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新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 4 History and Traditions-Reading and Thinking教案二
Step 5 While reading---Task 3Read the text again and answer the following questions.Q1: How many countries does the UK consist of ?4 Q2: What are the four countries of the United Kingdom?England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland Q3: Which two were the first to be joined together ?England and WalesQ4: What are the two chief advantages of studying the history of a country ?The first one is to help you understand more about the country and its traditions.The second one is to make visiting it more enjoyable.Q5: What’s the author’s attitude towards studying the history ?Supportive/positiveStep 6 Post reading---Retell the textThe United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by (1)_____ these different names mean. In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales (2) __________(join) to the Kingdom of England. In the 19 th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, the southern part of Ireland (3) ______ (break) away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today. However, most people just use the (4)_________(shorten) name: the UK. The four countries (5)__________ belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. There were four sets of invaders and the last group were the Normans. They had castles (6)_________(build) all around England and made changes (7)__________ the legal system. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more (8)_________(enjoy). The capital city London is (9)___ ancient port city that has a history (10)______(date) back to Roman times. 1. what 2.was joined 3.broke 4.shortened 5.that 6. built 7.to 8.enjoyable 9.an 10.dating Step 6 Homework
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 4 History and Traditions-Listening＆Speaking＆Talking教案二
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “Take part in a youth project”. The listening text is an interview about "sharing views on historical sites". Through listening to a dialogue between Chinese and foreign students on the way to the Confucius Temple, students can understand their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts, so as to realize and think about the profound influence of Confucius and his thoughts on Chinese historical tradition. At the same time, the dialogue naturally integrates English idioms and mentions Shakespeare, the British playwright, so as to provide language materials and context for students to understand English idioms and related cultural allusions, as well as to compare Chinese and foreign cultures, which is helpful for students to understand and express the language such as history, tradition, culture and custom significant impact.Text analysis: listening text is a dialogue between a British student and a Chinese student when he goes to the Confucius Temple. When William, a British student, visited the Confucius Temple, he asked Xiao Kong, a Chinese student, for directions. Xiao Kong was just going to the Confucius Temple to meet with the members of the research group, so they went together and exchanged their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts. From the perspective of foreign tourists, this paper describes their thoughts on Confucius, the great son of Confucius, who had a profound impact on Chinese history and cultural tradition, and his education.Listening and Talking introduces a visit to a historic tourist destination. Tourism is a common way to understand a country's history, culture, and customs and so on. Students listen to the dialogue between Xiao Yan, a youth hostel Usher, and Paul, a backpacker, to learn about Pingyao's famous historical and cultural attractions and Paul's travel experience and experience as a foreign tourist.