
基于以上分析,為使本堂課圍繞重點、突破難點,同時讓學生在課堂教學中能力得到提高,我設(shè)計如下教學過程。(一)創(chuàng)設(shè)情景認識形變由同學們已有的形變知識入手,引入新課。教師演示:①彈簧的壓縮形變;②彈簧的拉伸形變③視頻播放:竹竿形變、鋼絲的扭轉(zhuǎn)形變。得出形變的概念及各類形變。[設(shè)計意圖:我從生活情景中引入新課,是為了激發(fā)學生的好奇心,為學生學習重點和難點內(nèi)容作鋪墊。]設(shè)問:摩天大樓在風的吹拂下會不會擺動,發(fā)生形變嗎?演示微小形變放大實驗:由于這種形變不容易觀察,會使學生產(chǎn)生疑問:到底有沒有發(fā)生形變?解決的辦法是微小形變的演示實驗。為什么光點會往下移?讓學生帶著問題思考后得出結(jié)論:是由于桌面發(fā)生了形變,但是形變不明顯。為后面解決壓力和支持力都是彈力做好鋪墊。[設(shè)計意圖:使學生知道“放大”是一種科學探究的方法。]

(一)、復習提問1、請說出功的計算公式及功的單位2、我們用哪個物理量表示物體運動的快慢?(二)、創(chuàng)設(shè)情景,引入新課1、播放多媒體素材,用起重機和一個工人搬運幾百塊磚比較哪一種方法好?圖中的情景說明了什么問題?(教師通過所設(shè)計的情景,將學生引入怎樣比較做功快慢,讓學生發(fā)表自己的看法,初步知道物體做功是有快慢之分的。)(三)、進行新課1、比較做功快慢的方法播放多媒體素材并提出問題:怎樣比較兩個人誰做功快誰做功慢?教師啟發(fā):以前學習過要比較兩物體運動的快慢,可以先確定路程再比較時間,也可以先確定時間再比較路程。在路程和時間都不同時,通過計算速度比較兩物體運動的快慢。同理,要比較物體做功的快慢可采用什么方法?

探究一:高中階段功的含義是什么?投影:初中九年級《物理》105頁學生思考:①圖中物體的勢能、動能分別如何變化?②物體能量的變化和做功是否存在關(guān)系?學生:分組討論,得出結(jié)論:如果物體的能量發(fā)生變化時,說明有力對物體做了功。教師:進行點評和小結(jié)(設(shè)計意圖:對初中知識深化理論認識,并為以后功能關(guān)系的教學作準備)探究二:力對物體做功的兩個要素是什么?情景再現(xiàn):找體重相對懸殊的兩位同學,①A同學試圖抱起B(yǎng)同學,但沒成功。②B同學抱起A同學在教室內(nèi)勻速走動。學生思考:在①中,A是否對B做功?在②中,B是否對A做功?學生:分析得出做功的兩要素:物體受到力的作用,并且在力的方向上發(fā)生位移.教師:讓學生分別例舉生活中力對物體做功和不做功的例子,(設(shè)計意圖:讓學生親身參與課堂實驗,烘托課堂氣氛,相互協(xié)作增進同學情誼)探究三:如果物體的位移不再力的方向上,那么力是否還對物體做功?

f.有絲分裂的意義(討論分析教學),首先引導學生結(jié)合所學知識討論有絲分裂的的作用,最后有教師歸納總結(jié),并要求學生在理解的基礎(chǔ)上記憶。g.無絲分裂(圖形直觀教學、簡介),本部分內(nèi)容不是教學的重點,內(nèi)容也相對簡單,所以我的教學方法是直接給學生展示掛圖,再進行簡短介紹,讓學生了解即可。h.引出減數(shù)分裂的概念,為第五章學習打下基礎(chǔ)。小結(jié):新課講完以后由教師對本節(jié)內(nèi)容進行總結(jié)鞏固和反饋:進行一些課堂練習達到鞏固和反饋的作用。最后布置作業(yè),各種難度的作業(yè)題目均設(shè)置一些,其中簡單題比重大,難題要求學生選作,這樣提高學生學習積極性。2教學媒體程序設(shè)計: 細胞周期的概念(多媒體課件演示周期動畫)植物細胞有絲分裂(多媒體課件演示分裂各期動畫)動植物細胞有絲分裂異同點(多媒體課件演示分裂各期動畫)有絲分裂過程中DNA和染色體數(shù)量的變化規(guī)律(掛圖演示,包括表格和函數(shù)圖象)

