
1. 這個(gè)寓言是一個(gè)關(guān)于一位國(guó)王古寓言。 The fable is an old fable about a king.2.作者用這個(gè)故事讓讀者對(duì)于社區(qū)的問(wèn)題負(fù)有個(gè)人責(zé)任的必要印象深刻。The author used the story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.3. 這個(gè)故事十分成功的實(shí)現(xiàn)了它的目的。The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose.Step 7 WritingPlease write a review of the story according the outline above.The fable is an old fable about a king who thought his people are lazy, so he put a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waited to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community. The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose, and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However, while the moral of the story is clear, the actions of the king seemed pointless to me, because none of the characters in the story learnt anything. For this reason, I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people with the need for personal responsibility.Step 8 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer give a short description of the story ?2. Does the description include the most important details of the story ?3. Does the writer give his or her opinion about the character or their actions ?4. Is the review well-organised ? 5. Does the writer use the -ing form as the adverbial correctly in the writing ?6. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors ?Step 9 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.

The theme of the section is “Describe space facts and efforts to explore space”. Infinitives are one of non-finite verbs, as the subjects, objects, predicative, attributes and adverbials. This unit is about space exploration, which is a significant scientific activity, so every scientific activity has strong planning. Therefore, using the infinitives to show its purpose, explanations or restrictions is the best choice.1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use infinitives in oral and writing English. 1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use use infinitives in oral and writing English.Step 1 Lead in---Pair workLook at the following sentences and focus on the italicized infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functions. 1. I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot..(作目的狀語(yǔ))2. As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space..(作目的狀語(yǔ))3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree..(作目的狀語(yǔ))4. Some scientist were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space..(作定語(yǔ))5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space..(作定語(yǔ))Summary:1. 不定式的結(jié)構(gòu):to+do原形。2. 分析上面的句子,我們知道在描述太空探索時(shí),動(dòng)詞不定式不僅可以用來(lái)表目的,還可以用來(lái)作定語(yǔ),表修飾。

Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.

另一方面,其余的人反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃,因?yàn)樗赡軙?huì)導(dǎo)致一些不好的影響。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我堅(jiān)信探索太空不僅能夠使我們了解宇宙的起源而且能夠幫助我們更好地走進(jìn)未來(lái)。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.為了給人類的短期和長(zhǎng)期問(wèn)題提供更新和更好的解決方法,我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該花更多的時(shí)間和金錢來(lái)探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看來(lái),年輕人過(guò)度依賴手機(jī)是不對(duì)的,因?yàn)樗鼈兛赡軙?huì)對(duì)他們的身心健康都有害。最近你班同學(xué)就“人類是否應(yīng)該進(jìn)行宇宙探索”這個(gè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了激烈的討論。有人認(rèn)為,探索宇宙不僅讓人類更好地了解宇宙的發(fā)展,還可以用來(lái)指導(dǎo)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn),以及把一些探索太空的高新技術(shù)用于現(xiàn)實(shí)生活;也有一些人認(rèn)為探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影響了人們的生活水平。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下情況寫(xiě)一篇報(bào)告并發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)。注意:1.寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括以上全部要點(diǎn),可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮,使上下文連貫;

Step 3 Meaning1. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間來(lái)看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài), 常用在賓語(yǔ)從句中。一般由“would/should +動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望將來(lái)有一天他們能再見(jiàn)面。2. was/were going to+動(dòng)詞原形: 表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生或很有可能發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 常用于口語(yǔ)中, 表示預(yù)言、意圖或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期開(kāi)始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用來(lái)表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, “剛要/正要做……”。注意該結(jié)構(gòu)不與任何時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某種可怕的事情即將發(fā)生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾計(jì)劃做某事”, 如果表示“本來(lái)計(jì)劃做某事, 動(dòng)作沒(méi)實(shí)現(xiàn)”, 則需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她說(shuō)她本來(lái)想告訴我關(guān)于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí): 表示就過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻而言即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。She was coming later. 她隨后就來(lái)。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我剛穿上外套要去看我的一個(gè)朋友。

Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.

【參考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!

