
This activity introduces some new vocabulary and provide oral practice using the target language.Task 1 . Ask four students to stand in front of the class, and the teacher asks them the following questions as a reporter.1.What are you going to do when you grow up?2.What are you going to do next week?3.What are going to do after school?The students will give different answers, then ask a good student to report what they said.I am going to e a doctor.What did she say?----------She said she was going to be a doctor.I am going to have a party on Friday night.What did he say?-------He said he was going to have a party on Friday night.I am going to do my homework.What did she say ?------ She said she was going to do her homework.I am going home after school.What did she say?-----She said she was going home after school.Say In this unit we are going to learn to use words like to report what someone said.Task 2. Read the instructions. Then ask a student to read the four questions. And write the words on the Bb. Explain what soap opera is.Task 3. Ask the students to Look at the pictures, point out the TV screens in the picture. Ask one girl to read what Marcia said.What did Marcia say? She said She said she was having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night. Repeat the other pictures in the same way.Activity3. Listen and number the pictures in activity 1a.

(一).知識(shí)方面: 1.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生能運(yùn)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)來(lái)描述、談?wù)撨^(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的事情或動(dòng)作的意識(shí)和能力,能就過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作做出正確的描述。 2.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的想象力和角色扮演的合作能力。 3.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生講述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情經(jīng)過(guò)的能力。能正確運(yùn)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)講述故事。 (二).技能方面: 1.本單元的語(yǔ)言目標(biāo)是Talk about past events and tell a story(談?wù)撨^(guò)去的時(shí)間和講述一個(gè)故事),圍繞這一目標(biāo),要涉及句型: What were you doing when the UFO arrived? ----I was sitting in the barber’s chair. The barber was cutting my hair. 因此必須學(xué)習(xí)standing、studying、cleaning、sleeping、cooking、making、eating、cutting、等表示地點(diǎn)的詞,以便為上述句型提供語(yǔ)言材料。2.學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的有關(guān)知識(shí)。Was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞,是該時(shí)態(tài)的表達(dá)式。 3.在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中,要區(qū)分The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.和While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.這兩種由when和while引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的句型結(jié)構(gòu)。注意它們的不同。

教師帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)有關(guān)描述寵物的詞匯,采用教師提問(wèn)學(xué)生回答的方進(jìn)行。如:T:What animals do you think would be good pets?What animals do you think would be bad pets?What do you think are good animals for a six-year-old child?然后學(xué)生進(jìn)行 pairwork 練習(xí)。Task two: 師生互動(dòng),學(xué)習(xí)探究 1、播放3a部分的錄音,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生一邊聽(tīng)錄音,一邊跟讀。2、通過(guò)聽(tīng)錄音學(xué)生回答以下問(wèn)題:Why do you think pot-bellied pigs are popular?What are the advantages and disadvantages of keeping such a pet?教師對(duì)學(xué)生的回答進(jìn)行及時(shí)點(diǎn)評(píng)。3.學(xué)習(xí)范文,學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),為下步的模仿寫(xiě)作提供語(yǔ)言素材。T :1. )Have you ever kept a pig as a pet?Do you like pigs? St.:No.…Why don’t you like to keep a pig? St: No.They’re too dirty and lazy(Do you know in some foreign countries like Hollyland, Australia,pigs are the most popular pet.there’s a kind of pig.(圖)it has an interesting name? it ‘s called a pot-bellied pig.) Now,let’s learn an article about this kind of interesting pet.2.)play the tapeSt.:Listen and repeat3.)show some Qs on computer(本子St.: read silently,then answerthe Qs(本子)4.)Ask ss. Close book and retell this passage.(what is a pot-bellied pig? Is it a good or bad pet? ) St.: retell it to each other“A pot –bellied pig is a popular pet now…”5.read the article together.St.:.practice reading