4、最后從生物的壽命引入,探討細胞的死亡。強調(diào)細胞死亡有兩種形式。(1).細胞壞死,它是由某些外界因素造成細胞急速死亡,是一種被動性死亡;(2).細胞凋亡,這是一種由特定基因控制的主動性死亡。細胞壞死與細胞凋亡在形態(tài)學和生物化學上有著明顯的區(qū)別。細胞凋亡有廣泛的生物學意義,比如胚胎發(fā)育期手的發(fā)育如果沒有細胞的調(diào)亡就不會有纖細的手指;如果沒有正常的細胞調(diào)亡,蝌蚪的尾部就不會消失,它將永遠不能變成青蛙……。正常的細胞調(diào)亡還肩負著維持各種組織器官固有體積和形態(tài)的功能;還會使機體內(nèi)異常的細胞得到及時清除,去處潛在的隱患;例如癌癥就是異常的細胞沒有及時死亡的結(jié)果……。因此細胞的正常死亡是生物體的一種非常重要的調(diào)節(jié)機制,是機體平衡細胞增殖,調(diào)節(jié)機體細胞樹木恒定的方式,是必不可少的生命過程。(15分鐘)5、課堂小結(jié),可以把課堂傳授的知識盡快地轉(zhuǎn)化為學生的素質(zhì);簡單扼要的課堂小結(jié),可使學生更深刻地理解政治理論在實際生活中的應用,并且逐漸地培養(yǎng)學生具有良好的個性。

(3)如何做到兼顧效率與公平?這部分知識點我結(jié)合上面的圖片,設(shè)疑:“請大家對這一社會現(xiàn)象進行討論,我們?nèi)绾尾拍茏龅郊葓猿中视旨骖櫣??”導入這部分的分析。學生在討論的過程中對如何兼顧效率與公平已經(jīng)形成了一定的見解,結(jié)合圖片,為兼顧效率與公平獻計獻策,尋求兩者的最佳結(jié)合點?;脽羝故荆涸鯓硬拍茏龅郊骖櫺逝c公平?第一,允許和鼓勵一部分地區(qū)和個人通過誠實勞動和合法經(jīng)營先富起來,帶動其他地區(qū)和個人致富,最終達到共同富裕。第二,既要反對平均主義,又要防止收入差距懸殊。既要落實分配政策,又要提倡奉獻精神;在鼓勵人們創(chuàng)業(yè)致富,提倡回報社會和先富幫后富。第三,必須正確處理初次分配注重效率與再次分配注重公平的關(guān)系。在講授過程中,還展示大量圖片。結(jié)合圖片分析。設(shè)計意圖:體現(xiàn)課堂上學生的主體地位,讓學生在觀看中體驗,在討論中升華,從而體會構(gòu)建和諧社會的重要意義。

一、說教材(一)說教材的地位和作用《股票、債券、保險》是人教版必修1《經(jīng)濟生活》第六課,第二框題的內(nèi)容。本框題承接前面“企業(yè)與勞動者”:企業(yè)的發(fā)展資金從何而來,同時又為下一課“個人收入與分配”做好了鋪墊,它在整個教材中起承上啟下的作用。因此,本框題在《經(jīng)濟生活》中具有不容忽視的重要的地位。(二)說教學目標根據(jù)高一新課程標準要求,本教材的結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容分析,結(jié)合著高一年級學生的認知結(jié)構(gòu)及其心理特征,我制定了以下的教學目標:1、知識目標(1)股票的含義、收益、特點和發(fā)展股票市場的意義。(2)債券的含義與分類(3)商業(yè)保險的含義與訂立原則2、能力目標(1)重點培養(yǎng)學生辯證思維的能力,發(fā)現(xiàn)和分析、解決問題的能力。3、情感、態(tài)度與價值觀目標培養(yǎng)科學理財?shù)囊庾R,形成“投資理財,利國利己”的觀念。(三)說教學的重、難點本著高一新課程標準,在吃透教材基礎(chǔ)上,我確定了以下的教學重點和難點

一、對教材內(nèi)容的處理根據(jù)新課程標準的要求、知識的跨度、學生的認知水平,我對教材內(nèi)容有增有減。二、教學策略的選用(一)運用了模擬活動,強化學生的生活體驗,本框題知識所對應的經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)象,學生已具有了一定的生活體驗,但是缺乏對這種體驗的深入思考。因此在進一步強化這種體驗的過程中進行了思考和認知,使知識從學生的生活體驗中來,從學生的思考探究中來,有助于提高學生的興趣,有助于充分調(diào)動學生現(xiàn)有的知識,培養(yǎng)學生的各種能力,也有助于實現(xiàn)理論知識與實際生活的交融。(二)組織學生探究知識并形成新的知識我從學生的生活體驗入手,運用案例等形式創(chuàng)設(shè)情境呈現(xiàn)問題,使學生在自主探索、合作交流的過程中,發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、分析問題、解決問題,在問題的分析與解決中主動構(gòu)建知識。也正是由于這些認識來自于學生自身的體驗,因此學生不僅“懂”了,而且“信”了。從內(nèi)心上認同這些觀點,進而能夠主動地內(nèi)化為自己的情感、態(tài)度、價值觀,并融入到實踐活動中去,有助于實現(xiàn)知、行、信的統(tǒng)一。