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 4 History and Traditions-Reading for Writing教案
Step 1 Lead inThere are many interest of places in the UK. What do you know ?The Big Ben the London Tower the Thames RiverStep 2 Before reading---analyze the titleBeautiful Ireland and its traditionWe know that the article mainly tells about the beauty and traditions of Ireland. Step 3 While reading---Task 1Read the text and answer the following questions.Q1: What makes the Irish countryside exciting and inspiring?Its beauty and how it offers something for all the scenes.Q2: What are the best ways to experience some Irish traditions and cultures?By stopping by a village pub and relaxing with a drink and traditional meal while listening to music and watching dancingQ3: What is the meaning of “breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song ?”It means to not just smell but also breathe in the smell of fresh flowers early in the morning as the birds sing their first song of the new day.Q4: What are the best ways to experience Chinese traditions and customs ?By travelling to different places and using all your senses to experience everything and by interacting with local people.Step 4 While reading---Task 2Analyze the descriptive paragraph1. Identify and underline the paragraph’s introductory sentence and the ending sentence.Introductory sentence: Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on its people and traditions.Ending sentence: And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.2. The paragraph talks about different senses in different places. Write the senses and places in the order that they appear.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 5 Music-Listening＆Speaking＆Talking教案
choir memberspeople to run food stands people to sell festival ticketspeople to sell music CDspeople to set up equipmentmusical performersStep 2: Listen to the announcement again and answer the questions. ? 1. What kind of songs will Grace Davis sing at the festival?? 2. Who can try out as a performer?? 3. What can those who think they do not have musical talent do?? 4. How can students volunteer to take part?? Talking about preferences:? Would you prefer doing ..?? What would you prefer to do?? Would you rather do .... or ….?? What would you rather do?? I'd prefer .... to ..? I'd rather have ... than .. Step 3: Speaking ProjectWork in groups. Role-play the conversation or make a new one.? Debbie: Where have you been? You missed the announcement about the music festival.? John: I was at the doctor's office. Music festival?? Frank: Yes, it's going to be next month on the school sports field. John, you can play the piano. How about playing it at the festival?? John: Well, I'd rather play the violin. I can play Liang Zhu.? Frank: Wow! Sounds good. What about you, Debbie? ? Debbie: Actually, I don't have much musical ability. I'd prefer just to help out with the crowds.? Frank: You can sell tickets or work at a food stand.? John: So can I assume that the aim of the festival is to raise money?? Debbie: Yes. All of the money will go to charity.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 5 Music-Listening and Speaking教案