Step 4. Group work (4)1. Ask a pair of students to read the dialogue. Say, This activity provides speaking, listening and writing practice using the target language.2. Ask students to complete the work in groups.3. Check the answers with the whole class. 4. Explain some of the language points. Step 5. Word review (Self check 1)1. Ask students to read the words and the phrases given. 2. Fill in the blanks with proper forms of these words to complete the sentences. 3. Check the answers with the whole class. Homework:Do activity 2 on page 57 after class. Period 6Teaching aims: 1. Teach vocabulary words and the useful expressions. 2. Enable the students to learn etiquette in different culture. 3. Help the students learn how to behave politely in public places and in daily life. Teaching procedures:Step 1. RevisionHelp students to review the function of making requests through a free talk. Then lead them to the topic of etiquette. Explain the meaning of etiquette. Or, ask students to look it up in the dictionary. Step 2. Pre-reading (Section 1)1. Ask students to read the picture and make a list with their partner about how many rules of etiquette can be seen being broken.

Teaching Goal:1. General aims:Talk about recent past events2. Particular aims:A. Language Focus.Talk about recent past events and think of the past events.B. Language goalsHow was….?It was …What did …do over the weekend?C. Language structures:(1). How was your weekend? I was great. Pay attention to no form.(2). What did you do over the weekend? I played soccer. We went to the beach.D. Useful words and phrases:Words: was, did, went, beach, over, project, test, wasn’t, false, number, geography, spend, week, most, mixture, their, had, little, cook, read, saw, change, everyone, sit, sat, no, anythingPhrases: did one’s homework, played soccer, cleaned my room, went to the beach, played tennis, went to the movies, on Saturday morning, over the weekend, cook … for, what about, do some reading, have a party, talk show, go shoppingE. Grammar language:Present simple past tenseRegular and irregular verbsF. Learning strategies:Tour and holidaysG. Interdiscipinary:H. Emotion and manner:Teaching time: 5 periodsTeaching procedures:Period One教學(xué)步驟、時(shí)間 教師活動(dòng) 學(xué)生活動(dòng) 媒體應(yīng)用Step 1Free talk 3’ Ask some questions like:Who’s on duty today?What’s the weather like? Answer and talk about something.讓同學(xué)們回答下列問(wèn)題1. Do you like weekend? (Let some students answer)It takes them three minutes to talk about the question.2. Why do you like weekend? (let the students answer) Most of the students like the weekend此時(shí)教師用漢語(yǔ)問(wèn):“在周末期間問(wèn)你干了什么?這句話用英語(yǔ)這么回答?Let the students guess.At last the teacher give them right answer3. What did you do over the weekend?(板書(shū)、學(xué)習(xí))

教學(xué)過(guò)程Step 1: warming-up Sing a song---------“food and drink” Step 2: Revision1 Dictation2 Revise: What kind of noodles would you like?I’d like …What size bowl of noodles would you like?I’d like…Step 3: Presentation1 show pictures of food, ask students say the words.2 Students read the newspaper ad in 3a. Fill in blanks with words in the box. Then read the ad together, the teacher explains some difficult language points.3 Check the answers Step 4 PracticeAsk students to finish 3b in the same way according to 3a. Students read the short passage and fill in the blanks .At last, check the answers.Step 5 productionAsk students to write their own ad for dumplings, noodles, drinks, and other foods they know. Then ask students to read their partner’s ad. Then order food and drink from their partner.Step 6 Home workGroup work – make an ad about “food and drink”

