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2015年中考真題精品解析 語文 （山東濟(jì)南卷） 精編word版（原卷版）
⑦在仰韶文化時期，我國就有了對竹利用的確切記載。竹自竹簡、珠筆到竹紙，在保存和傳播我們中華民族的古老文化上立下了汗馬功勞。以竹為題材的詩詞歌賦，用竹編織和雕刻的藝術(shù)品，竹制的笙管笛簫奏出的音樂，無不給人類美的享受。⑧在我國文化史上，竹蘊(yùn)含著中華民族重要的精神價值。人們在長期的勞動實踐和文化活動中，把竹的生物特征逐漸升華為一種做人的美德。竹四季常青，不畏逆境，和松、梅并譽(yù)為“歲寒三友”；竹中空外直，虛懷若谷，和梅、蘭、菊并稱為“四君子”。⑨無論是魏晉嵇康、向秀等“竹林七賢”，還是唐朝李白、韓準(zhǔn)等“竹溪六逸”，莫不對竹有一份執(zhí)著和憧憬，清代鄭板橋，與竹為鄰，以竹為友，愛竹、寫竹、畫竹、贊竹?！扒トf擊還堅韌，任爾東西南北風(fēng)”，正是他堅忍不拔、超凡脫俗的人格寫照。
2015年中考真題精品解析 語文（黑龍江大慶卷）精編word版（原卷版）
①2014年年中，世界衛(wèi)生組織（WHO）公布了《2013年全球氣候狀況報告》。報告顯示，2013年全球陸地和海洋表面平均溫度為14．5℃，比1961-1990年的平均溫度升高0．5℃。自有溫度記錄以來，全球14個最熱年份中有13個出現(xiàn)在本世紀(jì)，而過去30年中每個10年都比前十年更熱。②厄爾尼諾是發(fā)生在熱帶太平洋上海溫異常增暖的氣候現(xiàn)象，大范圍熱帶太平洋增暖會造成全球氣候變化。進(jìn)入20世紀(jì)70年代后，全球出現(xiàn)的異常天氣，都有范圍廣、災(zāi)情重、時間長等特點，而在這一系列異常天氣的背后，厄爾尼諾暖流都起著重要作用。
2016年中考真題精品解析 語文（山東濟(jì)南卷）精編word版（原卷版）
青蒿素治療瘧疾效果顯著，是抵抗瘧疾耐藥性最好的藥物。中國發(fā)現(xiàn)青蒿素時，美國也研制出一種抗瘧新藥—化學(xué)合成的甲氟喹，但瘧原蟲很快就適應(yīng)了它，產(chǎn)生耐藥性，臨床使用后患者還出現(xiàn)了明顯的不良反應(yīng)。而對于青蒿素這種從中草藥中提取的藥物，瘧原蟲對它完全沒有抵抗能力。1976 年1月，柬埔寨爆發(fā)瘧疾，因瘧原蟲已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生耐藥性，疫情一時難以控制。中國醫(yī)療隊攜帶一批青蒿素在柬埔寨大顯神威，挽救了一大批瘧疾患者的生命。
人教版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修二導(dǎo)數(shù)的概念及其幾何意義教學(xué)設(shè)計
新知探究前面我們研究了兩類變化率問題：一類是物理學(xué)中的問題，涉及平均速度和瞬時速度；另一類是幾何學(xué)中的問題，涉及割線斜率和切線斜率。這兩類問題來自不同的學(xué)科領(lǐng)域，但在解決問題時，都采用了由“平均變化率”逼近“瞬時變化率”的思想方法；問題的答案也是一樣的表示形式。下面我們用上述思想方法研究更一般的問題。探究1： 對于函數(shù)y=f(x) ，設(shè)自變量x從x_0變化到x_0+ ?x ，相應(yīng)地，函數(shù)值y就從f(x_0)變化到f(〖x+x〗_0) 。這時， x的變化量為?x，y的變化量為?y=f(x_0+?x)-f(x_0)我們把比值?y/?x，即?y/?x=(f(x_0+?x)-f(x_0)" " )/?x叫做函數(shù)從x_0到x_0+?x的平均變化率。1．導(dǎo)數(shù)的概念如果當(dāng)Δx→0時，平均變化率ΔyΔx無限趨近于一個確定的值，即ΔyΔx有極限，則稱y＝f (x)在x＝x0處____，并把這個________叫做y＝f (x)在x＝x0處的導(dǎo)數(shù)(也稱為__________)，記作f ′(x0)或________，即
人教版新課標(biāo)高中物理必修1牛頓第三定律說課稿2篇
問：為什么會出現(xiàn)這樣的情況，男女生之間的拉力存在著怎樣的大小關(guān)系？進(jìn)一步求證這兩個力的大小關(guān)系經(jīng)過共同討論，得方案：把兩個彈簧秤勾在一起，重現(xiàn)拔河比賽，分三種情況進(jìn)行。（通過攝像頭把彈簧秤的讀數(shù)放大）兩彈簧稱勾在一起拉，處于靜止不動時（即拔河比賽，雙方處于僵持狀態(tài)）兩彈簧稱勾在一起拉，并向一方運(yùn)動（即比賽繩子被拉向一方時的狀態(tài)）3、兩彈簧稱勾在一起拉，一方方向慢慢改變（兩力方向始終在一條直線上）實驗結(jié)論：兩彈簧稱的讀數(shù)的變化總是相同的，大小相等，方向相反。得到牛頓第三定律：追問：既然兩個力大小相等，那么拔河比賽為什么還存在勝負(fù)之分？講清作用力與反作用力作用的受力物體不同，并和學(xué)生討論如何做才會獲勝?；貞?yīng)課前問題：“以卵擊石”為什么雞蛋碎？
人教版新課標(biāo)高中物理必修1牛頓第二定律說課稿2篇