The discourse explores the link between food and culture from a foreign’s perspective and it records some authentic Chinese food and illustrates the cultural meaning, gerography features and historic tradition that the food reflects. It is aimed to lead students to understand and think about the connection between food and culture. While teaching, the teacher should instruct students to find out the writing order and the writer’s experieces and feelings towards Chinese food and culture.1.Guide the students to read the text, sort out the information and dig out the topic.2.Understand the cultural connotation, regional characteristics and historical tradition of Chinese cuisine3.Understand and explore the relationship between food and people's personality4.Guide the students to use the cohesive words in the text5.Lead students to accurately grasp the real meaning of the information and improve the overall understanding ability by understanding the implied meaning behind the text.1. Enable the Ss to understand the structure and the writing style of the passage well.2. Lead the Ss to understand and think further about the connection between food and geography and local character traits.Step1: Prediction before reading. Before you read, look at the title, and the picture. What do you think this article is about?keys:It is about various culture and cuisine about a place or some countries.

4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語(yǔ),它通常位于系動(dòng)詞后面,用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)“是什么”或“怎么樣”一種表示主語(yǔ)的特質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài), 其作用相當(dāng)于形容詞; 另一種具體說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容, 即主語(yǔ)等同于表語(yǔ), 兩者可互換。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他們演奏的音樂(lè)聽(tīng)起來(lái)令人激動(dòng)。The result is disappointing. 結(jié)果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂(lè)。Seeing is believing. 眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing

The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.

Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.

4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降調(diào)說(shuō)Who,其意思是問(wèn),對(duì)方想讓誰(shuí)在開(kāi)場(chǎng)時(shí)致歡迎詞。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.

Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5:After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."

The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the thunderstorm.報(bào)紙報(bào)道說(shuō)有一百多人在暴風(fēng)雨中喪生。(2)before、when、by the time、until、after、once等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)是一般過(guò)去時(shí),以及by、before后面接過(guò)去的時(shí)間時(shí),主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去的時(shí)間之前且表示被動(dòng)時(shí),要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。By the time my brother was 10, he had been sent to Italy.我弟弟10歲前就已經(jīng)被送到意大利了。Tons of rice had been produced by the end of last month. 到上月底已生產(chǎn)了好幾噸大米。(3) It was the first/second/last ... time that ...句中that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中,主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí),要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。It was the first time that I had seen the night fact to face in one and a half years. 這是我一年半以來(lái)第一次親眼目睹夜晚的景色。(4)在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中,條件句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反,且主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí),要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。If I had been instructed by him earlier, I would have finished the task.如果我早一點(diǎn)得到他的指示,我早就完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)了。If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train.如果我快點(diǎn)的話,我就不會(huì)誤了火車。If you had been at the party, you would have met him. 如果你去了晚會(huì),你就會(huì)見(jiàn)到他的。

各位老師:大家好!今天我說(shuō)課的課題是七年級(jí)上冊(cè)第四單元的《植樹(shù)的牧羊人》,我將從教材地位,學(xué)情分析,教學(xué)方法,教學(xué)目標(biāo),教學(xué)過(guò)程五方面進(jìn)行闡述。一、說(shuō)教材本單元課文體裁豐富,形式多樣。從不同方面詮釋了人生的意義和價(jià)值,處處彰顯著理想的光輝和人格的力量。本文講述了一個(gè)牧羊人在荒漠中默默無(wú)聞種樹(shù)的故事,用自己的雙手和堅(jiān)韌的毅力將荒蕪之地變成了人們可以安居樂(lè)業(yè)的田園。贊美他慷慨無(wú)私、不圖回報(bào)的精神品質(zhì)和勤勞執(zhí)著、積極樂(lè)觀的生活態(tài)度。二、學(xué)情分析七年級(jí)的學(xué)生正是人生觀價(jià)值觀的形成時(shí)期,本課的出現(xiàn),可以讓學(xué)生受到一次精神的洗禮,給學(xué)生一次特殊的情感體驗(yàn)。七年級(jí)的學(xué)生也具備了一定的閱讀能力和理解能力,理解作者情感難度不大,但在如何運(yùn)用正確的寫(xiě)作方法以及在生活中如何做到牧羊人那樣還需要教師加以引導(dǎo),希望借這篇美好的文章喚醒孩子們的愛(ài)心,做一個(gè)對(duì)社會(huì)有用的人。