三、教學(xué)建議第一課時(shí):1. Lead in (Vocabulary)A) Before class, teacher should collect some pictures of working places. For example: Bank, TV Station, Restaurant, Police Station, Hospital ...B) In class, show students the pictures (PowerPoint, OHP). Ask students to tell the name of the working places and the name of the jobs.Shop assistant, doctor, actor, reporter, police office, waiter, bank clerk, studentC) Do exercise 1a and 3a.2. Bingo GameAsk groups of students to make up pairs of cards with a job on one and the related workplace on the other. For example, waiter / restaurant, teacher / school, doctor / hospital. Encourage students to use both the job / workplace combinations in the book and the ones that students came up during class discussions. Be sure they have twice as many sets of cards as there are students in the group. They can make two sets of cards for a single job / workplace, if necessary. Then have each group mix up its set of cards and hand their cards out in random order. Each time a student gets a pair of cards that match, he or she can lay these cards down. The goal is to have no cards in your hand at the end.3. Task OneA) Ask students to work in pairs and ask the partner what does he / she want to be in the future.e. g. :What do you / does he / does she want to be?I want to be a.Why?Because it's (adj).B) Vocabulary: Section B, 1a4. Homework 1.2.

句型: Where did you go on vacation? I went to summer camp.Did she go to Central Park?Yes,she did.No, she didn’t語(yǔ)法:一般過(guò)去時(shí)特殊疑問(wèn)句、一般疑問(wèn)句及肯、否定回答。課時(shí)安排4課時(shí)第一課時(shí):Section A:la,1b,lc,2a,2b,2c 第二課時(shí):Section A:3a,3b,4第三課時(shí):Section B:1,2a,2b,2c第四課時(shí):Section B:3a,3b,3c,4 and Self Check第一課時(shí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)掌握描寫(xiě)假期生活的形容詞。假期里自己所做事情的簡(jiǎn)單表達(dá)。談?wù)摷倨谧龅氖虑榧爱?dāng)時(shí)情況。談?wù)摷倨跁r(shí)旅游的天氣,旅游者以及食物等。教學(xué)過(guò)程一、導(dǎo)入播放一首英文歌曲:Let’s travel 說(shuō)明:通過(guò)讓學(xué)生聽(tīng)節(jié)奏歡快迪斯尼英語(yǔ)歌曲Let’s travel.引入本節(jié)課談?wù)摰脑掝}vacation and travel. 讓歌曲使學(xué)生的思維活躍,增強(qiáng)課堂氣氛,激發(fā)學(xué)生提高學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣。T:How is the trip ?Ss : It’s pretty good/ happy/exciting /relaxing/busy/dangerous/ fantastic說(shuō)明:這個(gè)問(wèn)題是為了操練形容詞。建議讓多個(gè)Ss作答。鼓勵(lì)他們用不同的形容詞。上述個(gè)別形容詞本應(yīng)在第二課時(shí)中出現(xiàn),但可以在warming-up中第一次非正式出現(xiàn)。這些形容詞也可在老師的評(píng)價(jià)語(yǔ)中適時(shí)出現(xiàn),以加深學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯的印象。

單元整體說(shuō)明(一)單元教材分析本單元的核心話題是描述動(dòng)物和表達(dá)個(gè)人喜好,以及句式why do you like…? Because…。這也是本單元的教學(xué)重點(diǎn)。通過(guò)本單元的學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生應(yīng)能較流利地運(yùn)用所學(xué)詞匯和句型描述動(dòng)物,表達(dá)個(gè)人喜好。(二)單元知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)1.詞匯動(dòng)物名稱 tiger, elephant, koala, dolphin, etc.詞匯描述性形容詞: smart, cute, ugly, clever, shy, etc.國(guó)家名: Australia, South Africa2.句型Why do you like koala hears? Because they are cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(三)單元整體目標(biāo)1.Master the vocabulary2.Master and use: Why do you like koalas? Because they am cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(四)單元教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)一覽(五)單元學(xué)情分析學(xué)生此前已經(jīng)學(xué)過(guò)由why, where, what 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句句型,具有了學(xué)習(xí)本單元知識(shí)的認(rèn)知前提。形形色色的動(dòng)物能激發(fā)學(xué)生的好奇心,產(chǎn)生了解它們的欲望,這有利于本單元知識(shí)的教學(xué)和學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣的培養(yǎng)。