進(jìn)一步引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思考利用數(shù)學(xué)知識可寫成等式F=kma學(xué)生很自然就會思考比列系數(shù)K應(yīng)該是多少？通過教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生舉例各國長度單位不同（如英國：英里、碼、英尺、英寸；中國：市里、市丈、市尺、市寸、市分 ）導(dǎo)致交流不便。為了適應(yīng)各國交流需要國際計量局規(guī)定了一套統(tǒng)一的單位，稱為國際單位制 。取不同的單位制K是不同的，為了簡潔方便，在選取了質(zhì)量和加速度的國際單位（Kg, m/s2)時規(guī)定K=1。那么就有；F=ma為了紀(jì)念牛頓，就把能使1kg物體獲得1m/s2加速度的力稱做一牛頓，用符號N表示問題：實際物體受力往往不止一個，多個力情況應(yīng)該怎么辦呢？平行四邊形法則進(jìn)一步引導(dǎo)學(xué)生得出牛頓第二定律更一般的表達(dá)式: F合=ma思考.討論我們用力提一個很重的箱子，卻提不動它。這個力產(chǎn)生了加速度嗎？要是產(chǎn)生了，箱子的運(yùn)動狀態(tài)卻并沒有改變。為什么？
人教版新課標(biāo)高中物理必修2能量守恒定律與能源說課稿3篇
（3）內(nèi)陸和中西部城鎮(zhèn)主要以煤和火電為主；廣大農(nóng)村和邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)大多正從使用農(nóng)作物秸稈等生物能源。（4）人均能源資源不足。我國是世界第三大能源生產(chǎn)國和第二大能源消費(fèi)國，而我國能源短缺，特別是油氣資源短缺已成為制約我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要因素。相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)——煤炭、石油和天然氣的人均資源占有量只有95t，世界平均值為209t，約是世界人均值的1/2；我國人均石油可采儲量3t，世界平均值為28t，約為世界平均值的1/10。我國人均能源消費(fèi)量不足1.2噸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤，居世界89位，不足世界人均能源消費(fèi)水平的一半，僅占發(fā)達(dá)國家的1/5～1/10。其中人均消費(fèi)650kg標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤，是世界平均額的95%；人均消費(fèi)石油相當(dāng)145kg標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤，為世界平均數(shù)的16.8%；人均消費(fèi)天然氣相當(dāng)17.7kg標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤，為世界平均數(shù)的3.9%；人均消費(fèi)電力501.5kWh，為世界平均水平的25%。（5）是能源消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理，突出存在著一低兩高：即電能消費(fèi)比例低，非商品生物能源消費(fèi)量高，一次性商品能源消費(fèi)中原煤消費(fèi)比重高。原煤消費(fèi)達(dá)到75%，遠(yuǎn)高于26.2%的世界平均水平。
人教版新課標(biāo)高中物理必修2驗證機(jī)械能守恒定律說課稿
一、 教材分析與學(xué)情分析教材分析人民教育出版社普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實驗教科書必修2第七章第九節(jié)。本節(jié)內(nèi)容安排在學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)械能守恒定律之后的目的，是為了使學(xué)生在理論上對機(jī)械能守恒定律有所了解的基礎(chǔ)上，通過實驗測量及對實驗數(shù)據(jù)的分析處理，對機(jī)械能守恒定律及條件有深刻的認(rèn)識。學(xué)情分析知識層面：學(xué)生已經(jīng)掌握了動能、重力勢能等概念以及動能定理、機(jī)械能守恒定律等定理、定律；知道功是能量轉(zhuǎn)換的量度以及機(jī)械能守恒的條件。能力層面：學(xué)生已具備一定的實驗操作技能，會用打點計時器以及直尺等實驗儀器。具備一定的數(shù)據(jù)處理能力。二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)與重點、難點教學(xué)目標(biāo)知識與技能：1、會用打點計時器打下的紙帶計算物體運(yùn)動的速度。2、掌握驗證機(jī)械能守恒定律的實驗原理。
人教版新課標(biāo)高中物理必修2萬有引力定律說課稿2篇
