
下面是對(duì)以高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)為主的新工業(yè)區(qū)的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行講解,教材以美國(guó)“硅谷”為例,首先談的是高技術(shù)工業(yè)的特點(diǎn),然后講述的是“硅谷”的發(fā)展條件,由于教學(xué)模式與意大利新工業(yè)區(qū)的內(nèi)容基本一致,這里就不再贅述了。接下來(lái)教材中提到的與之對(duì)照的案例同樣是以高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)而聞名的中關(guān)村,由于中關(guān)村在國(guó)內(nèi)的知名度較高,一般學(xué)生都有所了解,因此不妨讓學(xué)生談?wù)勛约旱目捶ǎ簩?duì)于高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展有何建議,相對(duì)于發(fā)展較為成功的“硅谷”我們需要學(xué)習(xí)的方面又是哪些?案例中最后一個(gè)問(wèn)題很值得深省,我國(guó)的新工業(yè)區(qū)到底怎樣做才能夠獲得成功,簡(jiǎn)單的模仿下我們?nèi)鄙俚挠质鞘裁??這個(gè)問(wèn)題可以作為拓展,讓學(xué)生寫(xiě)一篇簡(jiǎn)短的論文作為課后作業(yè)。最后做以簡(jiǎn)單的課堂小結(jié)。本節(jié)內(nèi)容的教學(xué)可能會(huì)相對(duì)繁雜,而案例之間的分析過(guò)程又過(guò)于雷同,所以難免枯燥。在處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題上,我將盡量做到詳略得當(dāng),主要培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的自主學(xué)習(xí)能力。

第三階段:分班交流論證,歸納整理成文在學(xué)生分組搜集整理資料的基礎(chǔ)之上,我們又以班級(jí)為單位由核心組成員組織資料交流并展開(kāi)討論,共同歸納整理,集體完成《常熟建設(shè)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)科技園區(qū)可行性分析調(diào)查表》中的相關(guān)內(nèi)容,交給各自的指導(dǎo)老師修改。第四階段:分片走進(jìn)園區(qū),體驗(yàn)總結(jié)反思我們本著“熟悉家鄉(xiāng)、就近考察”的原則把全年級(jí)的學(xué)生分成八組,分別到八個(gè)園區(qū)開(kāi)展實(shí)地調(diào)查。組織他們聽(tīng)園區(qū)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)或?qū)I(yè)人員介紹園區(qū)的建設(shè)情況和遠(yuǎn)景規(guī)劃,深入田間地頭和溫室大棚參觀園區(qū)生產(chǎn)裝備和農(nóng)民勞動(dòng)場(chǎng)景,開(kāi)展園區(qū)勞動(dòng)體驗(yàn),與園區(qū)農(nóng)民交談等系列活動(dòng)。要求大家在體驗(yàn)勞動(dòng)、收獲快樂(lè)的同時(shí),對(duì)照《常熟現(xiàn)代化農(nóng)業(yè)園區(qū)建設(shè)和發(fā)展情況調(diào)查表》的內(nèi)容逐一展開(kāi)討論并認(rèn)真填寫(xiě)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,我們又要求各片的同學(xué)認(rèn)真反思每個(gè)園區(qū)在發(fā)展過(guò)程中還有哪些不夠完美的地方和需要改進(jìn)的建議。

在學(xué)生回答的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行歸納小結(jié):發(fā)展城市公共交通? 明確道路分工? 合理規(guī)劃停車(chē)場(chǎng)? 減少出行距離? 錯(cuò)開(kāi)出行高峰? 加大城市道路建設(shè)? 進(jìn)行科學(xué)合理的交通管理,重視智能交通系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)提問(wèn):這組同學(xué)在幻燈片中提到城市環(huán)境污染源主要有哪些?城市交通環(huán)境問(wèn)題除了交通工具的尾氣排放帶來(lái)大氣污染外,還會(huì)給城市環(huán)境帶來(lái)什么問(wèn)題?這組同學(xué)基本同意自行車(chē)多是加劇南京空氣污染的間接原因,你同意他們的觀點(diǎn)嗎?在學(xué)生回答的基礎(chǔ)上,教師進(jìn)行歸納小結(jié):自行車(chē)是一種綠色交通工具,既環(huán)保又經(jīng)濟(jì)。只有當(dāng)它在某些機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)和非機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)不分的地段,影響車(chē)輛行駛速度的時(shí)候,它才可能成為加劇空氣污染的間接原因。那么我們針對(duì)交通工具對(duì)環(huán)境造成的影響,除了這組同學(xué)提到的三點(diǎn)解決措施以外,我們還有什么要補(bǔ)充的解決方法嗎?

