
無(wú)論她說(shuō)什么都不會(huì)對(duì)我們的安排有影響。Answers: for, arrangement3) Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.父母為孩子安排好一切,不遺余力地為他們的成功鋪路。4. extremely adv 極其,非常extreme adj 非常的1) Mary found it extremely difficult to get a job.2) I’m extremely sorry to have troubled you.Answers:瑪麗發(fā)現(xiàn)找工作極其困難。給你添了麻煩,我十分抱歉。3) It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved _________ (extreme) popular with the public.它有白色的隧道和明亮的紅色車廂,結(jié)果證明它非常受大眾的歡迎。Answers: extremelyExercises1. I am continuing to apply_______ jobs though I have failed several times.2. All this had an _______ (extremely) bad effect on the criminal justice system.3. The invention would have wide ______ (apply) in industry.4. She’s happy with her unusual living _________ (arrange).5. I was banging so loudly that I’m ___________ (amaze) that they didn’t hear me.6. You haven’t changed at all you still look ___________ (exact) the same.7. “Was it what you expected?” “Yes, _________ (definite).”8. He was looking forward to______ (work) with the newPrime Minister. Answers: for extreme application arrangement amazed exactly definitely looking單句寫作:1. _______________ (你要說(shuō)些什么) when you get on the platform to accept the reward?2. Since_____________________(我們?yōu)檫@些事情做好了準(zhǔn)備), we have nothing to worry about.

II Learn the technical terms-2.1. What can be used as “Subject, Object, Predicative, Direct Object, Indirect Object and objective complement” in a sentence?2. What can be used as “adverbial” in a sentence?3. What can be used as “verb” in a sentence?Answers to questions 1-3:1. Nouns, pronouns and appellations can be used as “Subject, Object, Predicative, Direct Object, Indirect Object and Objective Complement”. Besides, adjectives can be used as “Predicative and Objective Complement” in a sentence.2. Adverbs and prepositional phrases can be used as “Adverbial”.3. Verbs with actual meaning can be used as “Verb” in a sentence. Auxiliary verbs alone cannot be used as “Verb” in a sentence.III Learn to recognize the sentence structures.1. SV structure. For Example:(1) A bird flies.S V(2) A monkey jumps.S V(3) A fish swims.S V√ In SV structures, verbs are “intransitive verbs”.2. SVO structure. For Example:(1) A sheep eats grass.S V O(2) They like bananas.S V O(3) He wants candy.S V O√ In SVO structures, verbs are “transitive verbs”.3. SP structure. For Example:(1) This is great.S P (2) He looks well.S P (3) She became a teacher.S P √ In SP structures, Predicatives are formed by “l(fā)ink verbs” and “adjectives or nouns”.√ link verbs: be, become, grow, look, feel, taste, etc.4. SV IO DO structure. For Example:(1) He asked me a question.S V IO DO(2) Danny wrote me a letter.S V IO DO(3) Billy brought Sam a kite.S V IO DO√ In SV IO DO structures, the verbs are transitive and are followed by two objectives – pronouns or nouns as Indirect Objective, and nouns as Direct Objectives.

This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “restrictive relative clauses.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the relative pronouns and relative adverbs. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar, such as the “preposition+ relative pronouns which and whom” and cases where we can omit the relative pronouns. This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning restrictive relative clauses flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses.本節(jié)語(yǔ)法思考:定語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中的作用是什么? 關(guān)系詞有哪些?定語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞,它在句中作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞或代詞。他們?cè)谙刃性~和定語(yǔ)從句之間起到聯(lián)系作用,同時(shí)在意義上代表先行詞并在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)任一個(gè)成分。被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞稱先行詞,定語(yǔ)從句一般放在先行詞的后面。

The listening and speaking part aims at how to protect and help endangered animals by listening, speaking and talking about the facts and reasons. This lesson analyzes the decreasing clause of Tibetan antelope population and the measures of protecting Tibetan antelopes. So students can be guided to learn to analyse the title and use different reading skills or strategies, like scanning, skimming and careful reading.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.Step 1 Leading-inWatch a video about elephants and whales and then ask:Why are they endangered ? They are killed/hunted