學(xué)生中存在這樣的問題：既然宇宙間的一切物體都是相互吸引的，那么為什么沒有吸引到一起？為了解決這個問題，安排了例題2例2、兩物體質(zhì)量都是1kg，相距1m，它們間的萬有引力是多少？通過本題，讓學(xué)生認(rèn)識到一般物體間的引力極小，不用考慮。那么，質(zhì)量很大的天體為什么沒被吸引到一塊？從而引出下節(jié)課題。4.課堂小結(jié)：本節(jié)課，從天體運(yùn)動出發(fā)，通過推理證明，形成理性認(rèn)識，再結(jié)合例題習(xí)題使學(xué)生的理性認(rèn)識再反饋到具體事實。形成實踐-理論-實踐的認(rèn)知循環(huán)，順應(yīng)了認(rèn)知規(guī)律.。本共設(shè)計了很多問，能讓學(xué)生想的盡量讓學(xué)生想、能學(xué)生說的盡量讓學(xué)生說、能讓學(xué)生做的盡量讓學(xué)生做，全面發(fā)展學(xué)生的各方面能力。再通過作業(yè)和探究性課題使學(xué)生的思維活動在時空上得以延續(xù)。5.布置作業(yè)：布置作業(yè)時刻意安排引入：萬有引力、重力、向心力、三者的聯(lián)系，通過引導(dǎo)學(xué)生對比結(jié)果，從中發(fā)現(xiàn)問題：萬有引力與重力向心力的關(guān)系與區(qū)別，為下節(jié)知識的難點突破作好了鋪墊。
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Listening&Speaking&Talking教學(xué)設(shè)計一
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading For Writing教學(xué)設(shè)計一
另一方面，其余的人反對這個計劃，因為它可能會導(dǎo)致一些不好的影響。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我堅信探索太空不僅能夠使我們了解宇宙的起源而且能夠幫助我們更好地走進(jìn)未來。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.為了給人類的短期和長期問題提供更新和更好的解決方法，我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該花更多的時間和金錢來探索太空。9．From my point of view，it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much，which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看來，年輕人過度依賴手機(jī)是不對的，因為它們可能會對他們的身心健康都有害。最近你班同學(xué)就“人類是否應(yīng)該進(jìn)行宇宙探索”這個問題進(jìn)行了激烈的討論。有人認(rèn)為，探索宇宙不僅讓人類更好地了解宇宙的發(fā)展，還可以用來指導(dǎo)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，以及把一些探索太空的高新技術(shù)用于現(xiàn)實生活；也有一些人認(rèn)為探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力；影響了人們的生活水平。請你根據(jù)以下情況寫一篇報告并發(fā)表自己的觀點。注意：1.寫作內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括以上全部要點，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，使上下文連貫；
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Discovering Useful Structure教學(xué)設(shè)計
The theme of the section is “Describe space facts and efforts to explore space”. Infinitives are one of non-finite verbs, as the subjects, objects, predicative, attributes and adverbials. This unit is about space exploration, which is a significant scientific activity, so every scientific activity has strong planning. Therefore, using the infinitives to show its purpose, explanations or restrictions is the best choice.1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use infinitives in oral and writing English. 