
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.

The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.

Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …h(huán)orse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.

The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.

一、設計思想通過本節(jié)教學,不但要使學生認識掌握勻變速直線運動的規(guī)律,而且要通過對這問題的研究,使學生了解和體會物理學研究問題的一個方法,圖象、公式、以及處理實驗數據的方法等。這一點可能對學生更為重要,要通過學習過程使學生有所體會。本節(jié)在內容的安排順序上,既注意了科學系統(tǒng),又注意學生的認識規(guī)律。講解問題從實際出發(fā),盡量用上一節(jié)的實驗測量數據。運用圖象這種數學工具,相對強調了圖象的作用和要求。這是與以前教材不同的。在現代生產、生活中,圖象的運用隨處可見,無論學生將來從事何種工作,掌握最基本的應用圖象的知識,都是必須的。學生在初學時往往將數學和物理分割開來,不習慣或不會將已學過的數學工具用于物理當中。在教學中應多在這方面引導學生。本節(jié)就是一個較好的機會,將圖象及其物理意義聯系起來。

三、作出速度-時間圖像(v-t圖像)1、確定運動規(guī)律最好辦法是作v-t圖像,這樣能更好地顯現物體的運動規(guī)律。2、x y x1 x2 y2 y1 0討論如何在本次實驗中描點、連線。(以時間t為橫軸,速度v為縱軸,建立坐標系,選擇合適的標度,把剛才所填表格中的各點在速度-時間坐標系中描出。注意觀察和思考你所描畫的這些點的分布規(guī)律,你會發(fā)現這些點大致落在同一條直線上,所以不能用折線連接,而用一根直線連接,還要注意連線兩側的點數要大致相同。)3、若出現了個別明顯偏離絕大部分點所在直線的點,該如何處理?(對于個別明顯偏離絕大部分點所在直線的點,我們可以認為是測量誤差過大、是測量中出現差錯所致,將它視為無效點,但是在圖像當中仍應該保留,因為我們要尊重實驗事實,這畢竟是我們的第一手資料,是原始數據。)4、怎樣根據所畫的v-t圖像求加速度?(從所畫的圖像中取兩個點,找到它們的縱、橫坐標(t1,v1)、(t2,v2),然后代入公式,求得加速度,也就是直線的斜率。在平面直角坐標系中,直線的斜率

一、教學目標1.知識與技能:(1)知道勻速直線運動的位移x=υt對應著 圖象中的矩形面積.(2)掌握勻變速直線運動的位移與時間關系的公式 ,及其簡單應用.(3)掌握勻變速直線運動的位移與速度關系的公式 ,及其簡單應用.2.過程與方法:(1)讓學生初步了解探究學習的方法.(2)培養(yǎng)學生運用數學知識-----函數圖象的能力.(3)培養(yǎng)學生運用已知結論正確類比推理的能力.3.情感態(tài)度與價值觀:(1)培養(yǎng)學生認真嚴謹的科學分析問題的品質.(2)從知識是相互關聯、相互補充的思想中,培養(yǎng)學生建立事物是相互聯系的唯物主義觀點.(3)培養(yǎng)學生應用物理知識解決實際問題的能力.二、教學重點、難點1.教學重點及其教學策略:重點:(1)勻變速直線運動的位移與時間關系的公式 及其應用.(2)勻變速直線運動的位移與速度關系的公式 及其應用.教學策略:通過思考討論和實例分析來加深理解.

(四)實例探究☆力和運動的關系1、一個物體放在光滑水平面上,初速為零,先對物體施加一向東的恒力F,歷時1秒,隨即把此力改變?yōu)橄蛭?,大小不變,歷時1秒鐘,接著又把此力改為向東,大小不變,歷時1秒鐘,如此反復只改變力的方向,共歷時1分鐘,在此1分鐘內A.物體時而向東運動,時而向西運動,在1分鐘末靜止于初始位置之東B.物體時而向東運動,時而向西運動,在1分鐘末靜止于初始位置C.物體時而向東運動,時而向西運動,在1分鐘末繼續(xù)向東運動D.物體一直向東運動,從不向西運動,在1分鐘末靜止于初始位置之東☆牛頓運動定律的應用2、用30N的水平外力F,拉一靜止放在光滑的水平面上質量為20kg的物體,力F作用3秒后消失,則第5秒末物體的速度和加速度分別是A.v=7.5m/s,a=l.5m/s2B.v=4.5m/s,a=l.5m/s2C.v=4.5m/s,a=0D.v=7.5m/s,a=0