Step 1 Lead inThere are many interest of places in the UK. What do you know ?The Big Ben the London Tower the Thames RiverStep 2 Before reading---analyze the titleBeautiful Ireland and its traditionWe know that the article mainly tells about the beauty and traditions of Ireland. Step 3 While reading---Task 1Read the text and answer the following questions.Q1: What makes the Irish countryside exciting and inspiring?Its beauty and how it offers something for all the scenes.Q2: What are the best ways to experience some Irish traditions and cultures?By stopping by a village pub and relaxing with a drink and traditional meal while listening to music and watching dancingQ3: What is the meaning of “breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song ?”It means to not just smell but also breathe in the smell of fresh flowers early in the morning as the birds sing their first song of the new day.Q4: What are the best ways to experience Chinese traditions and customs ?By travelling to different places and using all your senses to experience everything and by interacting with local people.Step 4 While reading---Task 2Analyze the descriptive paragraph1. Identify and underline the paragraph’s introductory sentence and the ending sentence.Introductory sentence: Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on its people and traditions.Ending sentence: And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.2. The paragraph talks about different senses in different places. Write the senses and places in the order that they appear.

The Internet celebrity Gao Yifeng. Years ago, he owned 5 companies and the staffs over 1,000, but during the economy crisis, he became nothing but debt. He was so worried that his hair became white overnight. There was a time when he wanted to killed himself. But after listening to the song Start Over by Liu Huan, he decided to cheer himself up. He started a steamed bun shop and gradually became a national chain shops. Now he became successful again.Walter Haddon said, “Music is the medicine of a troubled mind.” Music contains such a pleasant and inspiring force. Music gave him courage and bravery. When he listened to the song, it made his spirit fly like a kite in the wind. Music gave him strength and brought him relief. It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times. I hope none of us have to go through the same kind of suffering that he did. At the same time, we all go through various periods when we feel sad or alone. During those times, music can help us in the same way that it helped him. I hope we all will somehow begin to treasure music and make it a part of our life. Thank you for your listening !5.Revise your writing each other.Does he/she explain how music has changed his/her/someone else’s life?Are some of the rhetorical devices included and used properly ?Does he/she talk about how music makes him/her/someone feel?Is the first word in each sentences capitalised?Does he/she use correct punctuation ?

三、教育在文化傳承中的作用 ★ 教師活動(dòng):引導(dǎo)學(xué)生閱讀教材46頁(yè)內(nèi)容,并思考在文化傳承中,教育有什么作用?★ 學(xué)生活動(dòng):積極思考并討論問(wèn)題 1、教育是人類特有的傳承文化的能動(dòng)性活動(dòng),具有選擇、傳遞、創(chuàng)造文化的特定功能,在人的教化與培育上始終扮演著重要的角色。 ★ 2、教育通過(guò)對(duì)受教育者的“傳道、授業(yè)、解惑”,把文化傳遞給下一代。 教育能夠以濃縮的形式,重演人類在漫長(zhǎng)的歷史中走過(guò)的認(rèn)識(shí)世界的過(guò)程,使人們?cè)谟邢薜膶W(xué)習(xí)生涯中獲得既有的文化財(cái)富,“站在前人的肩膀上”從事文化創(chuàng)造。 3、隨著教育方式的不斷變革,教育在人類文化的傳承中將產(chǎn)生越來(lái)越大的影響?!?2)文化對(duì)社會(huì)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生深刻影響 ★ 文化作為一種精神力量,對(duì)人類社會(huì)的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生著深刻的影響,先進(jìn)的、健康的文化對(duì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生巨大的促進(jìn)作用,反動(dòng)的、腐朽沒(méi)落的文化則對(duì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展起著重大的阻礙作用。

