
2、計算天體的質(zhì)量首先觀看多媒體展示天體的運(yùn)動,同時解釋什么是環(huán)繞天體?什么是中心天體?接著展示相關(guān)問題:①應(yīng)用萬有引力定律求解天體質(zhì)量的基本思路是什么?②求解天體質(zhì)量的方程依據(jù)是什么?教師點撥,學(xué)生分組,合作探究,學(xué)生代表發(fā)言設(shè)計說明通過創(chuàng)設(shè)問題情境,進(jìn)行由淺至深,由易到難的問題式教學(xué),以激發(fā)學(xué)生的積極思維活動;通過探究讓學(xué)生建立物理模型,分組討論,求解中心天體質(zhì)量的三種表達(dá)式。在進(jìn)行已有知識的遷移時重點重復(fù)環(huán)繞和被繞的關(guān)系,使學(xué)生準(zhǔn)確抓住模型中的各個星體所擔(dān)任的角色。通過小組合作學(xué)習(xí),運(yùn)用類比歸納法得出正確結(jié)論,掌握求解中心天體質(zhì)量的基本思路,以達(dá)到突出教學(xué)重點的目的。3、發(fā)現(xiàn)未知天體通過2個視頻進(jìn)行了解設(shè)計說明這部分通過視頻主要激發(fā)學(xué)生相信科學(xué),學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué),讓學(xué)生感知人類探索宇宙的夢想,激發(fā)學(xué)生探索科學(xué)奧秘的熱情,培養(yǎng)熱愛科學(xué)的情感,促使學(xué)生樹立獻(xiàn)身科學(xué)的人生價值觀。

一、教材分析行星的運(yùn)動選自人教版普通高中物理必修2第六章第1節(jié)。本節(jié)教學(xué)既是前面《運(yùn)動的描述》和《曲線運(yùn)動》內(nèi)容的進(jìn)一步的延伸和拓展,又能為后面學(xué)習(xí)萬有引力定律做鋪墊。在本章中占有較為重要的地位,具有承前啟后的作用。同時該節(jié)內(nèi)容也涉及大量物理史實、貼近學(xué)生生活和聯(lián)系社會實際的事實,可進(jìn)一步培育學(xué)生的科學(xué)情感、精神和發(fā)展觀。(一)教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1.知識與技能(1)知道地心說和日心說的基本內(nèi)容。(2.)掌握理解開普勒三大定律的內(nèi)容,并能應(yīng)用。(3)理解人們對行星運(yùn)動的認(rèn)識過程是漫長復(fù)雜的,真理是來之不易的。2.過程與方法通過托勒密、哥白尼、第谷·布拉赫、開普勒等幾位科學(xué)家對行星運(yùn)動的不同認(rèn)識,了解人類認(rèn)識事物本質(zhì)的曲折性并加深對行星運(yùn)動的理解。3.情感、態(tài)度與價值觀(1)澄清對天體運(yùn)動神秘、模糊的認(rèn)識,掌握人類認(rèn)識自然規(guī)律的科學(xué)方法。(2)感悟科學(xué)是人類進(jìn)步不竭的動力。

學(xué)生已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了指數(shù)運(yùn)算性質(zhì),有了這些知識作儲備,教科書通過利用指數(shù)運(yùn)算性質(zhì),推導(dǎo)對數(shù)的運(yùn)算性質(zhì),再學(xué)習(xí)利用對數(shù)的運(yùn)算性質(zhì)化簡求值。課程目標(biāo)1、通過具體實例引入,推導(dǎo)對數(shù)的運(yùn)算性質(zhì);2、熟練掌握對數(shù)的運(yùn)算性質(zhì),學(xué)會化簡,計算.數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:對數(shù)的運(yùn)算性質(zhì);2.邏輯推理:換底公式的推導(dǎo);3.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算:對數(shù)運(yùn)算性質(zhì)的應(yīng)用;4.數(shù)學(xué)建模:在熟悉的實際情景中,模仿學(xué)過的數(shù)學(xué)建模過程解決問題.重點:對數(shù)的運(yùn)算性質(zhì),換底公式,對數(shù)恒等式及其應(yīng)用;難點:正確使用對數(shù)的運(yùn)算性質(zhì)和換底公式.教學(xué)方法:以學(xué)生為主體,采用誘思探究式教學(xué),精講多練。教學(xué)工具:多媒體。一、 情景導(dǎo)入回顧指數(shù)性質(zhì):(1)aras=ar+s(a>0,r,s∈Q).(2)(ar)s= (a>0,r,s∈Q).(3)(ab)r= (a>0,b>0,r∈Q).那么對數(shù)有哪些性質(zhì)?如 要求:讓學(xué)生自由發(fā)言,教師不做判斷。而是引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)一步觀察.研探.