b.基于對(duì)農(nóng)民工現(xiàn)象的認(rèn)識(shí)以及資料2的分析,請(qǐng)同學(xué)辨證的分析出這一現(xiàn)象的利弊——分析問(wèn)題,當(dāng)然,這一部分內(nèi)容還是要以學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)、合作學(xué)習(xí)為主,但教師要給予一定的引導(dǎo)。c.最后,請(qǐng)同學(xué)討論,提出自己的意見(jiàn)和建議,應(yīng)該怎樣解決農(nóng)民工所面臨的問(wèn)題——解決問(wèn)題。這一部分要求學(xué)生提出自己的見(jiàn)解,不局限于書(shū)本,發(fā)揮自身的創(chuàng)造性思維。3.課堂小結(jié):本節(jié)課作為問(wèn)題研究課程,探討了我國(guó)現(xiàn)階段的農(nóng)民工現(xiàn)象,了解了農(nóng)民工生存的環(huán)境,以及體會(huì)了解決農(nóng)民工問(wèn)題的必要性和重要性,并通過(guò)合作探討,得出了一些列解決的方案。著重培養(yǎng)大家對(duì)于問(wèn)題的綜合分析能力。增加大家對(duì)農(nóng)民工現(xiàn)象的感性認(rèn)識(shí),希望大家運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)關(guān)心現(xiàn)實(shí)社會(huì)中的問(wèn)題,增強(qiáng)社會(huì)責(zé)任感,學(xué)以致用。

一是堅(jiān)持把政治過(guò)硬擺在首位。制定領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部政治素質(zhì)考察辦法,列出15條具體指標(biāo)和20條負(fù)面清單,實(shí)行政治表現(xiàn)首問(wèn)、正反向?qū)m?xiàng)測(cè)評(píng)、政治表現(xiàn)和廉政意見(jiàn)“雙鑒定”、“雙簽字”等制度,開(kāi)展個(gè)別談話“十問(wèn)”、集體面談“五問(wèn)”,建立區(qū)管干部政治素質(zhì)檔案,提高政治把關(guān)的科學(xué)性和精準(zhǔn)度,堅(jiān)決把兩面人識(shí)別出來(lái)、擋在門(mén)外。共對(duì)××名政治上、廉潔上有問(wèn)題的區(qū)管干部一票否決?! 《菄?yán)格人選條件。把任職資格、履行程序和遵守紀(jì)律等情況作為干部選拔任用工作有關(guān)事項(xiàng)報(bào)告的重要內(nèi)容,對(duì)受處理處分干部和“裸官”使用、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部近親屬和身邊工作人員提任、破格提拔等情形從嚴(yán)審核把關(guān),嚴(yán)控用人風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

(2)Consolidate key vocabulary.Ask the students to complete the exercises of activity 6 by themselves. Then ask them to check the answers with their partners.(The first language:Damage of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire.A second language: Yunnan - one of the most diverse provinces in China).Step 5 Language points1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the more words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences.2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes.3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better.Step 6 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否結(jié)合文本特點(diǎn)了解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和作者的寫(xiě)作邏輯;3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否了解舊金山的城市風(fēng)貌、文化特色,以及加利福尼亞州的歷史,體會(huì)多元文化對(duì)美國(guó)的影響。