二、 教學(xué)目標(biāo)1、知識(shí)目標(biāo):識(shí)記影響文化發(fā)展的重要因素;理解文化繼承與文化發(fā)展的關(guān)系。教育在文化傳承中的重要作用;聯(lián)系具體事例,說(shuō)明應(yīng)如何正確繼承和發(fā)展傳統(tǒng)文化;結(jié)合自身體會(huì),談?wù)劷逃谖幕瘋鞒兄械淖饔谩?、能力目標(biāo):結(jié)合分析文化繼承與文化發(fā)展的關(guān)系,提高歸納與分析問(wèn)題的能力;利用教材提供的情景和問(wèn)題,提高學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)、合作學(xué)習(xí)和初步探究學(xué)習(xí)的能力。3情感、態(tài)度、價(jià)值觀目標(biāo):通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)本課內(nèi)容,使學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)文化發(fā)展的歷史過(guò)程,正確把握文化傳承中繼承和發(fā)展的辯證關(guān)系,從而作出正確的文化選擇,做自覺(jué)的文化傳承者和享用者。三、 教學(xué)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)文化繼承與發(fā)展的關(guān)系,教育對(duì)文化發(fā)展的作用四、 學(xué)情分析:關(guān)于文化繼承和文化發(fā)展的關(guān)系,學(xué)生易于理解,身邊事例較多;關(guān)于影響文化發(fā)展的重要因素部分,可成分利用好學(xué)生已有的歷史知識(shí)作為重要的教學(xué)資源;關(guān)于教育方式變革對(duì)文化傳承的影響,學(xué)生更有直接的感受,可以作為教學(xué)資源。

1.加強(qiáng)社會(huì)主義文化建設(shè)的必要性在人類歷史的長(zhǎng)河中,各種思想文化總是相互沖擊、交匯、融合.奔騰向前,永不停息。今天,我們面對(duì)的文化有傳統(tǒng)的和現(xiàn)代的、外來(lái)的和本土的、進(jìn)步的和落后的、先進(jìn)的和腐朽的、積極的和頹廢的,等等。各種各樣的文化有吸納又有排斥,有融合又有斗爭(zhēng),有滲透又有抵御,呈現(xiàn)出前所未有的相互交織、相互激蕩之勢(shì)。在這種文化發(fā)展的大背景下,在我國(guó)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)過(guò)程中,有必要弘揚(yáng)我國(guó)社會(huì)主義的主流文化,這樣有利于保證我國(guó)社會(huì)主義文化發(fā)展的方向。2.大力加強(qiáng)社會(huì)主義文化建設(shè)(1)中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義文化在我國(guó)文化生活中處于主導(dǎo)地位。中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義文化,始終堅(jiān)持以科學(xué)的理論武裝人,以正確的輿論引導(dǎo)人,以高尚的精神塑造人,以優(yōu)秀的作品鼓舞人,無(wú)論是思想內(nèi)容還是表現(xiàn)形式,都發(fā)揮著強(qiáng)有力的導(dǎo)向和示范作用。社會(huì)主義文化以其自身的科學(xué)性和先進(jìn)性,并依靠社會(huì)主義政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)力量,在人民大眾的文化生活中始終占據(jù)著主導(dǎo)地位。

一、教材分析人教實(shí)驗(yàn)版高中思想政治必修4第二單元第六課的第二框題。本框題所在單元的核心問(wèn)題是如何看待我們周圍的世界,該問(wèn)題也是《生活與哲學(xué)》整本書的核心問(wèn)題之一。而對(duì)這一問(wèn)題的解決,單元中最終是由“在實(shí)踐中追求和發(fā)展真理”來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。 本框題是所在單元的歸宿,是對(duì)物質(zhì)與意識(shí)、實(shí)踐與認(rèn)識(shí)關(guān)系的整體呈現(xiàn)與深華,是如何正確看到我們周圍世界問(wèn)題在世界觀上的升華,是單元的最基本的知識(shí)目標(biāo)之一。 二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)(一)知識(shí)目標(biāo):識(shí)記真理的含義;理解真理最基本屬性是客觀性、真理是有條件的、具體的,認(rèn)識(shí)具有反復(fù)性、無(wú)限性,在實(shí)踐中認(rèn)識(shí)、發(fā)現(xiàn)、檢驗(yàn)、發(fā)展真理;分析“追求 真理是一個(gè)過(guò)程”。(二)能力目標(biāo):提高比較分析的能力和明辨是非的能力,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生具體問(wèn)題具體分析的能力及用發(fā)展觀點(diǎn)看問(wèn)題的能力。(三)情感、態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀目標(biāo):學(xué)會(huì)在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中正確區(qū)分真理和謬誤,正確對(duì)待人生道路上面臨的挫折和困難,樹(shù)立在實(shí)踐中不斷認(rèn)識(shí)、豐富、發(fā)展真理的思想。