第一環(huán)節(jié):關(guān)于勞動光榮和就業(yè)的意義。這兩個問題學生在自主閱讀的基礎(chǔ)上,教師設(shè)疑,給出兩個人物事跡,一是農(nóng)民工劉俊剛把青春獻給第二個家鄉(xiāng)的城市美容師;一是北大學子李彥宏自主創(chuàng)業(yè),創(chuàng)建百度公司,啟發(fā)學生比較、思考。很多學生傾向于要做李彥宏,教師則適時引導:難道清潔工的勞動不重要嗎?經(jīng)過辯論,歸納出勞動和就業(yè)的意義。接著利用教材中李師傅的事例,進行問題探究,“李師傅找不到工作的原因是什么?”從主客觀兩方面分析,帶著問題進入到下一環(huán)節(jié)學習。第二環(huán)節(jié):突出重點。多媒體展示:通過數(shù)字的列舉及對占有材料的分析,既看到了我國就業(yè)形勢嚴峻,也介紹了國家關(guān)注民生,實施積極的就業(yè)政策。在此基礎(chǔ)上,教師啟發(fā)學生歸納“我國就業(yè)嚴峻的原因及對策?”學生把教材理論與生活中的現(xiàn)實材料相結(jié)合,進行探究,得出就業(yè)形勢嚴峻的主要原因及其相應對策。

環(huán)節(jié)三情景模擬 情感升華首先:1、本課開始觀看的視頻中:選出村長體現(xiàn)了村民參加選舉的什么態(tài)度?生活中一些人“多我一票不多,少我一票不少,選舉與我無關(guān)"的想法2、你如何看待上述兩種不同態(tài)度?為什么?發(fā)表你的看法【教師這個過程中點撥、引導】如果我們都不珍惜自己的選舉權(quán),那么我們的國家將會出現(xiàn)什么后果?3、那么作為將來選民和被選舉人,你們認為應具有那些政治素養(yǎng)才能適應?學生結(jié)合教材思考(1)(提示)不行使或不認真行使自己的選舉權(quán),意味著我們將不能選舉出能為人民謀福利的當家人,意味著我們的國家將由重蹈舊中國的覆轍。(2)從態(tài)度上講:公民應積極參加選舉,認真行使這一權(quán)利,不斷增強公民意識和主人翁意識,增強公民的參與感和責任感。(3)從能力上講:要不斷提高公民的政治參與能力(政治素質(zhì)、文化素質(zhì)、議政能力),在周全考慮、理性判斷的基礎(chǔ)上,鄭重地投出自己的一票。

環(huán)節(jié)四 課堂小結(jié) 鞏固知識本節(jié)課我采用線索性的板書,整個知識結(jié)構(gòu)一目了然,為了充分發(fā)揮學生在課堂的主體地位,我將課堂小結(jié)交由學生完成,請學生根據(jù)課堂學習的內(nèi)容,結(jié)合我的板書設(shè)計來進行小結(jié),以此來幫助教師在第一時間掌握學生學習信息的反饋,同時培養(yǎng)學生歸納分析能力、概括能力。環(huán)節(jié)五 情景回歸,情感升華我的實習指導老師告訴過我們,政治這一門學科要從生活中來到生活去,所以在課堂的最后讓學生考察自己所在社區(qū)存在的問題,然后制定監(jiān)督方案,以此培養(yǎng)學生對理論的實際運用能力,同時檢驗他們對知識的真正掌握情況,以此達到情感的升華,本節(jié)課,我根據(jù)建構(gòu)主義理論,強調(diào)學生是學習的中心,學生是知識意義的主動建構(gòu)者,是信息加工的主體,要強調(diào)學生在課堂中的參與性、以及探究性,不僅讓他們懂得知識,更讓他們相信知識,并且將知識融入到實踐當中去,最終達到知、情、意、行的統(tǒng)一。