The price is the same as(the price was)before the war.價(jià)格與戰(zhàn)前相同。(4)定語(yǔ)從句中的“關(guān)系代詞+助動(dòng)詞be”可以省略。The ticket(that/which was)booked by his sister has been sent to him.他妹妹訂的那張票已送到了他那里。Step 5 PracticeActivity 3(1) Guide students to complete the four activities in the Using Structures part of exercise book, in which activities 1 and 2 focus on ellipsis in dialogue answers, activity 3 focus on signs and headlines, two typical situations where ellipsis is used, and activity 4 focus on ellipsis in diary, an informal style.(2) Combine the examples in the above activities, ask students to summarize the omitted situations in groups, and make their own summary into a poster, and post it on the class wall after class to share with the class.(This step should give full play to the subjectivity of students, and teachers should encourage students to conclude different ellipsis phenomena according to their own understanding, they can conclude according to the different parts omitted in the sentence.)Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the usages of ellipsis;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures of Workbook.1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握省略的用法;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境或情景恢復(fù)句子中省略的成分,體會(huì)使用省略的效果;3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否獨(dú)立完成練習(xí)冊(cè)和導(dǎo)學(xué)案中的相關(guān)練習(xí)。

該板塊的活動(dòng)主題是“介紹一個(gè)有顯著文化特征的地方”( Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity)。該板塊通過(guò)介紹中國(guó)城繼續(xù)聚焦中國(guó)文化。本單元主題圖呈現(xiàn)的是舊金山中國(guó)城的典型景象, Reading and Thinking部分也提到中國(guó)城,為該板塊作鋪墊。介紹中國(guó)城的目的主要是體現(xiàn)中國(guó)文化與美國(guó)多元文化的關(guān)系,它是美國(guó)多元文化的重要組成部分。中國(guó)城也是海外華人的精神家園和傳播中國(guó)文化的重要窗口,外國(guó)人在中國(guó)城能近距離體驗(yàn)中國(guó)文化。1. Read the text to understand the cultural characteristics of Chinatown in San Francisco and the relationship between Chinese culture and American multiculturalism;2. Through reading, learn to comb the main information of the article, understand the author's writing purpose and writing characteristics;3. Learn to give a comprehensive, accurate, and organized description of the city or town you live in;Learn to revise and evaluate your writing.Importance:1. Guide the students to read the introduction of Chinatown in San Francisco and grasp its writing characteristics;2. Guide students to introduce their city or town in a comprehensive, accurate and organized way;3. Learn to comb the main information of the article, understand the author's writing purpose, and master the core vocabulary.

Activity 81.Grasp the main idea of the listening.Listen to the tape and answer the following questions:Who are the two speakers in the listening? What is their relationship?What is the main idea of the first part of the listening? How about the second part?2.Complete the passage.Ask the students to quickly review the summaries of the two listening materials in activity 2. Then play the recording for the second time.Ask them to complete the passage and fill in the blanks.3.Play the recording again and ask the students to use the structure diagram to comb the information structure in the listening.(While listening, take notes. Capture key information quickly and accurately.)Step 8 Talking Activity 91.Focus on the listening text.Listen to the students and listen to the tape. Let them understand the attitudes of Wu Yue and Justin in the conversation.How does Wu Yue feel about Chinese minority cultures?What does Justin think of the Miao and Dong cultures?How do you know that?2.learn functional items that express concerns.Ask students to focus on the expressions listed in activity. 3.And try to analyze the meaning they convey, including praise (Super!).Agree (Exactly!)"(You're kidding.!)Tell me more about it. Tell me more about it.For example, "Yeah Sure." "Definitely!" "Certainly!" "No kidding!" "No wonder!" and so on.4.Ask the students to have conversations in small groups, acting as Jsim and his friends.Justin shares his travels in Guizhou with friends and his thoughts;Justin's friends should give appropriate feedback, express their interest in relevant information, and ask for information when necessary.In order to enrich the dialogue, teachers can expand and supplement the introduction of Miao, dong, Lusheng and Dong Dage.After the group practice, the teacher can choose several groups of students to show, and let the rest of the students listen carefully, after listening to the best performance of the group, and give at least two reasons.