二、課堂教學(xué)(課前由科代表發(fā)回預(yù)習(xí)學(xué)案)1、教師根據(jù)預(yù)習(xí)學(xué)案檢查結(jié)果提出問(wèn)題(用多媒體展示),引導(dǎo)全班討論(重點(diǎn)討論:①、為什么動(dòng)能的表達(dá)式一定是 mV2 ?你如何得出這個(gè)結(jié)論?②、力在一個(gè)過(guò)程中對(duì)物體所做的功,和物體在這個(gè)過(guò)程中動(dòng)能的變化量有什么關(guān)系?你如何得出這個(gè)結(jié)論?這個(gè)做功的力和F=ma中的力F有什么關(guān)系)。有困難的小組應(yīng)及時(shí)問(wèn)老師。老師在這個(gè)過(guò)程中巡視指導(dǎo)。2、學(xué)生自主閱讀課文“7 動(dòng)能和動(dòng)能定理”中的“動(dòng)能的表達(dá)式”,然后完成如下練習(xí)(教師在此過(guò)程中巡視指導(dǎo)):2.1嘗試推出動(dòng)能的表達(dá)式(鼓勵(lì)會(huì)推導(dǎo)的同學(xué)積極上臺(tái)板演,老師引導(dǎo)討論)。2.2寫出動(dòng)能的小結(jié)(認(rèn)真閱讀教材p66倒數(shù)第二段、第三段,結(jié)合你推導(dǎo)動(dòng)能表達(dá)式的過(guò)程,認(rèn)真思考后四人一組討論:①、動(dòng)能是矢量還是標(biāo)量?②、動(dòng)能的單位是什么?③、你認(rèn)為應(yīng)從哪幾方面來(lái)理解動(dòng)能?)

演示實(shí)驗(yàn)1、將一張紙和一張金屬片在同一高度同時(shí)釋放,結(jié)果金屬片先著地。教師不發(fā)表意見(jiàn),繼續(xù)做實(shí)驗(yàn)。分別將實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容和實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果板書在黑板上。2、將剛才的紙片緊緊捏成一團(tuán),再次與硬幣同時(shí)釋放,結(jié)果兩者幾乎同時(shí)落地。3、將兩個(gè)完全一樣的紙片,一個(gè)捏成團(tuán),一個(gè)平展,則紙團(tuán)下落快。師:物體下落快慢是由質(zhì)量決定嗎?生:不是的!師:為什么這樣說(shuō)?生:第2個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)和第三實(shí)驗(yàn)都說(shuō)明了這個(gè)問(wèn)題,特別是第3個(gè)問(wèn)題,質(zhì)量一樣卻下落有快慢之分。師:那你現(xiàn)在覺(jué)得物體下落快慢由什么因素決定呢?生:我想應(yīng)該是空氣阻力。猜想師:如果影響物體下落快慢的因素是空氣阻力,那么在沒(méi)有空氣阻力,物體的下落快慢應(yīng)該是一樣的,這種猜想是不是正確呢?我們來(lái)做一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證一下。