1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use use infinitives in oral and writing English.Step 1 Lead in---Pair workLook at the following sentences and focus on the italicized infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functions. 1. I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot..(作目的狀語)2. As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space..(作目的狀語)3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree..(作目的狀語)4. Some scientist were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space..(作定語)5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space..(作定語)Summary:1. 不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)：to+do原形。2. 分析上面的句子，我們知道在描述太空探索時，動詞不定式不僅可以用來表目的，還可以用來作定語，表修飾。
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Listening&Speaking＆Talking教學(xué)設(shè)計二
The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading and Thinking教學(xué)設(shè)計二
The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading and Thinking教學(xué)設(shè)計一
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
新人教版高中英語必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading for Writing教學(xué)設(shè)計二
⑦在我看來, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand，70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it，such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more，with further space research，we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also，space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well－organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation？
人教版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修二導(dǎo)數(shù)的四則運(yùn)算法則教學(xué)設(shè)計
求函數(shù)的導(dǎo)數(shù)的策略(1)先區(qū)分函數(shù)的運(yùn)算特點，即函數(shù)的和、差、積、商，再根據(jù)導(dǎo)數(shù)的運(yùn)算法則求導(dǎo)數(shù)；(2)對于三個以上函數(shù)的積、商的導(dǎo)數(shù)，依次轉(zhuǎn)化為“兩個”函數(shù)的積、商的導(dǎo)數(shù)計算．跟蹤訓(xùn)練1 求下列函數(shù)的導(dǎo)數(shù)：(1)y＝x2＋log3x； (2)y＝x3·ex； (3)y＝cos xx.[解] (1)y′＝(x2＋log3x)′＝(x2)′＋(log3x)′＝2x＋1xln 3.(2)y′＝(x3·ex)′＝(x3)′·ex＋x3·(ex)′＝3x2·ex＋x3·ex＝ex(x3＋3x2)．(3)y′＝cos xx′＝?cos x?′·x－cos x·?x?′x2＝－x·sin x－cos xx2＝－xsin x＋cos xx2.跟蹤訓(xùn)練2 求下列函數(shù)的導(dǎo)數(shù)（1）y＝tan x； （2）y＝2sin x2cos x2解析：（1）y＝tan x＝sin xcos x，故y′＝?sin x?