由此引導學生的深思,學生通過合作探究,幫助學生認識到不注重思想道德修養(yǎng),即使掌握了豐富的科學知識,也難以避免人格上的缺失,甚至危害社會。進而總結(jié)出關(guān)系二:加強思想道德修養(yǎng),能夠促進科學文化修養(yǎng)。科學文化修養(yǎng)的意義播放感動中國人物徐本禹先進事跡短片。學生觀看完視頻后,思考:從徐本禹的事跡中,我們可以了解到我們加強科學文化修養(yǎng)的根本意義是什么?引導學生結(jié)合自身體會,發(fā)表各自見解,在此基礎(chǔ)上幫助學生總結(jié)出,要使自己的思想道德境界不斷升華,為人民服務的本領(lǐng)不斷提高,成為一個真正有知識文化涵養(yǎng)的人,成為一個脫離低級趣味的人、有益于人民的人。知識點三:追求更高的思想道德目標根據(jù)教材110探究活動(思想道德的差異、反應人們世界觀、人生觀、價值觀的差異)思考:用公民的基本道德規(guī)范來衡量這些觀點,你贊成哪些觀點?反對哪些觀點?小組進行合作探究,引導學生根據(jù)公民基本道德規(guī)范對這些價值觀進行評析。

(3)改造主觀世界同改造客觀世界的關(guān)系。改造客觀世界同改造主觀世界,是相互聯(lián)系、相互作用的。改造主觀世界是為了更好地改造客觀世界,人們在改造客觀世界的同時也改造著自己的主觀世界。通過自覺改造主觀世界,又能提高改造客觀世界的能力。師:人們對自己的思想道德境界的追求,是永遠止境的。讓我們共同努力,在踐行社會主義思想道德的過程中,不斷追求更高的目標,像無數(shù)先輩那樣,加入到為共產(chǎn)主義遠大理想而奮斗的行列中吧!課堂小結(jié)通過本節(jié)課學習使我們認識到面對現(xiàn)實生活中的思想道德沖突,加強知識文化修養(yǎng)和思想道德修養(yǎng),不斷追求更高的思想道德目標的必要性;把握了知識文化修養(yǎng)與思想道德修養(yǎng)的含義及其相互關(guān)系;明確了我們應該和怎樣追求更高的思想道德目標;認識到這是一個永無止境的過程。我們要腳踏實地,從現(xiàn)在做起、從點滴小事做起,不斷提高知識文化修養(yǎng)和思想道德修養(yǎng),追求更高的思想道德目標。

1.做學問之前首先學會做人2.知識文化修養(yǎng)和思想道德修養(yǎng)的關(guān)系三.追求更高的思想道德目標㈤ 說教學評價和反思:1.這節(jié)課主要是以學生為主體,老師為主導,讓學生充分發(fā)表自己的看法,把理論的知識結(jié)合在實際的日常生活中,鼓勵學生充分發(fā)表自己的意見,能調(diào)動學生學習的積極性,達到教學目的。這節(jié)課學生討論,發(fā)言的機會很多,但由于我校的學生的基礎(chǔ)薄弱,在發(fā)言時難免偏離老師引導的方向,甚至出現(xiàn)毫不相干的說法,由于本人經(jīng)驗不夠此時如何去引導他們可能做的還不夠好。2.新課程的教學,如何突破書本知識的局限,延伸更深層次的內(nèi)容是一個難題。本節(jié)課在知識的處理上,把道德的重要性與道德的層次兩個知識點補充了進去,目的是讓學生在學習之前有一個情感的鋪墊,從而更好地達到教學目標。

師:在科學發(fā)展過程中,前一個理論體系的不完善之處,往往是新的研究和新的發(fā)現(xiàn)的突破口。開普勒之后,意大利天文學家伽利略創(chuàng)制了天文望遠鏡,用更加精確的觀察繼續(xù)發(fā)展和驗證哥白尼創(chuàng)立的新天文學理論。除了用望遠鏡進行天文觀察以外,伽利略還開始進行自然科學的實驗研究,哪位同學能給大家講一講伽利略在比薩斜塔上所作的關(guān)于物體自由下落的實驗?生:(講述這一實驗)師:所以,伽利略在科學方面更加重要的貢獻是奠定了近代實驗科學的基礎(chǔ)。(2)實驗科學和唯物主義師:伽利略從實踐上開辟了實驗科學的方法,而英國唯物主義哲學家培根則從理論上闡述了實驗科學的方法——歸納法。培根和伽利略同被稱為實驗科學之父,培根還有一句影響深刻的名言:“知識就是力量”,表明了他注重知識,尊崇科學的精神。我們再來概括一下意大利哲學家布魯諾的唯物主義思想,是否有同學可以簡述布魯諾的生平事跡?

4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative動詞-ing形式作表語,它通常位于系動詞后面,用以說明主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”一種表示主語的特質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài), 其作用相當于形容詞; 另一種具體說明主語的內(nèi)容, 即主語等同于表語, 兩者可互換。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他們演奏的音樂聽起來令人激動。The result is disappointing. 結(jié)果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。Seeing is believing. 眼見為實。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing

The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.

The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.

Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.

The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.
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