一、教學(xué)目標(biāo)1、知識(shí)與技能(1)知道時(shí)間和時(shí)刻的含義以及它們的區(qū)別。知道在實(shí)驗(yàn)室測(cè)量時(shí)間的方法。(2)知道位移的概念,知道它是表示質(zhì)點(diǎn)位置變動(dòng)的物理量,知道它是矢量,可以用有向線段來(lái)表示。(3)知道位移和路程的區(qū)別。2、過(guò)程與方法(1)聯(lián)系生活實(shí)際,通過(guò)師生共同討論的方法來(lái)確定時(shí)刻與時(shí)間、位置、位移及其路程的關(guān)系。(2)通過(guò)類比的數(shù)學(xué)方法用數(shù)學(xué)上的點(diǎn)、線段來(lái)突破時(shí)刻與時(shí)間的關(guān)系,直線運(yùn)動(dòng)的位置和位移。(3)嘗試運(yùn)用所學(xué)的概念判斷一些與生活相關(guān)的實(shí)際問(wèn)題。3.情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀(1)通過(guò)本節(jié)課的學(xué)習(xí),使學(xué)生體會(huì)到物理現(xiàn)象和規(guī)律所蘊(yùn)含的自然美。(2)通過(guò)對(duì)問(wèn)題的討論,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生勇于探究與日常生活有關(guān)的物理學(xué)問(wèn)題。(3)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生有主動(dòng)與他人合作的團(tuán)隊(duì)精神,提高學(xué)生的科學(xué)素養(yǎng)。二、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn):1、時(shí)間、時(shí)刻、位置、位移的概念。2、矢量與標(biāo)量的概念。

①平動(dòng)的物體一般可以看作質(zhì)點(diǎn)做平動(dòng)的物體,由于物體上各點(diǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)情況相同,可以用一個(gè)點(diǎn)代表整個(gè)物體的運(yùn)動(dòng),在這種情況下,物體的大小、形狀就無(wú)關(guān)緊要了,可以把整個(gè)物體當(dāng)質(zhì)點(diǎn)。例如:平直公路上行駛的汽車,車身上各部分的運(yùn)動(dòng)情況相同,當(dāng)我們把汽車作為一個(gè)整體來(lái)研究它的運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)候,就可以把汽車當(dāng)作質(zhì)點(diǎn)。當(dāng)然,假如我們需要研究汽車輪胎的運(yùn)動(dòng),由于輪胎上各部分運(yùn)動(dòng)情況不相同,那就不能把它看作質(zhì)點(diǎn)了。要注意的是:同一物體在不同情況下有時(shí)可看質(zhì)點(diǎn),有時(shí)不可以看作質(zhì)點(diǎn),一列火車從北京開(kāi)到上海,研究火車的運(yùn)行的時(shí)間,可將火車看成質(zhì)點(diǎn),而火車過(guò)橋時(shí),計(jì)算火車過(guò)橋的時(shí)間,不可以將火車看成質(zhì)點(diǎn)。②有轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)但轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)為次要因素例如:研究地球公轉(zhuǎn)時(shí),可把地球看作質(zhì)點(diǎn);研究地球自轉(zhuǎn)時(shí),不能把地球看作質(zhì)點(diǎn)。③物體的形狀、大小可忽略再如:乒乓球旋轉(zhuǎn)對(duì)球的運(yùn)動(dòng)的較大的影響,運(yùn)動(dòng)員在發(fā)球、擊球時(shí)都要考慮,就不能把乒乓球簡(jiǎn)單看作質(zhì)點(diǎn)。

2、過(guò)程與方法(1)聯(lián)系生活實(shí)際,通過(guò)師生共同討論的方法來(lái)確定時(shí)刻與時(shí)間、位置、位移及其路程的關(guān)系。(2)通過(guò)類比的數(shù)學(xué)方法用數(shù)學(xué)上的點(diǎn)、線段來(lái)突破時(shí)刻與時(shí)間的關(guān)系,直線運(yùn)動(dòng)的位置和位移。(3)嘗試運(yùn)用所學(xué)的概念判斷一些與生活相關(guān)的實(shí)際問(wèn)題。3.情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀(1)通過(guò)本節(jié)課的學(xué)習(xí),使學(xué)生體會(huì)到物理現(xiàn)象和規(guī)律所蘊(yùn)含的自然美。(2)通過(guò)對(duì)問(wèn)題的討論,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生勇于探究與日常生活有關(guān)的物理學(xué)問(wèn)題。(3)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生有主動(dòng)與他人合作的團(tuán)隊(duì)精神,提高學(xué)生的科學(xué)素養(yǎng)。二、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn):1、時(shí)間、時(shí)刻、位置、位移的概念。2、矢量與標(biāo)量的概念。難點(diǎn):1、時(shí)刻與時(shí)間、路程和位移的區(qū)別。2、用坐標(biāo)表示時(shí)刻、時(shí)間、位移的方法。3、矢量與標(biāo)量的區(qū)別。