(1)Have you ever been to …? Yes, I have. / Yes, I have ever been to …No, I haven’t. / No, I have never been to …(2)When did you go there? I went there last year. (3)I have never been to a water park. Neither have I. I have ever been to an amusement park. So have I. (4)How long have you been studying English? I’ve been studying English since nine o’clock. I’ve been studying English since I came back home. I’ve been studying English for five hours. (5)What’s that? It’s an amusement park in Japan. I’ve never been to an amusement park like it before. It’s fun to learn another language. Let’s go tonight. Isn’t this great?space museum, amusement park, water park, South America, Peru, Holland, European culture, tour guide, flight attendant, musical instrument, more than, be from, get to, take lessons, neither, discover, graduate, change

說(shuō)明:在幫Li Lei提建議的同時(shí),教育學(xué)生如何學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。第三課時(shí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)1. 語(yǔ)言目標(biāo):a) 詞匯: Original, in style, haircut, the same as.b) 語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu):My friend wears the same clothes and has the same haircut as I do.2. 能力目標(biāo):大多數(shù)學(xué)生能夠談?wù)撟约合矚g哪種服裝,提高查找信息的能力。3. 情感目標(biāo):學(xué)會(huì)如何與朋友相處,要有自己對(duì)時(shí)尚的看法。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)掌握一些重要詞匯。教學(xué)難點(diǎn)學(xué)會(huì)談?wù)搯?wèn)題,并能提出書(shū)面建議。◆教學(xué)突破首先針對(duì)Erin的問(wèn)題,提出個(gè)人的建議,模仿2c部分的對(duì)話展開(kāi)雙人交際Pair-work;聽(tīng)老師誦讀3a部分的信件,并找出LEFT OUT的問(wèn)題所在;學(xué)生完成3b部分的內(nèi)容,給Left Out提出書(shū)面的建議;學(xué)以口頭形式提出自己目前存在的某個(gè)問(wèn)題,講給大家聽(tīng),讓同學(xué)們給自己提出一個(gè)建議,并作筆錄;學(xué)生兩、三個(gè)人分成一組,隨意性地進(jìn)行口語(yǔ)交際,談?wù)揚(yáng)14的第4部分的某個(gè)問(wèn)題,相互交換意見(jiàn)。

"Hello! Welcome to English class! Introduce yourself. Meet your new classmates." That's what the teacher says. What do you say? "Oh no!" It can be difficult talking to new people. But it can be fun, and you can make friends. How do you do it? Make small talk. Small talk is polite conversation. "Wang Nan is a great pingpang player, isn't she?" "I'd love to meet her, wouldn't you?" "It's been raining a lot, hasn't it?" Tag questions are a form of polite speech. To make small talk successfully, you should know how to make them. You should also know what topics to talk about. Try to learn this unit carefully. The next time you're in English class, you'll find out. Making small talk's easy, isn't it? (“你好!歡迎你!請(qǐng)做一下自我介紹。認(rèn)識(shí)一下你的新同學(xué)?!蓖ǔT谡n上老師會(huì)這樣說(shuō)。你會(huì)說(shuō)什么呢?“噢,不!”與陌生人談話太困難了。但是這也很有意思,并且你還能交到朋友。你該怎么做呢?閑聊。閑聊指得是禮貌的對(duì)話。“王楠是一個(gè)很棒的乒乓球運(yùn)動(dòng)員,不是嗎?”“我希望自己能認(rèn)識(shí)她,你呢?“今年的雨水很多,不是嗎?”反意疑問(wèn)句是一種禮貌用語(yǔ)。為了使得談話成功,你應(yīng)該知道怎樣去進(jìn)行閑聊。你還應(yīng)該知道與不同的人該談?wù)撌裁礃拥脑掝}。認(rèn)真的學(xué)習(xí)這個(gè)單元吧,下次在英語(yǔ)課上,你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)與大家展開(kāi)談話是一件很容易的事情,不信我們來(lái)試試。)