1.薩赫勒地區(qū)位于撤哈拉沙漠的南緣。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的圖文資料,并聯(lián)系已學(xué)知識(shí),分析薩赫勒地區(qū)的氣候等自然特征,并說(shuō)明荒漠化的潛在自然因素。點(diǎn)撥:資料表明薩林勒地區(qū)正處于干旱與半干旱、熱帶沙漠與熱帶草原的過(guò)渡地帶;津德?tīng)柺瞧渲杏写硇缘木用顸c(diǎn),其月均溫都在22℃以上,甚至達(dá)到33℃,可想而知其蒸發(fā)量是巨大的。在降水方面,這里的年降水量不足500毫米,且基本集中在夏季,特別是7、8兩個(gè)月。以其有限的而且特別集中的降水狀況與其全年的高溫、高蒸發(fā)量相比,確實(shí)是個(gè)容易產(chǎn)生環(huán)境問(wèn)題的敏感地區(qū)??陀^上,這里就潛在著荒漠化的自然因素,這是本地區(qū)的地理位置和當(dāng)?shù)氐乃疅釛l件所決定的。2.氣候的嚴(yán)酷性決定了薩赫勒地區(qū)的傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)以自給性質(zhì)的游牧業(yè)為主。20世紀(jì)以來(lái),隨著沿岸國(guó)家人口和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展及本區(qū)交通條件的改善,這里的傳統(tǒng)游牧經(jīng)濟(jì)向商品性的定居牧業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)化。

蘇聯(lián)文學(xué)的沿革,既反映了蘇聯(lián)社會(huì)的偉大思想性變革,又反映了蘇聯(lián)文壇活躍與混亂并存的局面,特別是其所具有強(qiáng)烈的意識(shí)形態(tài)色彩是蘇聯(lián)社會(huì)深層次變化的風(fēng)向標(biāo)。(2)20世紀(jì)的亞、非、拉美文學(xué)20世紀(jì)亞、非、拉美文學(xué)的繁榮伴隨著民族民主運(yùn)動(dòng)的高漲,其主流都體現(xiàn)了反對(duì)殖民壓迫、反對(duì)社會(huì)不公的愛(ài)國(guó)主義精神。出現(xiàn)了許多頗有影響的作家和作品。泰戈?duì)柺怯《冉F(xiàn)代文學(xué)的光輝代表,為印度現(xiàn)代民族主義奠定了基礎(chǔ)。其代表作《戈拉》塑造了愛(ài)國(guó)的印度民族主義知識(shí)分子形象。泰戈?duì)柺鞘孜猾@諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的東方作家。魯迅是中國(guó)文學(xué)革命的巨匠,他的《吶喊》集,昭示著中國(guó)新文學(xué)時(shí)代的到來(lái)。哥倫比亞作家馬爾克斯的《百年孤獨(dú)》,描繪加勒比海沿岸小城百年孤獨(dú)的原因及打破這種狀態(tài)的途徑。

【本課小結(jié)】本課主要講述了古代中國(guó)土地制度的發(fā)展情況。明清的資本主義萌芽,是中國(guó)封建社會(huì)內(nèi)部產(chǎn)生的新生事物。但資本主義萌芽受到的封建王朝“重農(nóng)抑商”和“閉關(guān)鎖國(guó)”政策的阻礙。正是這種“閉關(guān)鎖國(guó)”與“重農(nóng)抑商”政策相結(jié)合,導(dǎo)致了資本主義萌芽的緩慢發(fā)展,并使中國(guó)與世隔絕,不能及時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)西方先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù),使中國(guó)落后于世界潮流,從而埋下了日后落后挨打的禍根?!局悄苡?xùn)練】閱讀下列材料:材料一自耕農(nóng)是封建國(guó)家直接剝削的對(duì)象。為了保證賦稅、徭役的供應(yīng),封建國(guó)家歷來(lái)關(guān)注這一階層的存在?!胺€(wěn)定小農(nóng)”是封建王朝長(zhǎng)治久安的良策,每一個(gè)新王朝建立時(shí),對(duì)此尤為關(guān)注。他們總是采取鼓勵(lì)墾荒等政策,積極培植自耕農(nóng)。誠(chéng)然,自耕農(nóng)這一階層是很不穩(wěn)定的,經(jīng)常分化。