對數(shù)與指數(shù)是相通的,本節(jié)在已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)指數(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上通過實例總結(jié)歸納對數(shù)的概念,通過對數(shù)的性質(zhì)和恒等式解決一些與對數(shù)有關(guān)的問題.課程目標(biāo)1、理解對數(shù)的概念以及對數(shù)的基本性質(zhì);2、掌握對數(shù)式與指數(shù)式的相互轉(zhuǎn)化;數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:對數(shù)的概念;2.邏輯推理:推導(dǎo)對數(shù)性質(zhì);3.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算:用對數(shù)的基本性質(zhì)與對數(shù)恒等式求值;4.數(shù)學(xué)建模:通過與指數(shù)式的比較,引出對數(shù)定義與性質(zhì).重點:對數(shù)式與指數(shù)式的互化以及對數(shù)性質(zhì);難點:推導(dǎo)對數(shù)性質(zhì).教學(xué)方法:以學(xué)生為主體,采用誘思探究式教學(xué),精講多練。教學(xué)工具:多媒體。一、 情景導(dǎo)入已知中國的人口數(shù)y和年頭x滿足關(guān)系 中,若知年頭數(shù)則能算出相應(yīng)的人口總數(shù)。反之,如果問“哪一年的人口數(shù)可達(dá)到18億,20億,30億......”,該如何解決?要求:讓學(xué)生自由發(fā)言,教師不做判斷。而是引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)一步觀察.研探.

函數(shù)在高中數(shù)學(xué)中占有很重要的比重,因而作為函數(shù)的第一節(jié)內(nèi)容,主要從三個實例出發(fā),引出函數(shù)的概念.從而就函數(shù)概念的分析判斷函數(shù),求定義域和函數(shù)值,再結(jié)合三要素判斷函數(shù)相等.課程目標(biāo)1.理解函數(shù)的定義、函數(shù)的定義域、值域及對應(yīng)法則。2.掌握判定函數(shù)和函數(shù)相等的方法。3.學(xué)會求函數(shù)的定義域與函數(shù)值。數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:通過教材中四個實例總結(jié)函數(shù)定義;2.邏輯推理:相等函數(shù)的判斷;3.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算:求函數(shù)定義域和求函數(shù)值;4.數(shù)據(jù)分析:運(yùn)用分離常數(shù)法和換元法求值域;5.數(shù)學(xué)建模:通過從實際問題中抽象概括出函數(shù)概念的活動,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生從“特殊到一般”的分析問題的能力,提高學(xué)生的抽象概括能力。重點:函數(shù)的概念,函數(shù)的三要素。難點:函數(shù)概念及符號y=f(x)的理解。

例7 用描述法表示拋物線y=x2+1上的點構(gòu)成的集合.【答案】見解析 【解析】 拋物線y=x2+1上的點構(gòu)成的集合可表示為:{(x,y)|y=x2+1}.變式1.[變條件,變設(shè)問]本題中點的集合若改為“{x|y=x2+1}”,則集合中的元素是什么?【答案】見解析 【解析】集合{x|y=x2+1}的代表元素是x,且x∈R,所以{x|y=x2+1}中的元素是全體實數(shù).變式2.[變條件,變設(shè)問]本題中點的集合若改為“{y|y=x2+1}”,則集合中的元素是什么?【答案】見解析 【解析】集合{ y| y=x2+1}的代表元素是y,滿足條件y=x2+1的y的取值范圍是y≥1,所以{ y| y=x2+1}={ y| y≥1},所以集合中的元素是大于等于1的全體實數(shù).解題技巧(認(rèn)識集合含義的2個步驟)一看代表元素,是數(shù)集還是點集,二看元素滿足什么條件即有什么公共特性。