This lesson is about music. Students can classify the types of music through the instruments and its sound and can talk about their preferences about music, even join some activities and play a role in them according to their musical talents. On the basis, they are guided to use the languages to express their preferences and some plosive sounds and their rules.1. Classify the music types through the instruments and its sound.2. Listen and understand what the speakers’ preferences are and the reasons; talk about their own preferences and give their own reasons, using these sentences: “What kind of music do you like? And why? “ “Because it makes/gives me energy/peaceful.../touches my heart...”.3. Learn some plosives and the rules.4. Join some activities and play a role in them according to the talents. 1. Listen and understand what the speakers’ preferences are and the reasons;2. talk about their own preferences and give their own reasons, using these sentences: “What kind of music do you like? And why? “ “Because it makes/gives me energy/peaceful.../touches my heart...”.3. Learn some plosives and incomplete plosives and its rules.Step 1 Lead inPoint at the pictures on P50 and ask Q1: What are the people doing in the pictures below?Q2: What kind of music they are?Then play the MP3s one by oneStep 2 ListeningTask 1: A reporter from the school newspaper is interviewing students about music. Listen to the interviews. Draw lines between the words to make complete sentences. Some words will not be used.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 5 Music-Reading and Thinking教案二
1. Get basic information about Eric; read deeply to understand the history and development of the virtual choir.2. Understand what the function of the virtual choir is and how to make a virtual choir.3. Understand the meaning of some languages in the context of the text through question guidance, such as “Many people do not have close friends or contacts who have the same interest in music.” and so on.Step 1 Leading-in1. Answer the following questions.Q1：Do you know the Apps like Tik Tok and Quick Hand?Q2: Do you want to make a Tik Tok video or a Quick Hand video?2. Play a Tik Tok video Step 2: Understanding the title Q1：What does the title mean ?Q2: Is the article a narration or exposition? Why? Q3: Can you change the title ? If you can, what is the title?Step 3: Scanning the whole text and getting the basic information1. Answer the following questions.Q1：Who came up with the idea for a virtual choir?Q2: Where did Eric studied the musical composition?Q3: What is his song?2. Find the main idea of each paragraph3. Deal with some new words.Step 4: Reading carefully to get detailed informationPara 1 How to make a virtual choir1. PreparationA. tools: a virtual camera; an Internet connectionB. hero/heroin: friends or some individuals who have the same interests2. Process
人教版新課標高中物理必修1彈力教案2篇