′cos x－?cos x?′sin x?cos x?2＝cos2x＋sin2xcos2x＝1cos2x.（2）y＝2sin x2cos x2＝sin x，故y′＝cos x.例5 日常生活中的飲用水通常是經(jīng)過凈化的，隨著水的純凈度的提高，所需進(jìn)化費(fèi)用不斷增加，已知將1t水進(jìn)化到純凈度為x%所需費(fèi)用（單位：元），為c(x)=5284/(100-x) (80<x<100)求進(jìn)化到下列純凈度時，所需進(jìn)化費(fèi)用的瞬時變化率：（1） 90% ；（2） 98%解：凈化費(fèi)用的瞬時變化率就是凈化費(fèi)用函數(shù)的導(dǎo)數(shù)；c^' (x)=〖(5284/(100-x))〗^'=(5284^’×(100-x)-"5284 " 〖(100-x)〗^’)/〖(100-x)〗^2 =(0×(100-x)-"5284 " ×(-1))/〖(100-x)〗^2 ="5284 " /〖(100-x)〗^2
人教版新課標(biāo)高中物理必修2探究彈性勢能的表達(dá)式說課稿4篇
設(shè)疑自探：一個壓縮或拉伸的彈簧就是一個“儲能器”，怎樣衡量形變彈簧蘊(yùn)含能量的多少呢？彈簧的彈性勢能的表達(dá)式可能與那幾個物理量有關(guān)？類比：物體的重力勢能與物體所受的重力和高度有關(guān)。那么彈簧的彈性勢能可能與所受彈力的大小和在彈力方向上的位置變化有關(guān)，而由F=kl知彈簧所受彈力等于彈簧的勁度系數(shù)與形變量的乘積。預(yù)測：彈簧的彈性勢能與彈簧的勁度系數(shù)和形變量有關(guān)。學(xué)生討論如何設(shè)計實驗： ①、用同一根彈簧在幾次被壓縮量不同時釋放（勁度系數(shù)相同，改變形變量），觀察小車被彈開的情況。②、分別用兩根彈簧在被壓縮量相同時釋放（形變量相同，勁度系數(shù)不同），觀察小車被彈開的情況。交流探究結(jié)果：彈性勢能隨彈簧形變量增大而增大。隨彈簧的勁度系數(shù)的增大而增大。
人教版高中生物必修1物質(zhì)跨膜運(yùn)輸?shù)姆绞秸f課稿
(4)提出問題:三種運(yùn)輸方式有哪些異同 組織學(xué)生分析填表,反饋和糾正.提出問題:影響自由擴(kuò)散,協(xié)助擴(kuò)散和主動運(yùn)輸速度的主要因素各是什么 畫出細(xì)胞對某物的自由擴(kuò)散,協(xié)助擴(kuò)散和主動運(yùn)輸速度隨細(xì)胞外濃度的改變而變化的曲線圖組織學(xué)生分組討論,并作圖,展示各組的成果.教學(xué)說明:本環(huán)節(jié)鞏固理論知識是對課本知識擴(kuò)展和對重點,難點內(nèi)容的深入理解和總結(jié),只有理解了三種運(yùn)輸方式的異同,才能完成本環(huán)節(jié)教學(xué)任務(wù),既突顯書本知識,又培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作的精神,提高學(xué)生制做圖表的能力和抽象化思維能力的形成.2.大分子的運(yùn)輸引導(dǎo)學(xué)生回憶分泌蛋白的分泌過程,得出胞吐現(xiàn)象,提出問題:那大家知道白細(xì)胞是如何吃掉病菌的嗎 顯示有關(guān)圖片.強(qiáng)調(diào):胞吞和胞吐作用都需要能量提出問題:胞吞和胞吐體現(xiàn)了細(xì)胞膜結(jié)構(gòu)的特點是什么 與書本前面知識相聯(lián)系.(四)技能訓(xùn)練指導(dǎo)學(xué)生就《技能訓(xùn)練》部分進(jìn)行討論五,反饋練習(xí)1.教師小結(jié)幾種運(yùn)輸方式,特別是自由擴(kuò)散,協(xié)助擴(kuò)散和主動運(yùn)輸?shù)奶攸c
人教版高中生物必修1物質(zhì)跨膜運(yùn)輸?shù)膶嵗f課稿
（四）、成果交流教師出示成熟植物細(xì)胞圖，提出原生質(zhì)層的概念，小組交流，教師點撥，得出結(jié)論：1、原生質(zhì)層相當(dāng)于半透膜2、外界溶液濃度大于細(xì)胞液濃度---細(xì)胞失水（質(zhì)壁分離）3、外界溶液濃度小于細(xì)胞液濃度---細(xì)胞失水（質(zhì)壁分離復(fù)原）教師出示有關(guān)細(xì)胞選擇性吸收離子的數(shù)據(jù)資料。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)并探究出不同植物對同一離子吸收量不同，同一植物對不同離子吸收量也不同，得出結(jié)論：4、細(xì)胞膜具有選擇透過性（五）拓展延伸如何用已有知識和技能鑒別兩種蔗糖溶液濃度的大??？用0.1g/mg 0.8g/mg的蔗糖溶液分別做前面的探究實驗會有什么不同的結(jié)果？你得出的結(jié)論是什么？引導(dǎo)學(xué)生總結(jié)出發(fā)生質(zhì)壁分離和質(zhì)壁分離復(fù)原的條件。五、板書設(shè)計好的板書就像一份微型教案，此板書力圖全面而簡明的將授課內(nèi)容傳遞給學(xué)生，清晰直觀，便于學(xué)生理解和記憶，理清文章脈絡(luò)。