人教版新課標(biāo)教材必修一的“表達(dá)交流”部分,有一個專題是“人性的光輝——寫人要凸顯個性”。其中的“寫法借鑒”部分列舉了兩則人物描寫實例,并歸納出人物描寫的幾個要點。其訓(xùn)練的思路和方法是很明顯的,但所列舉的人物描寫的實例卻不夠典型。而必修一第三單元正好是學(xué)習(xí)寫人記事散文,其中的兩篇自讀課文《記梁任公先生的一次演講》《金岳霖先生》又是寫人記事非常典型的文章,故而我嘗試將這兩篇文章作為實例和。寫人要凸顯個性。寫作指導(dǎo)結(jié)合起來教學(xué)。這樣設(shè)計還有一個目的,那就是解決課程改革中教學(xué)內(nèi)容多而課時緊張的矛盾,提高課堂教學(xué)效率。師:今天,我們一起來學(xué)習(xí)“寫人要凸顯個性”。這兩堂課分四個步驟來完成:一、先學(xué)習(xí)教材中關(guān)于寫人方法的介紹,約15分鐘;二、快速閱讀第三單元的《記梁任公先生的一次演講》和《金岳霖先生》兩篇文章,具體感受其寫人的方法,約30分鐘;

4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative動詞-ing形式作表語,它通常位于系動詞后面,用以說明主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”一種表示主語的特質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài), 其作用相當(dāng)于形容詞; 另一種具體說明主語的內(nèi)容, 即主語等同于表語, 兩者可互換。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他們演奏的音樂聽起來令人激動。The result is disappointing. 結(jié)果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。Seeing is believing. 眼見為實。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing

The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.

The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.

The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.

Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …h(huán)orse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.

四.設(shè)計反思我在設(shè)計本課時,希望通過情境的創(chuàng)設(shè)充分再現(xiàn)歷史,并利用多媒體輔助教學(xué),破重點、化難點,讓學(xué)生主動參與到學(xué)習(xí)過程中,從而突破狹小的教室空間,讓學(xué)生真正做到感知歷史,立足現(xiàn)實,展望未來。自主,交流、合作、探究是課程改革中著力倡導(dǎo)的新型學(xué)習(xí)方式。課堂教學(xué)中如何開展小組合作的探究學(xué)習(xí)存在著很多困難,首先是課堂教學(xué)時間有限,如何體現(xiàn)面向全體,給每個學(xué)生以機(jī)會?再次,歷史問題的討論只能依托于史料才能使討論不淪為空談,課堂上通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)提供大量的史料(文字、圖片或其他),勢必不能有充分時間讓學(xué)生閱讀分析。如何解決這些問題呢?措施一:要形成較固定的歷史學(xué)習(xí)合作小組。選定一位同學(xué)擔(dān)任組長,負(fù)責(zé)協(xié)調(diào)措施二:要設(shè)置有利于學(xué)生探究的問題情境措施三:要把課堂教學(xué)與課外學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)合起來。在課前就印發(fā)相關(guān)的材料,或引導(dǎo)學(xué)生去查閱相關(guān)的資料,讓學(xué)生有個充分的閱讀、思考、交流的時間,是保證課堂上小組交流能成功實現(xiàn)的一個前提

第11段很短,只點出了這是“在婦女身上搞不育試驗的地方”,但在最末又加了一句“否則他會羞紅了臉的”,這是為什么?那肯定是一個極為骯臟,極為殘酷的地方。據(jù)資料記載:當(dāng)時的希特勒制定一項令所有被征服或占領(lǐng)國家的民族充當(dāng)奴隸并且逐漸消亡的隱密性種族滅絕計劃——高效率、大規(guī)模的強(qiáng)制絕育。為此,數(shù)以百計的納粹醫(yī)生、教授、專家甚至護(hù)士,在行政管理專家的通力合作下,相繼提出了幾十種絕育方法,十余種實施方案,并且在奧斯維辛、拉芬斯布呂克、布亨瓦爾特、達(dá)豪等十多個大型集中營內(nèi)對數(shù)以萬計的猶太、吉普賽囚犯、因從事抵抗運(yùn)動而被捕的政治犯和男女戰(zhàn)俘進(jìn)行了殘酷的手術(shù)試驗,造成他們大量死亡或者終身殘疾、終身不育。這樣殘酷的毫無人性的手段,任誰也不愿看到。