一般情況下，凡是支持物對物體的支持力，都是支持物因發(fā)生形變而對物體產(chǎn)生彈力。所以支持力的方向總是垂直于支持面而指向被支持的物體。例1：放在水平桌面上的書書由于重力的作用而壓迫桌面，使書和桌面同時發(fā)生微小形變，要恢復原狀，對桌面產(chǎn)生垂直于桌面向下的彈力f1，這就是書對桌面的壓力；桌面由于發(fā)生微小的形變，對書產(chǎn)生垂直于書面向上的彈力f2，這就是桌面對書的支持力。學生分析：靜止地放在傾斜木板上的書，書對木板的壓力和木板對書的支持力。并畫出力的示意圖。結(jié)論：壓力、支持力都是彈力。壓力的方向總是垂直于支持面而指向被壓的物體，支持力的方向總是垂直于支持面而指向被支持的物體。引導學生分析靜止時，懸繩對重物的拉力及方向。引導得出：懸掛物由于重力的作用而拉緊懸繩，使重物、懸繩同時發(fā)生微小的形變。重物由于發(fā)生微小的形變，對懸繩產(chǎn)生豎直向下的彈力f1，這是物對繩的拉力；懸繩由于發(fā)生微小形變，對物產(chǎn)生豎直向上的彈力f2，這就是繩對物體的拉力。
人教版新課標高中物理必修1摩擦力教案2篇
l．知識與技能：（1）知道摩擦力產(chǎn)生的條件。（2）能在簡單問題中，根據(jù)物體的運動狀態(tài)，判斷靜摩擦力的有無、大小和方向；知道存在著最大靜摩擦力。（3）掌握動磨擦因數(shù)，會在具體問題中計算滑動磨擦力，掌握判定摩擦力方向的方法。（4）知道影響到摩擦因數(shù)的因素。2．過程與方法：通過觀察演示實驗，概括出摩擦力產(chǎn)生的條件及摩擦力的特點，培養(yǎng)學生的觀察、概括能力。通過靜摩擦力與滑動摩擦力的區(qū)別對比，培養(yǎng)學生分析綜合能力。3．情感態(tài)度價值觀：在分析物體所受摩擦力時，突出主要矛盾，忽略次要因素及無關因素，總結(jié)出摩擦力產(chǎn)生的條件和規(guī)律。二、重點、難點分析1．本節(jié)課的內(nèi)容分滑動摩擦力和靜摩擦力兩部分。重點是摩擦力產(chǎn)生的條件、特性和規(guī)律，通過演示實驗得出關系f=μN。2．難點是學生有初中的知識，往往誤認為壓力N的大小總是跟滑動物體所受的重力相等，因此必須指出只有當兩物體的接觸面垂直，物體在水平拉力作用下，沿水平面滑動時，壓力N的大小才跟物體所受的重力相等。
人教版新課標高中物理必修2功率教案2篇
1．用CAI課件模擬汽車的啟動過程。師生共同討論：①如果作用在物體上的力為恒力，且物體以勻速運動，則力對物體做功的功率保持不變。此情況下，任意一段時間內(nèi)的平均功率與任一瞬時的瞬時功率都是相同的。②很多動力機器通常有一個額定功率，且通常使其在額定功率狀態(tài)工作（如汽車），根據(jù)P=FV可知：當路面阻力較小時，牽引力也小，速度大，即汽車可以跑得快些；當路面阻力較大，或爬坡時，需要比較大的牽引力，速度必須小。這就是爬坡時汽車換低速擋的道理。③如果動力機器在實際功率小于額定功率的條件下工作，例如汽車剛剛起動后的一段時間內(nèi)，速度逐漸增大過程中，牽引力仍可增大，即F和v可以同時增大，但是這一情況應以二者乘積等于額定功率為限度，即當實際功率大于額定功率以后，這種情況不可能實現(xiàn)。
人教版新課標高中物理必修2平拋運動教案2篇
（五）平拋運動規(guī)律的應用例1：一架老式飛機在高出海面45m的高處，以80m/s的速度水平飛行，為了使飛機上投下的炸彈落在停在海面上的敵船，應該在與轟炸目標的水平距離為多遠的地方投彈?不計空氣阻力。分析：對于這道題我們可以從以下幾個方面來考慮：(1)從水平飛行的飛機上投下的炸彈，做什么運動?為什么?(2)炸彈的這種運動可分解為哪兩個什么樣的分運動?3)要想使炸彈投到指定的目標處，你認為炸彈落地前在水平方向通過的距離與投彈時飛機離目標的水平距離之間有什么關系?拓展：1、式飛機在高出海面45m的高處，以80m/s的速度水平飛行，尾追一艘以15m/s逃逸的敵船，為了使飛機上投下的炸彈正好擊中敵船，應該在與轟炸目標的水平距離為多遠的地方投彈?不計空氣阻力。2、在一次摩托車跨越壕溝的表演中，摩托車從壕溝的一側(cè)以速度v＝40m/s沿水平方向向另一側(cè)，壕溝兩側(cè)的高度及寬度如圖所示，摩托車可看做質(zhì)點，不計空氣阻力。（1）判斷摩托車能否跨越壕溝？請計算說明（2）若能跨過，求落地速度？
人教版新課標高中物理必修2向心力教案2篇
3．進一步體會力是產(chǎn)生加速度的原因，并通過牛頓第二定律來理解勻速圓周運動、變速圓周運動及一般曲線運動的各自特點。（三）、情感、態(tài)度與價值觀1．在實驗中，培養(yǎng)學生動手、探究的習慣。2．體會實驗的意義，感受成功的快樂，激發(fā)學生探究問題的熱情、樂于學習的品質(zhì)。教學重點1．體會牛頓第二定律在向心力上的應用。2．明確向心力的意義、作用、公式及其變形，并經(jīng)行計算。教學難點1．對向心力的理解及來源的尋找。2．運用向心力、向心加速度的知識解決圓周運動問題。教學過程（一）、 引入新課：復習提問：勻速圓周運動的物體的加速度——向心加速度，它的方向和大小有何特點呢？學生回答后進一步引導：那做勻速圓周運動物體的受力有什么特點呢？是什么力使物體做圓周運動而不沿直線飛出？請同學們先閱讀教材
人教版高中地理必修2傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)區(qū)與新工業(yè)區(qū)教案
1.通過對德國魯爾工業(yè)區(qū)、我國的遼中南工業(yè)區(qū)的案例分析和比較，讓學生理解傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)地域形成的主要區(qū)位條件和衰落的原因；2.結(jié)合魯爾工業(yè)區(qū)產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境污染等局面，理解工業(yè)生產(chǎn)活動對地理環(huán)境的影響，并探討綜合整治的措施；3.通過對意大利中部和東北部工業(yè)區(qū)、美國“硅谷”的案例分析和比較，讓學生理解新工業(yè)地域形成的主要區(qū)位條件和衰落的原因；4.結(jié)合新工業(yè)地域和地理環(huán)境的關系，加深學生對工業(yè)生產(chǎn)活動對地理環(huán)境的影響的理解?！窘虒W重、難點及解決辦法】重點：分析工業(yè)區(qū)位因素，舉例說明工業(yè)地域的形成條件與發(fā)展特點難點：結(jié)合實例說明工業(yè)生產(chǎn)活動對地理環(huán)境的影響解決方法：比較歸納法 知識遷移應用 案例分析法 自主學習與合作探究 【教學準備】多媒體課件缺勤登記：
人教版高中地理必修3第四章第二節(jié)區(qū)域工業(yè)化與城市化教案
從右圖“進出口貿(mào)易占全國的比重”可看出，珠三角地區(qū)的外向型經(jīng)濟特征很明顯，但正在緩慢的發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變；而長三角地區(qū)的外貿(mào)依存度在10年內(nèi)迅速增長。由此可見，珠三角地區(qū)城市化過程，是伴隨著該地特殊的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展相對自發(fā)地快速推進，缺乏宏觀而理性的規(guī)劃。閱讀通過此閱讀材料，使學生大致了解以下內(nèi)容深圳作為珠江三角洲地區(qū)迅速城市化的一個典型代表，到目前為止，對其未來發(fā)展道路的構(gòu)想，主要集中在：如何聯(lián)合和依托臨近區(qū)域、聯(lián)合優(yōu)勢資源，擴大發(fā)展空間；如何明確功能，重新定位，合理分工，突出特色?；顒娱L江三角洲地區(qū)城市的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展1．讀圖4．28，如果按人口規(guī)模>500萬人、100萬～500萬人、50萬～100萬人、20萬～50萬人和<20萬人將城市分為五級的話，分析長江三角洲地區(qū)城市的等級規(guī)模結(jié)構(gòu)是否合理，這對其城市的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展有何影響?