(二)進(jìn)行新課1、動(dòng)能與勢(shì)能的相互轉(zhuǎn)化演示實(shí)驗(yàn)1:如右圖,用細(xì)線、小球、帶有標(biāo)尺的鐵架臺(tái)等做實(shí)驗(yàn)。把一個(gè)小球用細(xì)線懸掛起來(lái),把小球拉到一定高度的A點(diǎn),然后放開(kāi),小球在擺動(dòng)過(guò)程中,重力勢(shì)能和動(dòng)能相互轉(zhuǎn)化。我們看到,小球可以擺到跟A點(diǎn)等高的C點(diǎn),如圖甲。如果用尺子在某一點(diǎn)擋住細(xì)線,小球雖然不能擺到C點(diǎn),但擺到另一側(cè)時(shí),也能達(dá)到跟A點(diǎn)相同的高度,如圖乙。問(wèn)題:這個(gè)小實(shí)驗(yàn)中,小球的受力情況如何?各個(gè)力的做功情況如何?這個(gè)小實(shí)驗(yàn)說(shuō)明了什么?學(xué)生觀察演示實(shí)驗(yàn),思考問(wèn)題,選出代表發(fā)表見(jiàn)解。小球在擺動(dòng)過(guò)程中受重力和繩的拉力作用。拉力和速度方向總垂直,對(duì)小球不做功;只有重力對(duì)小球能做功。實(shí)驗(yàn)證明,小球在擺動(dòng)過(guò)程中重力勢(shì)能和動(dòng)能在不斷轉(zhuǎn)化。在擺動(dòng)過(guò)程中,小球總能回到原來(lái)的高度??梢?jiàn),重力勢(shì)能和動(dòng)能的總和保持不變。即機(jī)械能保持不變。

世界能源問(wèn)題的解決途徑是什么?能源,是人類敕以生存和進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)的不可缺少的資源.近年來(lái),隨著生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展和能源消費(fèi)的增長(zhǎng).能源問(wèn)題已被列為世界上研究的重大問(wèn)題之一.解決世界能源問(wèn)題的根本途徑,主要有兩個(gè)方面:其一是廣泛開(kāi)源,其二是認(rèn)真節(jié)流.所謂開(kāi)源,就是積極開(kāi)發(fā)和利用各種能源.在繼續(xù)加緊石油勘探和尋找新的石油產(chǎn)地的同時(shí),積極開(kāi)發(fā)豐富的煤炭資源,還要大力開(kāi)發(fā)水能,生物能等常規(guī)能源,加強(qiáng)核能、太陽(yáng)能,風(fēng)能、沼氣,海洋能,地?zé)崮芤约捌渌鞣N新能源的研究和利用,從而不斷擴(kuò)大人類的能源資源的種類和來(lái)源.所謂節(jié)流,就是要大力提倡節(jié)約能源.節(jié)能是世界上許多國(guó)家關(guān)心和研究的重要課題,甚至有人把節(jié)能稱為世界的“第五大能源”,與煤、石油和天然氣、水能、核能等并列.在節(jié)能方面,在有計(jì)劃地控制人口增長(zhǎng)的同時(shí),重點(diǎn)要發(fā)揮先進(jìn)科學(xué)技術(shù)的優(yōu)勢(shì),提高各國(guó)的能源利用效率.