【教學(xué)參考】對(duì)“新政”作用的評(píng)價(jià)史學(xué)界對(duì)“新政”作用的評(píng)價(jià)是仁者見(jiàn)仁、智者見(jiàn)智,但基本上有三種觀點(diǎn),即“功大于過(guò)論”、“過(guò)大于功論”和“功過(guò)參半論”。持“功大于過(guò)論”者認(rèn)為“新政”在美國(guó)歷史上基本上是一種進(jìn)步現(xiàn)象,首先,“新政”挽救了危機(jī),使美國(guó)人民擺脫了危機(jī)的困苦局面;其次,在缺少足夠的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策知識(shí)的時(shí)代,羅斯福所做的努力確實(shí)是開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的;再次,羅斯?!靶抡遍_(kāi)啟了美國(guó)以后歷屆政府實(shí)施國(guó)家干預(yù)政策的大門(mén),成為緩解自由主義經(jīng)濟(jì)制度之弊病的一劑良方,并在實(shí)質(zhì)上加強(qiáng)了美國(guó)聯(lián)邦政府的權(quán)威;最后,在30年代資本主義世界經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的背景下,同日本、德國(guó)為轉(zhuǎn)嫁危機(jī)而發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的策略相比,“新政”無(wú)疑代表了一種進(jìn)步、民主的解救危機(jī)方式。持“過(guò)大于功論”者認(rèn)為“新政”未能使美國(guó)走出蕭條、步入繁榮。

1. Ss look at the picture and scan the passage to understand the main idea while teacher is giving the following questions to inspire Ss to think.*Where are those people?*What are they doing?*Why are they so excited?2. Ss complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form. Then discuss and check the answers with class.Answers: boring, interesting, taking, exciting, amazing3. The teacher raises questions for the students to discuss and encourages them to express their opinions.*Do you like La Tomatina? Why or why not?4. Each group representative reports the discussion result, the teacher gives feedback and the evaluation.Step 6 PracticeActivity 41. Ss complete the Ex 2 in Using structures.2. Check the answers after finishing the exercises.①The dragon boat races are the most exciting part of the Dragon Boat Festival.② The children were excited to go Easter egg hunting.③What an amazing performance! This is the best music festival I have ever been to.④We were amazed by her funny-looking hat.⑤His inspiring speech at the conference won the admiration/ favour of the audience.⑥This is a challenging game to test your memory and observation capabilities. 3. T asks Ss to finish Ex 3 and 4 in Using structures by themselves, then check the answers with class.Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the functions and usage of the -ing form;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures.1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的功能和意義;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否在理解文段內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境和表達(dá)邏輯,能正確運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式描述節(jié)日慶典。3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否歸納和積累用于表達(dá)情緒的相關(guān)詞匯。