人教版高中歷史必修1古代希臘民主政治教案
二．運用思考題目，激發(fā)學生對本課問題的探究，檢查學生在學習過程中，結(jié)合所學的知識，對問題的思考、質(zhì)疑；從而學會查閱、搜集資料，分析、整理；通過討論、交流，得出新的認識。學生可根據(jù)自己的實際情況和個人愛好，可選擇不同的作業(yè)呈現(xiàn)方式，包括作業(yè)的問題的選擇、繳交的方式（制作、小論文、課件）等等，從而體現(xiàn)學生對古代希臘雅典民主政治產(chǎn)生的條件、雅典民主政治的內(nèi)容及其意義的認識的程度。1．“東西方不同政治制度選擇的因素分析”（課前）2．古代雅典民主政治制度對人類文明的影響。（課后）七．反思與總結(jié)本課的設計在實施過程中,總體效果比較好，對課標的要求基本達至。尤其是通過東西方不同政治制度選擇的對比，不但復習了舊的知識，而且加深了對新知識的掌握，從而有更深入的認識。學生在這個問題的學習過程中，通過課前自身的活動（搜集、查閱資料），逐步培養(yǎng)歷史的學習的方法；在課堂上，同學們通過討論的過程，互相交流、分享心得體會；逐步提高自己的思維能力。
人教版高中語文必修1《新詞新語與流行文化》教案2篇
【教學設計】一、教學目的：1、引導學生關注生活，向生活學習語言。2、了解新詞新語，能正確評價和運用新詞新語。二、教學重難點：1、重點：認識并評價新詞新語。2、難點：如何評價新詞新語三、教學用時：一課時四、教學過程預設（一）導入新課以前如果有人說我可愛，我會很高興：我還是有優(yōu)點的哦?，F(xiàn)在如果有人說我可愛，我就會心里嘀咕了：這是什么意思呀？同學們知道這有什么意思嗎？（可愛=可憐沒人愛）如果大家留心就會發(fā)現(xiàn)，類似這樣的詞語很多，在網(wǎng)上是特別流行，很新穎、獨特，誰來列舉幾個？（點評學生所列舉出的詞語）網(wǎng)絡上有新詞新語，其它媒體（如報刊、電視等）都有新詞新語。關于新詞新語的概念，一般認為，新近創(chuàng)造出來的詞語，或是舊詞新用，這樣的詞語就叫新詞新語。
人教版高中語文必修2《姓氏源流與文化尋根》教案2篇
據(jù)此，研究者認為我國的姓源于原始社會母系氏族時期，并作為一個血緣家族的稱號。氏隸屬于姓。夏、商、周時期，姓氏作為貴族間區(qū)別不同血緣關系的一種制度。自秦漢以后，姓氏不分，合二而一。3、大家有沒有聽說過《水滸傳》中一個人物“西門慶”，他姓西門，為什么姓西門呢？他家住在西門這個地方。大家想想東郭先生為何姓東郭？可見有按居住地而得姓。4、現(xiàn)在如果賦予同學們一個神圣的職責，讓你們給一個人賜姓，這個人是殺豬殺雞殺鴨的，你們覺得要給他一個什么樣的姓才合適呢？（自由討論，姓“屠”）明確：這就是姓氏來源的又一種方法，按照職業(yè)取姓。大家想一想有沒有其他按照職業(yè)得姓的姓氏？（巫、卜、陶等）5、大家通過預習有沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)其他獲得姓氏的方法。（國名、自己祖先的字等。）姓在母系氏族社會以后，逐漸增多，來源極廣。主要來源于封國名、謚號、爵位名、官名、居地、職業(yè)等。
人教版高中歷史必修3文藝復興和宗教改革教案
三、宗教改革：1、背景：（1）文藝復興的影響。文藝復興中，人文主義學者盡管對宗教保持較為溫和的態(tài)度，但其以人為中心的思想極大地沖擊了天主教的精神獨裁，天主教的權(quán)威日益受到人們的懷疑。（2）天主教會對歐洲尤其是德意志的壓榨。中世紀的天主教會對人民進行嚴密的精神統(tǒng)治，基督教信仰的核心是“原罪”和“靈魂救贖”，即人生下來就有罪，只有信仰上帝，跟隨耶穌才能得救。就“靈魂救贖”而言，最初強調(diào)的是個人信仰的作用，后來，神學家們又加上了種種繁雜的宗教禮儀，而且必須得到神職人員的幫助，靈魂才能得救。在經(jīng)濟上，天主教會還是最大的封建主，占有大量的土地，并征收什一稅，對各國人民大肆搜刮。羅馬教廷每年從德意志搜刮的財富達30萬古爾登（貨幣單位），相當于“神圣羅馬帝國”皇帝每年稅收額的20倍。德意志也成了被教會榨取最嚴重的地區(qū)，素有“教皇的乳?！敝Q。