Step Ⅱ Show the new words on the screen and teach the new words. Read the new words to students and ask them to repeat.Step Ⅲ 3aThis activity introduces new vocabulary and provides reading practice using the target language.In this activity first look at the four pictures.T: What can you see in the pictures?Ss: Four snow globes.T: Right. There are four snow globes in the pictures. And what are they?Ss: They are a monster, two polar bears, two penguins and a birthday cake.Write these words on the blackboard: snow globe; monster; polar bear; penguin and birthday cake. Read them to the class and ask students to repeat each one. Make sure students understand each word.Use a computer to show the E-mail message on the screen and read the message to students.Get students to read the e-mail on their own, and then draw lines connecting each snow globe and its description.Correct the answers.AnswersA line should connect each snow globe picture with the words that describe it in the letter.Step Ⅳ 3bThis activity provides writing practice using the target language.First review Activity 2a on Page 47.Then ask students to complete the message according to Activity 2a.Some partial sentences are given to students. Write about one person's collection.When students work, walk around the room checking the progress and offering help as needed.When they finish, ask some students to read their messages to the class.

一、說(shuō)教材《騎鵝旅行記》是拉格洛芙為兒童寫(xiě)的唯一一部長(zhǎng)篇童話。它是根據(jù)瑞典教育部的要求,作為學(xué)校的地理教育讀物而寫(xiě)的,不料后來(lái)卻成為了世界文學(xué)藝術(shù)中的珍品。因?yàn)槔衤遘降木薮蟪删停?914年她被選為瑞典皇家學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)員。在瑞典,現(xiàn)在有一項(xiàng)最重要的兒童文學(xué)獎(jiǎng),就是用“尼爾斯”這個(gè)名字命名的?!赌釥査跪T鵝旅行記》寫(xiě)了一個(gè)不愛(ài)學(xué)習(xí)、喜歡惡作劇的頑皮小男孩尼爾斯歷險(xiǎn)的故事。一天,尼爾斯因?yàn)樽脚艘粋€(gè)小精靈而被小精靈用妖法變成一個(gè)拇指大的小人兒,后來(lái),他騎在他家的大白鵝背上跟著一群大雁走南闖北,周游各地,一路上,他增長(zhǎng)了許多見(jiàn)識(shí),結(jié)識(shí)了許多朋友,聽(tīng)了許多故事傳說(shuō),也經(jīng)歷了無(wú)數(shù)的危險(xiǎn)。在漫長(zhǎng)的旅途中,尼爾斯逐漸成長(zhǎng)起來(lái),懂得了什么是善惡,學(xué)會(huì)了同情和愛(ài)……

師:對(duì),鎮(zhèn)定自若。(板書(shū):鎮(zhèn)定自若)這份鎮(zhèn)定自若,別人能與他相提并論嗎?(不能)4.你還能從這段話中讀出什么來(lái)?婦女先走,船員斷后。咱們常說(shuō)女士?jī)?yōu)先,在災(zāi)難面前也做到讓婦女先走,這叫什么?生:紳士風(fēng)度。(板書(shū):紳士風(fēng)度)5.同學(xué)們,假如你就是哈爾威船長(zhǎng),面對(duì)混亂的人群,你準(zhǔn)備怎樣來(lái)下達(dá)這道命令?指名學(xué)生朗讀。(師指導(dǎo):場(chǎng)面混亂,情況危急。)師:在災(zāi)難面前,時(shí)間就是生命。師:這是莊嚴(yán)的指揮,這是威嚴(yán)的指揮。我們一起來(lái)讀讀。師:真好,讀得好,臉部的表情也非常到位,滿臉的威嚴(yán),正因?yàn)檫@樣,所以課文的作者雨果是這樣評(píng)價(jià)船長(zhǎng)的,再讀。ppt:在英倫海峽上,沒(méi)有任何一個(gè)海員能與他相提并論。(生齊讀)師:不能與他相提并論的還有他的:忠于職守、鎮(zhèn)定自若、紳士風(fēng)度。這是咱們從第一幅畫(huà)面中感受到的。