本板塊的活動(dòng)主題是“談?wù)摴?jié)日活動(dòng)”(Talk about festival activities),主要是從貼近學(xué)生日常生活的角度來(lái)切入“節(jié)日”主題。學(xué)生會(huì)聽(tīng)到發(fā)生在三個(gè)國(guó)家不同節(jié)日?qǐng)鼍跋碌暮?jiǎn)短對(duì)話,對(duì)話中的人們正在參與或?qū)⒁H歷不同的慶?;顒?dòng)。隨著全球化的進(jìn)程加速,國(guó)際交流日益頻繁,無(wú)論是國(guó)人走出國(guó)門(mén)還是外國(guó)友人訪問(wèn)中國(guó),都已成為司空見(jiàn)慣的事情。因此,該板塊所選取的三個(gè)典型節(jié)日?qǐng)鼍岸际菍儆诳缥幕浑H語(yǔ)境,不僅每組對(duì)話中的人物來(lái)自不同的文化背景,對(duì)話者的身份和關(guān)系也不盡相同。1. Master the new words related to holiday: the lantern, Carnival, costume, dress(sb)up, march, congratulation, congratulate, riddle, ceremony, samba, make - up, after all. 2. To understand the origin of major world festivals and the activities held to celebrate them and the significance of these activities;3. Improve listening comprehension and oral expression of the topic by listening and talking about traditional festivals around the world;4. Improve my understanding of the topic by watching pictures and videos about different traditional festivals around the world;5. Review the common assimilation phenomenon in English phonetics, can distinguish the assimilated phonemes in the natural language flow, and consciously use the assimilation skill in oral expression. Importance:1. Guide students to pay attention to the attitude of the speaker in the process of listening, and identify the relationship between the characters;2. Inspire students to use topic words to describe the festival activities based on their background knowledge. Difficulties:In the process of listening to the correct understanding of the speaker's attitude, accurately identify the relationship between the characters.

*wide range of origins(= a great number of different origins, many kinds of origins)*It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. (=A parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports were included as important parts of the Egyptian harvest festival.)*.. some traditions may fade away and others may be established.(= Some traditions may disappear gradually, while other new traditions may come into being.)Step 6 Practice(1) Listen and follow the tape.The teacher may remind the students to pay attention to the meaning and usage of the black words in the context, so as to prepare for the completion of the blanks in activity 5 and vocabulary exercises in the exercise book.(2) Students complete the text of activity 5 by themselves.The teacher needs to remind the students to fill in the blanks with the correct form of the vocabulary they have learned in the text.Students exchange their answers with their partners, and then teachers and students check their answers.(3)Finish the Ex in Activity 5 of students’ book.Step 7 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Discuss the origin of festivals, the historical changes of related customs, the influence of commercial society on festivals and the connotation and essential meaning of festivals.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法;2、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否結(jié)合文本特點(diǎn)快速而準(zhǔn)確地找到主題句;3、通過(guò)本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否理清論說(shuō)文的語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)和文本邏輯,了解節(jié)日風(fēng)俗發(fā)展與變遷,感悟節(jié)日的內(nèi)涵與意義。

這兩章是對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)場(chǎng)面的描寫(xiě)。寫(xiě)的是戰(zhàn)車(chē)、戰(zhàn)馬、象弭、魚(yú)服以及士兵的勞累奔波、饑渴難當(dāng),通過(guò)這些具體生動(dòng)的細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)來(lái)展現(xiàn)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)生活的圖景。而沒(méi)有寫(xiě)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上的刀光劍影、廝打拼殺,但戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的殘酷已可想見(jiàn)。4“昔我往矣,楊柳依依。今我來(lái)思,雨雪霏霏”被視為情景交融的佳句。清人王夫之在論《詩(shī)經(jīng)·小雅·采薇》這兩句時(shí)說(shuō):“以樂(lè)景寫(xiě)哀,以哀景寫(xiě)樂(lè),一倍增其哀樂(lè)?!闭?wù)勀愕目捶?。一以往昔之虛襯眼前之實(shí),以出征之樂(lè)襯內(nèi)心之思親之悲痛;二“楊柳依依”與“雨雪霏霏”對(duì)比,突出不勝今昔之感;三大雪交加,饑渴難當(dāng),情境實(shí)悲,以哀景寫(xiě)哀情。四、交流延伸1寫(xiě)一首詩(shī)或一段文字表達(dá)你對(duì)“鄉(xiāng)愁”的新的體驗(yàn)。在全班交流。2課后搜集更多的表現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)情的詩(shī)歌散文作品,將你最感動(dòng)的一篇拿到班上與同學(xué)分享感受。