人教版高中語文必修3《杜甫詩三首 詠懷古跡》教案
“千載琵琶作胡語，分明怨恨曲中論?！薄霸购蕖眱勺贮c明全篇主旨。千百年來，琵琶所演奏的總是從匈奴傳來的撩人愁思的胡樂，正是昭君在訴說著她的怨恨！這兩句從側(cè)面烘托昭君的形象，既有對她的贊揚，又有對她的同情。讀到這里，我們的耳邊好像又響起了那深沉、幽怨的琵琶聲！5、這首詩寫的是昭君的怨恨，但首聯(lián)一開始并沒有寫她的怨恨，寫的是什么？這樣寫的目的又是什么？明確：群山萬壑赴荊門山是群山起伏，連綿不絕；水是萬壑爭流，奔騰不息，直赴荊門山。其中的“赴”字用了擬人的手法，把迤邐不絕的千山萬壑陡然間寫活了，既有飛動之勢，又有變幻之姿。從側(cè)面烘托昭君的形象。兩千多年前，一個青年女子遠離父母之邦，嫁到異域，并在那里度過一生，確實需要巨大的勇氣和毅力，而這雄偉的山川簡直就是她那堅強的性格的象征。6、佳句鑒賞（這首詩歌當中，我認為有兩句詩寫得非常美，我自己很喜歡，不知道有沒有同道中人？）
人教版高中語文必修3《杜甫詩三首 秋興八首》教案2篇
４、主旨 哪一聯(lián)明確地點明全詩題旨？表達了作者的什么感情？試做分析 頸聯(lián)。 菊花開在秋天，所以這 “ 叢菊 ” 回應了詩題中那個 “ 秋 ” 字。 “ 他日 ” 可以指過去也可以指未來，在這里是指過去。“叢菊兩開”，指詩人于 765 年離開成都，原打算很快出峽，但這年留居云安，次年又留居夔州，見到叢菊開了兩次，還未出峽，故對菊掉淚。秋菊兩度盛開，使詩人再次灑下往日流過的眼淚?！伴_”字雙關，一謂菊花開，又言淚眼隨之開。此時他仍然滯留在他鄉(xiāng)，他始終沒有放棄回鄉(xiāng)的打算。孤舟可以系住，使其不能泛諸中流，但詩人的心是系不住的。他的心早已越過江河，越過關山，飛到了長安。所以，一葉靠岸系繩的孤舟，始終都牽動著詩人的故園之思。這一聯(lián)是全篇詩意所在。孤舟本來只能系住自己的行蹤，卻把詩人的思鄉(xiāng)之心也牢牢地系住了，故見舟傷心，引出故園之思，表現(xiàn)出思鄉(xiāng)之情的深沉濃烈和欲歸不得的無奈與凄傷，為文章的主旨句。
人教版高中語文必修3《善待生命 學習論證》教案2篇
論證方法之引證法如何用好引證法：1.所引用的名言警句等針對性要強。每句名言都產(chǎn)生于特定的背景，都應用于特定的交際目的，即使談同一個問題，也有不少名言可供選取。2.要簡潔，不宜過多。議論是在發(fā)表自己的見解而不是在介紹他人的見解。引用他人的話，目的是為了讓讀者更加信服自己的話。3.要注意直接引用和間接引用的區(qū)別。直接引用務求文字、甚至標點均準確無誤；間接引用只須述其大意，但要注意人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換。論證方法之喻證法喻證法是用設喻來論證論點的方法。在議論文中，設喻可以使論點更易懂、更風趣、更容易獲得讀者的認同。喻證法能化抽象為具體、化艱深為淺顯、化枯燥為生動。論證方法之喻證法如何用好喻證法：1.以小見大，就近取譬。要精選生活中細小的、人們熟悉的事物做為設喻的喻體。2.喻體不求形似，只求神似。做為喻證的喻體與做為比喻的喻體不同。比喻的喻體是為了強調(diào)特征，描繪事物，側(cè)重形似，以形比形；而喻證的喻體是為了闡發(fā)觀點，以正視聽，力求神似，以義取形。