一、說(shuō)教材 《湯姆·索亞歷險(xiǎn)記》由“找到湯姆和貝琪”這個(gè)精彩片斷組成。片段講述的是湯姆和貝琪從迷路的山洞返回家后的故事。先是講述貝琪的媽媽撒切爾太太和湯姆的姨媽悲痛絕望的心情,以及湯姆、貝琪回來(lái)后小鎮(zhèn)歡樂(lè)的晚上。先悲后喜,充滿了喜劇氣氛。接著通過(guò)湯姆的講述,介紹他和貝琪在洞中的歷險(xiǎn)經(jīng)過(guò),最后講湯姆去看望伙伴哈克和貝琪,從法官口中意外地知道山洞已被封上,喬埃被困洞中。輕松、幽默而略有諷刺夸張,是作者語(yǔ)言的特點(diǎn)。浪漫有趣,有驚無(wú)險(xiǎn),是這部名著吸引孩子的地方。 選編本文的目的,一是通過(guò)對(duì)課文的閱讀,了解這部外國(guó)名著的內(nèi)容,關(guān)注人物的命運(yùn),把握人物的性格;二是激發(fā)學(xué)生讀整本書(shū)的興趣。 本文的教學(xué)重點(diǎn)是通過(guò)閱讀精彩片段,把握名著的內(nèi)容,激發(fā)學(xué)生讀外國(guó)文學(xué)作品的興趣。

四、說(shuō)學(xué)法學(xué)生是學(xué)習(xí)的主體。皮亞杰認(rèn)為,在教學(xué)過(guò)程中,兒童如果不具有自己的意象活動(dòng)教育就不能成功。1、整體感知,初步了解課文的大概內(nèi)容。學(xué)生先自讀課文。自學(xué)完以后,概括出文章的主要內(nèi)容。這樣,學(xué)生就會(huì)從整體上知道這篇課文講的是什么內(nèi)容。2、充分自學(xué)。人的大腦接受信息,有意注意總比無(wú)意注意有效得多。本課內(nèi)容淺顯易懂,可以充分放手讓學(xué)生自學(xué),經(jīng)過(guò)自學(xué),學(xué)生對(duì)課文有了一個(gè)大概了解,有了一番摸索的功夫,或者是略有解悟,或者是不得要領(lǐng),或者是困惑不解。一旦進(jìn)入探討階段就會(huì)全身心投入。一方面可以從容、有條不紊地發(fā)表自己的見(jiàn)解;另一方面略有所悟的急需得以印證和深化,不得要領(lǐng)的急需理清頭緒,困惑不解的急需弄個(gè)明白,自然都格外注意,毫不懈怠。這樣既提高了學(xué)習(xí)興趣,又留下了深刻印象,還強(qiáng)化了自主意識(shí)。

一、說(shuō)教材分析《真理誕生于一百個(gè)問(wèn)號(hào)之后》是第五單元的一篇精讀課文,也是一篇議論文。文題“真理誕生于一百個(gè)問(wèn)號(hào)之后”也是課文的主要觀點(diǎn)。全文結(jié)構(gòu)清晰:第1自然段開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山,提出觀點(diǎn),明確指出:“真理誕生于一百個(gè)問(wèn)號(hào)之后”本身就是“真理”。主體部分(2—8自然段)引用科學(xué)發(fā)展史上的三個(gè)有代表性的事例(謝皮羅教授從洗澡水的漩渦中發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題,通過(guò)反復(fù)試驗(yàn)和研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)水的漩渦的旋轉(zhuǎn)方向和地球的自轉(zhuǎn)有關(guān);德國(guó)地質(zhì)學(xué)家魏格納從蚯蚓的分布,推論地球上大陸與海洋的形成;奧地利醫(yī)生從兒子做夢(mèng)時(shí)眼珠轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)這個(gè)現(xiàn)象,經(jīng)過(guò)反復(fù)觀察和分析,推斷出凡睡者眼珠轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)時(shí)都表示在做夢(mèng)),論述了只要善于觀察,不斷發(fā)問(wèn),不斷解決疑問(wèn),鍥而不舍地追根求源,就能在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中發(fā)現(xiàn)真理。第三部分(9、10自然段)總結(jié)全文,重申觀點(diǎn)。指出科學(xué)并不神秘,也不遙遠(yuǎn),關(guān)鍵在于“知微見(jiàn)著”,不斷探索,善于獨(dú)立思考,具有鍥而不舍的精神。

