課前觀看視頻《物理學與人類文明》2. 分組討論，派代表發(fā)言，談學習感受。主要是物理的地位，物理的學習方法。3. 高中物理與初中物理在內(nèi)容和方法上的區(qū)別高中物理除了現(xiàn)象、概念和規(guī)律之外還應該關(guān)注研究問題的方法，學會從先想到抽象，從定性到定量研究問題，學會用數(shù)學方法解決物理問題，學會實驗探究，學會獨立分析問題解決問題的思維習慣。4. 高中物理學習的基本要求高中物理學習應該“重視實驗，勤于思考”和“經(jīng)歷過程，體驗方法”。高中物理學習與初中物理學習雖然有一定區(qū)別，但也不是孤立的，要繼續(xù)堅持初中物理學習中積累的學習方法和體會，重視從正反兩個方面加以總結(jié)和提煉，做到：（1） 認真閱讀，學會自學要學好物理，就要認真閱讀課本。閱讀課本是要抓住關(guān)鍵詞語，弄清語句間的邏輯順序和因果關(guān)系，領(lǐng)會文章段落所表達的物理內(nèi)容，掌握課本敘述物理問題的表達方法。
人教版新課標高中物理必修1物理學與人類文明教案2篇
八、物理學的基礎(chǔ)地位及物理學對人類文明、社會進步的影響。（1） 情景一：磁懸浮實驗：找兩個空心的圓柱片磁鐵，同名磁極相對，穿在同一根竹筷上，用手壓下上面的磁鐵，松手觀察它的運動情況。問題1：上面的磁鐵為什么會跳起來，為什么會懸浮在下面的磁鐵上方？問題2：根據(jù)這個實驗，你會想到那一種交通工具？總結(jié)：人們就是從磁懸浮現(xiàn)象中得到啟發(fā)，進行磁懸浮列車的研究和制造的，這說明物理學在推動社會進步、人類文明方面起到推動作用。（2） 情景二：感應起電和火花放電實驗：用感應起電機或感應圈產(chǎn)生火花放電，讓學生觀察現(xiàn)象，聞氣味，然后聯(lián)想生活實例。還可以用一張紙試著擋住放電的弧光，最好能引燃紙張，說明雷擊引起火災的現(xiàn)象。問題1：你看、聽到了什么現(xiàn)象？問題2：根據(jù)這個實驗，你會想到那一種自然現(xiàn)象？問題3：放電發(fā)生在什么地方？為什么建筑物上方都有尖尖的設(shè)置，是干什么用的？問題4：你聞到什么氣味了嗎？
人教版新課標高中地理必修2第二章第三節(jié)城市化教案
[補充]：鄭州是特大城市，我們對燈火通明的夜晚都有深刻的體會，我們都體會過光給他們帶來的好處，而對過多過亮的光帶來的危害則很少認真地思考過，且光污染給都市人們和其他生物和環(huán)境帶來的不利影響也越來越大，所以，我在這兒給同學們補充光污染，目的是提醒他們要增強環(huán)保意識，要理解城市在建設(shè)過程中要減少城市各類活動對環(huán)境的污染；另外，隨著城市的不斷發(fā)展，還可能會產(chǎn)生新 的污染物。還培養(yǎng)了學生用發(fā)展的眼光來看世界。[思考]：如何降低城市化對地理環(huán)境產(chǎn)生的影響？[答]：發(fā)展生態(tài)城市，使人工環(huán)境和自然環(huán)境和諧統(tǒng)一起來。一方面在城市建設(shè)中，要發(fā)展低污染的節(jié)能建筑和綠色交通，減少城市各類活動對環(huán)境的污染；另一方面使城市景觀盡可能地與山、河、湖、海、植被等自然景觀保持協(xié)調(diào)，建立一種良性循環(huán)。
人教版新課標高中物理必修1牛頓第一定律教案3篇
一、知識與技能１、知道伽利略的理想實驗及其主要推理過程和推論，知道理想實驗是科學研究的重要方法２、理解牛頓第一定律的內(nèi)容及意義；理解力和運動的關(guān)系，知道物體的運動不需要力來維持。３、理解慣性的概念，知道質(zhì)量是慣性大小的量度；會用慣性解釋一些現(xiàn)象。二、過程與方法１、觀察生活中的慣性現(xiàn)象，了解力和運動的關(guān)系２、通過實驗加深對牛頓第一定律的理解３、理解理想實驗是科學研究的重要方法三、情感態(tài)度與價值觀１、通過伽利略和亞里士多德對力和運動關(guān)系的不同認識，了解人類認識事物本質(zhì)的曲折性２、感悟科學是人類進步的不竭動力［教學重點］１、理解力和運動的關(guān)系２、對牛頓第一定律和慣性的正確理解３、理想實驗［教學難點］１、力和運動的關(guān)系２、慣性和質(zhì)量的關(guān)系［課時安排］1課時［教學過程］［引入］
人教版新課標高中物理必修1自由落體運動教案2篇
教學重點1．自由落體運動的概念及探究自由落體運動的過程。2．掌握自由落體運動規(guī)律，并能運用其解決實際問題。教學難點演示實驗和探究實驗的技巧及自由落體運動規(guī)律的得出.教學過程設(shè)計思想：1、 先用游戲激發(fā)學生學習興趣，順理成章地研究落體運動；2、 通過演示實驗讓學生自己總結(jié)出物體下落快慢不同的主要原因是空氣阻力，從而猜想若沒有空氣阻力會怎樣；3、 用牛頓管實驗驗證猜想，引入了新的理想運動模型：自由落體運動。講述1971年宇航員做的實驗，加深印象；4、 了解地球表面物體下落運動近似成自由落體運動的條件；5、 著手研究自由落體運動的規(guī)律，利用打點計時器進行研究，得到結(jié)論；6、 總結(jié)自由落體運動特點及重力加速度；7、 應用訓練
人教版新課標高中物理必修1牛頓第二定律教案2篇
1．這節(jié)課以實驗為依據(jù)，采用控制變量的方法進行研究。這一方法今后在電學、熱學的研究中還要用到。我們根據(jù)已掌握的知識設(shè)計實驗、探索規(guī)律是物體研究的重要方法。2．定義力的單位“牛頓”使得k=1，得到牛頓第二定律的簡單形式F=ma。使用簡捷的數(shù)學語言表達物理規(guī)律是物理學的特征之一，但應知道它所對應的文字內(nèi)容和意義。3．牛頓第二定律概括了運動和力的關(guān)系。物體所受合外力恒定，其加速度恒定；合外力為零，加速度為零。即合外力決定了加速度，而加速度影響著物體的運動情況。因此，牛頓第二定律是把前兩章力和物體的運動構(gòu)成一個整體，其中的紐帶就是加速度。四、評價方案及說明1、對科學知識與技能的評價要注重科學內(nèi)容的理解與應用，而不是單純記憶。技能的評價目標包括觀察技能、實驗技能等方面。對科學的技能的評價要盡量融合在科學探究過程的情景中。對科學知識的評價主要從兩方面，一是根據(jù)學生診斷性練習；二是通過學生作業(yè)反映學生掌握情況。