1、教師先演示投影:把小鋼珠放在黑墨水瓶蓋里轉(zhuǎn)一下(內(nèi)有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)墨水),再放在半圓形有機(jī)玻璃軌道上運(yùn)動(dòng)并飛出,讓鋼珠在白紙上留下痕跡,同樣在3/5半圓周,4/5半圓周上運(yùn)動(dòng)飛出,讓學(xué)生猜測(cè)飛出方向由什么特點(diǎn)?(有機(jī)玻璃板說(shuō)明:厚約5毫米,略小于小鋼珠直徑,圓弧半徑15厘米,MN邊稍長(zhǎng)些,以便過(guò)MN做直線,根據(jù)半徑大小確定圓心O位置。)學(xué)生猜想:切線方向師:已知圓弧半徑為15厘米。如何驗(yàn)證?請(qǐng)用幾何方法作圖驗(yàn)證。生:標(biāo)出飛出點(diǎn)和圓心,做圓心和飛出點(diǎn)的連線,用量角尺量出該連線和飛出軌跡直線的夾角,是否90度。2、再分組實(shí)驗(yàn),提醒同桌配合,小心鋼珠滾跑。實(shí)驗(yàn)完畢,要求作圖驗(yàn)證,并互相討論交流。3、交流和結(jié)論:師:要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生得出正確的科學(xué)結(jié)論:“圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)的物體的速度方向?yàn)樵擖c(diǎn)的切線方向”,而不能直接得出“曲線運(yùn)動(dòng)的的物體速度方向?yàn)樵擖c(diǎn)的切線方向”。

一、學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)分析1.教材的地位和作用在物理學(xué)中,能量并不是由功定義的。能量的概念是在人類追尋“運(yùn)動(dòng)中的守恒量是什么”的過(guò)程中發(fā)展起來(lái)的。能量概念之所以重要,就是因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)守恒量。守恒關(guān)系是自然中十分重要的關(guān)系,從中學(xué)開(kāi)始加強(qiáng)學(xué)生對(duì)守恒關(guān)系的認(rèn)識(shí)是有益的,因?yàn)樗菢O為重要的研究方向。根據(jù)這種認(rèn)識(shí),所以本節(jié)從追尋守恒量出發(fā)引入能量概念,為能量學(xué)習(xí)奠定了基礎(chǔ)并把這種物理思想滲透在能量學(xué)習(xí)的全過(guò)程。2.學(xué)習(xí)的主要任務(wù)“追尋守恒量”一節(jié),主要是使學(xué)生了解守恒思想的重要性。學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)本節(jié)課前已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了能量的有關(guān)知識(shí),在過(guò)去的教學(xué)中,是先學(xué)習(xí)能量的概念,而后研究一兩個(gè)具體問(wèn)題,發(fā)現(xiàn)動(dòng)能與勢(shì)能之和在某些過(guò)程中不變,由此引出機(jī)械能守恒定律?!皺C(jī)械能守恒”這個(gè)詞學(xué)生并不陌生,但是讓學(xué)生說(shuō)出自己對(duì)它的認(rèn)識(shí)又不是一件容易的事。

動(dòng)畫展示三個(gè)宇宙速度(四) 讓學(xué)生具有振興中華的使命感與責(zé)任感本節(jié)課的最后,播放了一段美國(guó)登月的視頻,讓學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)一些奇妙的物理現(xiàn)象,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)月球的背景是什么顏色,宇航員行走的模樣等等,預(yù)計(jì)不久的將來(lái),哪個(gè)國(guó)家也將登上月球,同學(xué)們高呼“中國(guó)”,那么我們現(xiàn)在能做些什么呢,讓同學(xué)感想到:我們是祖國(guó)的未來(lái)的希望,現(xiàn)在需要努力學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)文化知識(shí),將來(lái)為祖國(guó)的航天事業(yè)做貢獻(xiàn)。要培養(yǎng)學(xué)生堅(jiān)韌不撥、勇于探索、協(xié)力合作的科學(xué)精神以及嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)求實(shí)、謙虛謹(jǐn)慎、勇于質(zhì)疑科學(xué)態(tài)度;也要培養(yǎng)學(xué)習(xí)者熱愛(ài)科學(xué)、熱愛(ài)祖國(guó)的情感;努力學(xué)習(xí)、振興中華的責(zé)任感。這些策略在本案例中得到了體現(xiàn)。(五)練習(xí)反饋,拓展延伸:[例題1]“2003年10月15日9時(shí),我國(guó)神舟五號(hào)宇宙飛船在酒泉衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心成功發(fā)射,把我國(guó)第一位航天員楊利偉送入太空。飛船繞地球飛行14圈后,于10月16日6時(shí)23分安全降落在內(nèi)蒙古主著陸場(chǎng)?!?/p>
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