三、想象畫(huà)面,把握意境1.指導(dǎo)想象學(xué)習(xí)陶淵明的《歸園田居》我們腦海中自然會(huì)出現(xiàn)一幅幅的畫(huà)面,比如他歸家后的生活場(chǎng)景,我們會(huì)想象“榆柳”是如何遮蔽房屋的,而“桃李”又是如何摘種在房前的。我們會(huì)想象村落是如何在薄霧中若隱若現(xiàn)的,想象炊煙是如何裊裊升起的?!渡娼绍饺亍芬辉?shī)只有8句話,更需要我們展開(kāi)想象,去構(gòu)畫(huà)場(chǎng)景,這樣才能深入詩(shī)歌,體會(huì)到詩(shī)歌的味道。2.學(xué)生想象要求學(xué)生閉目想象1分鐘。3.學(xué)生展示想象結(jié)果(抽三四個(gè)學(xué)生回答即可)4.老師指導(dǎo)糾正學(xué)生想象不合理之處。要注意的地方:“江”可能學(xué)生會(huì)想象成小溪流、小池塘。“蘭澤”可能學(xué)生理解成“湖泊”。注意字詞“還顧”“漫浩浩”中隱含的情感,注意“離居”中流露的愁怨。5.時(shí)間允許的話,老師讀自己的下水作文。

一個(gè)世紀(jì)前,一位了不起的美國(guó)人簽署了奴隸解放宣言,而我們今天就站在他的塑像下面。對(duì)于千千萬(wàn)萬(wàn)身受不公正待遇之苦的黑奴來(lái)說(shuō),這份劃時(shí)代的文件,是一座光芒萬(wàn)丈的希望燈塔,是結(jié)束他們被束縛之漫漫長(zhǎng)夜的快樂(lè)黎明。我有一個(gè)夢(mèng),有朝一日在喬治亞州的丘陵地帶,奴隸的后代與奴隸主的后代,將能夠兄弟般地相處。我有一個(gè)夢(mèng),有朝一日甚至密西西比州,這個(gè)充滿(mǎn)不平與壓迫的州,將轉(zhuǎn)化成一片自由與公正的綠洲。我有一個(gè)夢(mèng),我的四個(gè)孩子,有朝一日將可以生活在這樣一個(gè)國(guó)度里:在此人們不是根據(jù)他們的膚色,而是根據(jù)他們的品行來(lái)衡量他們。我今天有一個(gè)夢(mèng)!我有一個(gè)夢(mèng),有朝一日在阿拉巴馬州,盡管目前有許多惡毒的種族主義者,盡管州長(zhǎng)叫嚷著要與聯(lián)邦政府對(duì)抗,有朝一日在阿拉巴馬州,黑人孩子與白人孩子將會(huì)像兄弟姊妹那樣親密無(wú)間。

讓學(xué)生仔細(xì)聆聽(tīng)美妙的音樂(lè),合作討論,加深理解。(1)本詩(shī)文中的“蘭芝被遣”和“蘭芝抗婚”的情節(jié),可與樂(lè)曲展開(kāi)部第一階段“逼嫁抗婚”對(duì)比閱讀。文中的劉蘭芝是在封建禮教的壓迫下被遣歸及被迫“改嫁”,劉蘭芝與祝英臺(tái)一樣都進(jìn)行了抗?fàn)?。?lè)曲中的樂(lè)器奏出了具有威脅力的封建勢(shì)力的主題,代表著封建勢(shì)力的兇暴殘酷,同時(shí)敘述了祝英臺(tái)的悲痛和不安心情,表現(xiàn)了控訴、抗?fàn)幍母星?。?)本詩(shī)文中的“夫妻誓別”的情節(jié),可與樂(lè)曲呈示部中的結(jié)束部“長(zhǎng)亭惜別”對(duì)比閱讀。文中劉蘭芝與焦仲卿的誓別。二人分手之際,依依不舍,“舉手長(zhǎng)勞勞,二情同依依”。樂(lè)曲中梁祝分別時(shí)依依不舍又充滿(mǎn)悲傷,音調(diào)抒情徐緩。讓學(xué)生在徐緩的音樂(lè)中去感受劉蘭芝與焦仲卿生離死別的痛苦。
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