有一天正午正走在黃泥岡上,他們又要喊歇,我自知這一帶劫匪出沒(méi)甚多,便催促他們快走,可他們卻坐在地上不動(dòng)了,任憑我怎樣拿鞭抽打,他們也不起來(lái),無(wú)奈之下,只得讓他們歇會(huì)兒。不一會(huì)兒,來(lái)了一個(gè)賣酒的人過(guò)來(lái),有人要買酒。被我阻止了,我說(shuō)這酒里不知放了什么,還是不要喝的好。又一會(huì)兒來(lái)了幾個(gè)販棗的客商,先買了一桶酒,又把另一桶打開(kāi)喝了一瓢。另一個(gè)客人見(jiàn)了,也拿瓢來(lái)舀酒。賣酒的見(jiàn)了,搶過(guò)瓢來(lái),劈手將酒倒在桶里。殊不知,就在這時(shí),蒙汗藥被放進(jìn)了桶里。老總管過(guò)來(lái)問(wèn)我:“楊提轄,你看他們喝了都沒(méi)事,我們也渴了,就買點(diǎn)吧?!蔽宜剂恐?,這一桶也被喝過(guò),應(yīng)該沒(méi)事,只得同意了。于是他們便沖上去買酒,有人還給了我一瓢,我接下來(lái)喝了。這時(shí)我看他們一個(gè)個(gè)都頭重腳輕栽倒在地上,心里暗叫:不好,中計(jì)了。但再想站起來(lái),已經(jīng)不可能了,看見(jiàn)那群“商人”,一個(gè)個(gè)笑著,我真是懊悔,沒(méi)讓隊(duì)伍繼續(xù)走,還有那些不聽(tīng)我話的人,為什么不聽(tīng)我話,又一次任務(wù)失敗了,回去怎么交代……不一會(huì)兒我眼前一片漆黑,什么也不知道了。醒來(lái)后,周圍一個(gè)人也沒(méi)有,而生辰綱果然不見(jiàn)了,無(wú)奈之下,我只能逃走,卻不知何處是終點(diǎn)……

1.理解懷疑精神的內(nèi)涵及重要意義。2.整體感知課文內(nèi)容,梳理作者的論證思路,把握議論文嚴(yán)密的論證結(jié)構(gòu)?!窘虒W(xué)過(guò)程】一、故事激趣,導(dǎo)入新課師:同學(xué)們還記得七年級(jí)時(shí)咱們學(xué)過(guò)的一則寓言故事《穿井得一人》嗎?哪位同學(xué)能給大家再講講這個(gè)故事?預(yù)設(shè):從前宋國(guó)有一戶姓丁的人家,家中沒(méi)有水井,經(jīng)常有一個(gè)人在外面專管供水的事兒。后來(lái)他家里打了一口水井,他便高興地對(duì)別人說(shuō):“我家里打井得到了一個(gè)人?!庇腥寺?tīng)到了他的話,就傳播說(shuō):“丁家打井挖出了一個(gè)人。”國(guó)都里的人都在談?wù)撨@件事,一直傳到了宋國(guó)國(guó)君那里。國(guó)君派人去問(wèn)情況。丁家的人回答說(shuō):“是得到了一個(gè)人的勞力,并不是從井中挖出來(lái)一個(gè)人呀?!弊穯?wèn):故事中,為什么會(huì)鬧出這樣的笑話呢?(學(xué)生自由發(fā)言)預(yù)設(shè):傳播這件事的人,沒(méi)有弄清事情的真相,不辨真?zhèn)?,以訛傳訛,最終鬧出了笑話。

一、復(fù)習(xí)回顧、引入新課上節(jié)課,我們學(xué)習(xí)了《懷疑與學(xué)問(wèn)》的內(nèi)容,也學(xué)習(xí)了議論文結(jié)構(gòu)的基本特征以及常用的論證方法,這節(jié)課我們重點(diǎn)學(xué)習(xí)議論文在論證論點(diǎn)過(guò)程中說(shuō)理的層次,還要進(jìn)一步理解議論文分析事理透辟,語(yǔ)言嚴(yán)密的特點(diǎn)。二、教學(xué)新課目標(biāo)導(dǎo)學(xué)一:探究說(shuō)理的層次,明確各段之間的關(guān)系請(qǐng)同學(xué)們細(xì)讀課文,邊讀邊思考句與句之間的關(guān)系,分組完成以下問(wèn)題。1.本文論點(diǎn)是“治學(xué)必須有懷疑精神”,作者是如何闡述懷疑精神的?明確:對(duì)懷疑精神作者闡述得明確而透徹:所謂疑就是決不輕信,經(jīng)過(guò)思考,分清是非,再?zèng)Q定信與不信;進(jìn)而把懷疑科學(xué)地分為“懷疑”“思索”“辨別”三步。2.結(jié)合課文思考:作者是如何闡述“從懷疑到創(chuàng)新”這一治學(xué)過(guò)程的?明確:作者在進(jìn)一步論證“懷疑是建設(shè)新學(xué)說(shuō)、啟迪新發(fā)明的基本條件”時(shí),又把懷疑到創(chuàng)新的治學(xué)過(guò)程分析為“懷疑、辯論、評(píng)判、修正、創(chuàng)新”。作者通過(guò)舉例、正反說(shuō)理,使內(nèi)容闡述得鞭辟入里,無(wú)懈可擊。