二、說學(xué)生本屆高一學(xué)生經(jīng)過了三年初中課改,在心理上,他們渴望表現(xiàn)的欲望和自主探究的欲望比較強(qiáng)烈,對有興趣的知識表現(xiàn)出高度地?zé)崆椋⒕哂幸欢ǖ膱F(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作能力,但還是應(yīng)該正視一個并不樂觀的現(xiàn)實——在寫作方面,學(xué)生知識還停留在簡單的記敘及表達(dá)方式綜合運(yùn)用上,至于巧妙構(gòu)思、謀篇布局很是空白。即便已經(jīng)經(jīng)過高中一個學(xué)期的學(xué)習(xí),但還是有大部分學(xué)生依然基礎(chǔ)較為薄弱,甚至出現(xiàn)不知從何下筆的現(xiàn)象。三、說教法與學(xué)法“老師搭臺,學(xué)生唱戲”1、教法:本課將安排兩課時(一課時學(xué)習(xí)一課時練筆),采用 PPT 多媒體課件教學(xué),嘗試用角色扮演法、圖片展示法和多媒體教學(xué)等方法,教學(xué)中應(yīng)該重視學(xué)生的參與性和探究性。2、學(xué)法:學(xué)生應(yīng)該充分利用多角度創(chuàng)設(shè)的學(xué)習(xí)情境來激發(fā)自身學(xué)習(xí)的興趣和熱情,分組討論,小組互助等形式讓學(xué)生積極自主參與、進(jìn)行問題探究學(xué)習(xí)。理論依據(jù):建構(gòu)主義理論“學(xué)生是學(xué)習(xí)的中心”的闡釋,教師應(yīng)該做學(xué)生主動建構(gòu)意義的幫助者、促進(jìn)者。

當(dāng)代社會生活的變化比以往任何時代都要快。語言尤其是詞匯記錄了這些發(fā)展變化,因而也涌現(xiàn)了大量的新詞新語。據(jù)統(tǒng)計,近幾年每年大約要出現(xiàn)1000個左右的新詞新語,而字典、詞典的多次修訂、增補(bǔ)就反映了這種情況。但相對來說,也有一些流行語又逐漸受到冷遇,甚至退隱。為了更好的對新詞新語與流行文化作一番檢視與探究,那讓我們考察一下它們是怎么產(chǎn)生的吧?老師先給同學(xué)們列舉四種途徑:大屏幕3。同學(xué)們能再舉出以上途徑的一些例子嗎?老師列舉(4)其實不只這些,那還有哪些途徑呢?找同學(xué)說并舉例。說的非常好,請同學(xué)們看老師的例子,總結(jié)(5)。從新詞新語的產(chǎn)生途徑可以看出,這些鮮活得像畫一樣的新詞就是這個時代跳動的血小板,它涉及當(dāng)代社會的重大事件、現(xiàn)象與時弊,以及人們?nèi)粘I畹母鱾€層面如人生意義、生活方式、愛情、友情、就業(yè)、消費、時尚等,時代性強(qiáng),傳播面廣,反映著當(dāng)代社會時局與人們文化心態(tài)的變化。

4、【自主探究】巴山夜雨的成因③材料三:三國時期,諸葛亮于農(nóng)歷6月的一天,在葫蘆峪設(shè)下伏兵,打算用火攻全殲司馬懿。這一天,晴空萬里暑熱難耐,真乃火攻之良機(jī)。諸葛亮依計將司馬懿之眾誘入谷中……然而,正當(dāng)大火沖天,司馬懿全軍行將覆滅之時,一場大雨不期而至,大雨澆滅了諸葛亮扶漢反魏的壯志,使他喊出了“謀事在人,成事在天,不可強(qiáng)也”的千古悲歌?!驹O(shè)計理念】前后呼應(yīng),發(fā)散思維。通過自主探究,學(xué)生各抒己見,完成對熱力環(huán)流整個知識框架的一個總結(jié),既考查了學(xué)生的課堂學(xué)習(xí)效果,又鍛煉了學(xué)生知識的遷移能力,并認(rèn)識生活中的地理規(guī)律,用生動的語言拉近學(xué)生與大氣理性知識的距離,體會到地理學(xué)科的重要性?!咎釂枴咳绻麑滋鞊Q成夏季,將夜間換成冬季,情況又會怎樣?城市與郊區(qū)之間也存在著熱力環(huán)流——城市風(fēng),它們是怎樣形成的?了解城市風(fēng)的出現(xiàn)有何重要意義?如果地球上在赤道和兩極之間存在熱力環(huán)流,這個熱力環(huán)流應(yīng)該怎樣?這幾個問題,請大家課后慢慢思考。