通常購(gòu)買(mǎi)同一品種的西瓜時(shí),西瓜的質(zhì)量越大,花費(fèi)的錢(qián)越多,因此人們希望西瓜瓤占整個(gè)西瓜的比例越大越好.假如我們把西瓜都看成球形,并把西瓜瓤的密度看成是均勻的,西瓜的皮厚都是d,已知球的體積公式為V=43πR3(其中R為球的半徑),求:(1)西瓜瓤與整個(gè)西瓜的體積各是多少?(2)西瓜瓤與整個(gè)西瓜的體積比是多少?(3)買(mǎi)大西瓜合算還是買(mǎi)小西瓜合算?解析:(1)根據(jù)體積公式求出即可;(2)根據(jù)(1)中的結(jié)果得出即可;(3)求出兩體積的比即可.解:(1)西瓜瓤的體積是43π(R-d)3,整個(gè)西瓜的體積是43πR3;(2)西瓜瓤與整個(gè)西瓜的體積比是43π(R-d)343πR3=(R-d)3R3;(3)由(2)知,西瓜瓤與整個(gè)西瓜的體積比是(R-d)3R3<1,故買(mǎi)大西瓜比買(mǎi)小西瓜合算.方法總結(jié):本題能夠根據(jù)球的體積,得到兩個(gè)物體的體積比即為它們的半徑的立方比是解此題的關(guān)鍵.

一、自覺(jué)依法納稅(二)我國(guó)稅收“取之于民,用之于民” 1、稅收的含義與基本特征 【學(xué)生活動(dòng)】學(xué)生思考后回答。 【教師活動(dòng)】稅收是國(guó)家為實(shí)現(xiàn)其職能,憑借其政治權(quán)力,依法無(wú)償?shù)厝〉秘?cái)政收入的基本形式。 【教師活動(dòng)】稅收具有強(qiáng)制性、無(wú)償性和固定性的基本特征。[1]強(qiáng)制性:不管你愿意還是不愿意,都必須交稅。[2]無(wú)償性:交了稅,沒(méi)有補(bǔ)償,更不會(huì)返還。[3]固定性:征稅是有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的,不是無(wú)止境的,按標(biāo)準(zhǔn)收到一定數(shù)量即算完成納稅。 2、稅收的性質(zhì) 【教師活動(dòng)】展示多媒體圖片,觀察稅收性質(zhì)是什么? 【學(xué)生活動(dòng)】分析圖片,稅收的性質(zhì)。 【教師活動(dòng)】每個(gè)人都與稅收緊密地聯(lián)系在一起,我們天天享受到的公共物品,無(wú)不有賴于稅收。接受教育要有學(xué)校,看病要有醫(yī)院,出行要有道路,保障國(guó)家安全要有國(guó)防,防洪、發(fā)電要有水利工程,這些都要依靠國(guó)家的稅收來(lái)為公眾提供公共服務(wù)。 【教師活動(dòng)】播放國(guó)家免費(fèi)為新冠肺炎患者治療的視頻。 【教師活動(dòng)】勞動(dòng)人民是稅收的最終受益者,我國(guó)的稅收是取之于民、用之于民的新型稅收。
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