(一)談話激趣,導(dǎo)入新課好的開(kāi)頭是成功的一半,注重導(dǎo)入情節(jié)的創(chuàng)設(shè),是興趣激發(fā)的一個(gè)重點(diǎn),也是創(chuàng)設(shè)學(xué)習(xí)氛圍的重要環(huán)節(jié)。因此在導(dǎo)入新課時(shí),我會(huì)用富有感染力的話語(yǔ)吸引學(xué)生,激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。具體設(shè)計(jì):同學(xué)們,在我們的地球上生活著大量的動(dòng)物,走進(jìn)它們,我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)世界是那么的多姿多彩,富有情趣。在這一點(diǎn)上,法國(guó)的法布爾做得很好,與他一樣負(fù)有盛名的是奧地利的動(dòng)物學(xué)家康拉德?勞倫茲,他曾經(jīng)獲得諾貝爾生理醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng),今天就讓我們走進(jìn)他的《動(dòng)物笑談》,去看看他和動(dòng)物之間有趣的故事吧!(二)初讀課文,整體感知學(xué)生在預(yù)習(xí)的基礎(chǔ)上將重點(diǎn)字音及成語(yǔ)解釋在書(shū)上進(jìn)行勾畫(huà)和補(bǔ)充,進(jìn)一步熟悉課文,并概括文章的主要內(nèi)容。1.關(guān)于作者康拉德?勞倫茲(1903 -1989+,奧地利動(dòng)物行為學(xué)家,1973年由于對(duì)動(dòng)物行為學(xué)研究方面開(kāi)拓性的成就而獲諾貝爾生理醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng),除了在學(xué)術(shù)上的成就之外,勞倫茲最為人所稱道的是他在動(dòng)物行為方面的通俗寫(xiě)作,著有《所羅門王的指環(huán)》《攻擊的秘密》《雁語(yǔ)者》《狗的家世》等。

課件出示:少年時(shí)指青年時(shí)期,從辛棄疾的生平看,這時(shí)的他正處于金人統(tǒng)治區(qū)內(nèi),看到淪陷區(qū)的人們?cè)诋愖宓呐壑?,作為血?dú)夥絼偟膼?ài)國(guó)青年,油然而生收復(fù)失地的報(bào)國(guó)之志。因而這時(shí)的愁情也是真實(shí)存在的,那就是對(duì)淪陷區(qū)人民的同情,對(duì)國(guó)土淪喪的恥辱感,這時(shí)的愁,更多的是一種渴望收復(fù)中原、建立不世功業(yè)的志愿和動(dòng)力,是昂揚(yáng)而充滿激情的。2.深入思考,體會(huì)“愁”的含蓄之美(1)比較少年時(shí)登樓與而今登樓的目的有何不同?預(yù)設(shè):少年時(shí)登樓,是為了登高望遠(yuǎn),抒發(fā)自己的豪情壯志。而今登樓,是為了排遣內(nèi)心的悲憤之情。(2)是什么原因使詞人“欲說(shuō)還休”?預(yù)設(shè):統(tǒng)治者處處排擠、打擊他,他處處受猜忌,所以有愁不敢說(shuō)。更主要的原因是,一生抱負(fù)付之流水,鬢發(fā)蒼蒼,功業(yè)無(wú)成,而又沒(méi)有知音,無(wú)人理解。這種孤獨(dú)的愁情,跟誰(shuí)訴說(shuō),說(shuō)了又有什么用,這中間也包含著對(duì)南宋朝廷的無(wú)限失望。因?yàn)檫@種失望,所以辛棄疾“欲說(shuō)還休”。
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