問:為什么會出現(xiàn)這樣的情況,男女生之間的拉力存在著怎樣的大小關(guān)系?進(jìn)一步求證這兩個力的大小關(guān)系經(jīng)過共同討論,得方案:把兩個彈簧秤勾在一起,重現(xiàn)拔河比賽,分三種情況進(jìn)行。(通過攝像頭把彈簧秤的讀數(shù)放大)兩彈簧稱勾在一起拉,處于靜止不動時(即拔河比賽,雙方處于僵持狀態(tài))兩彈簧稱勾在一起拉,并向一方運(yùn)動(即比賽繩子被拉向一方時的狀態(tài))3、兩彈簧稱勾在一起拉,一方方向慢慢改變(兩力方向始終在一條直線上)實驗結(jié)論:兩彈簧稱的讀數(shù)的變化總是相同的,大小相等,方向相反。得到牛頓第三定律:追問:既然兩個力大小相等,那么拔河比賽為什么還存在勝負(fù)之分?講清作用力與反作用力作用的受力物體不同,并和學(xué)生討論如何做才會獲勝?;貞?yīng)課前問題:“以卵擊石”為什么雞蛋碎?

在同一個直角坐標(biāo),做出兩個不同彈簧的F—X圖象,然后進(jìn)行比較。圖象法處理數(shù)據(jù)更為直觀,更容易得出物理變化規(guī)律,且該種方法處理數(shù)據(jù)能更好地減小實驗的偶然誤差。最后老師歸納總結(jié):得出胡克定律:F=KX(K為彈簧的頸度系數(shù))[設(shè)計意圖:在探究彈力的大小與形變的定量關(guān)系時,由學(xué)生進(jìn)行猜想、實驗和得出規(guī)律,并利用信息技術(shù)計算機(jī)繪制F—X圖象,充分利用信息技術(shù)資源和物理學(xué)科的整合。能較好地體現(xiàn)以學(xué)生為主的新的教學(xué)理念。對探究實驗過程教師加以指導(dǎo),使學(xué)生學(xué)會團(tuán)結(jié)合作、學(xué)會探究物理規(guī)律;再加上熟練信息技術(shù),更有效地提高學(xué)習(xí)效率。](五)彈力的應(yīng)用(圖片,視頻播放:射箭)[設(shè)計意圖:讓學(xué)生知道產(chǎn)品設(shè)計離不開物理理論,做到從實踐到理論,再從理論到實踐的學(xué)習(xí)過程。](六)開放式問題(視頻播放:撐桿跳高、跳水);提出問題:通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容的學(xué)習(xí),請同學(xué)們開放式地討論①從形變與彈力知識去思考,撐桿跳高運(yùn)動員跳得這么高的主要原因是什么?②跳水運(yùn)動員在空中滯空時間主要由哪方面決定?

今天我說課的內(nèi)容是人教版高中物理必修1第四章第四節(jié)《力學(xué)單位制》,我的說課內(nèi)容將按下列程序展開。首先是本節(jié)教材的分析。一、說教材1、本節(jié)課在教材中的地位單位是學(xué)生在高考中最容易犯錯的地方之一,本節(jié)課內(nèi)容貫穿整個物理學(xué)科的每部分。學(xué)好這部分內(nèi)容對所有的自然學(xué)科都有幫助。2、教材簡析教材可分為:單位制等概念的來源和單位制的推廣。二、說教學(xué)目標(biāo):教學(xué)目標(biāo)的設(shè)定是教師進(jìn)行課堂授課的一個重要依據(jù),是教師完成教學(xué)任務(wù)的鑒定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)新課標(biāo)要求和學(xué)生特點我對本節(jié)制定以下教學(xué)目標(biāo)(1)了解什么是單位制,知道國際單位制中力學(xué)的三個基本單位。(2)認(rèn)識單位制在物理學(xué)中和國際交往中的重要作用。(3)學(xué)會用單位運(yùn)算來檢查物理公式推導(dǎo)的正確性,從而培養(yǎng)學(xué)生解決實際問題的能力。
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