【設計思路】新課程十分強調科學探究在科學課程中的作用,應該說科學探究是這次課程改革的核心。我覺得:科學探究不一定是要讓學生純粹地通過實驗進行探究,應該說科學探究是一種科學精神,學生只要通過自己的探索和體驗,變未知為已知,這樣的教學活動也是科學探究。本節(jié)課是概念教學課,讓學生純粹地通過實驗進行探究是不太合適的。但通過學生自己的探索和體驗,變未知為已知還比較合適。本節(jié)課的設計就是基于這樣的出發(fā)點,在引出加速度的概念時低臺階,步步深入,充分激活學生的思維,是學生思維上的探究。通過復習前邊速度時間圖像,從而得到從圖像上得到加速度的方法,為加深加速度概念和相關知識的理解有配套了相應練習題目,做到強化練習的目的?!窘虒W目標】知識與技能1.理解加速度的意義,知道加速度是表示速度變化快慢的物理量.知道它的定義、公式、符號和單位,能用公式a=△v/△t進行定量計算.2.知道加速度與速度的區(qū)別和聯系,會根據加速度與速度的方向關系判斷物體是加速運動還是減速運動.3.能從勻變速直線運動的v—t圖象理解加速度的意義.

【設計思路】新課程十分強調科學探究在科學課程中的作用,應該說科學探究是這次課程改革的核心。我覺得:科學探究不一定是要讓學生純粹地通過實驗進行探究,應該說科學探究是一種科學精神,學生只要通過自己的探索和體驗,變未知為已知,這樣的教學活動也是科學探究。本節(jié)課是概念教學課,讓學生純粹地通過實驗進行探究是不太合適的。但通過學生自己的探索和體驗,變未知為已知還比較合適。本節(jié)課的設計就是基于這樣的出發(fā)點,在引出加速度的概念時低臺階,步步深入,充分激活學生的思維,是學生思維上的探究。通過復習前邊速度時間圖像,從而得到從圖像上得到加速度的方法,為加深加速度概念和相關知識的理解有配套了相應練習題目,做到強化練習的目的?!窘虒W目標】知識與技能1.理解加速度的意義,知道加速度是表示速度變化快慢的物理量.知道它的定義、公式、符號和單位,能用公式a=△v/△t進行定量計算.2.知道加速度與速度的區(qū)別和聯系,會根據加速度與速度的方向關系判斷物體是加速運動還是減速運動.

一、設計思想通過本節(jié)教學,不但要使學生認識掌握勻變速直線運動的規(guī)律,而且要通過對這問題的研究,使學生了解和體會物理學研究問題的一個方法,圖象、公式、以及處理實驗數據的方法等。這一點可能對學生更為重要,要通過學習過程使學生有所體會。本節(jié)在內容的安排順序上,既注意了科學系統(tǒng),又注意學生的認識規(guī)律。講解問題從實際出發(fā),盡量用上一節(jié)的實驗測量數據。運用圖象這種數學工具,相對強調了圖象的作用和要求。這是與以前教材不同的。在現代生產、生活中,圖象的運用隨處可見,無論學生將來從事何種工作,掌握最基本的應用圖象的知識,都是必須的。學生在初學時往往將數學和物理分割開來,不習慣或不會將已學過的數學工具用于物理當中。在教學中應多在這方面引導學生。本節(jié)就是一個較好的機會,將圖象及其物理意義聯系起來。

一、教學目標1.知識與技能:(1)知道勻速直線運動的位移x=υt對應著 圖象中的矩形面積.(2)掌握勻變速直線運動的位移與時間關系的公式 ,及其簡單應用.(3)掌握勻變速直線運動的位移與速度關系的公式 ,及其簡單應用.2.過程與方法:(1)讓學生初步了解探究學習的方法.(2)培養(yǎng)學生運用數學知識-----函數圖象的能力.(3)培養(yǎng)學生運用已知結論正確類比推理的能力.3.情感態(tài)度與價值觀:(1)培養(yǎng)學生認真嚴謹的科學分析問題的品質.(2)從知識是相互關聯、相互補充的思想中,培養(yǎng)學生建立事物是相互聯系的唯物主義觀點.(3)培養(yǎng)學生應用物理知識解決實際問題的能力.二、教學重點、難點1.教學重點及其教學策略:重點:(1)勻變速直線運動的位移與時間關系的公式 及其應用.(2)勻變速直線運動的位移與速度關系的公式 及其應用.教學策略:通過思考討論和實例分析來加深理解.

觀察實驗視頻實驗驗證師:其實大家完全可以利用身邊的器材來驗證。實驗1、用彈簧秤掛上鉤碼,然后迅速上提和迅速下放?,F象:在鉤碼被迅速上提的一瞬間,彈簧秤讀數突然變大;在鉤碼被迅速下放的一瞬間,彈簧秤讀數突然變小。師:迅速上提時彈簧秤示數變大是超重還是失重?迅速下放時彈簧秤示數變小是超重還是失重?生:迅速上提超重,迅速下放失重。體會為何用彈簧秤測物體重力時要保證在豎直方向且保持靜止或勻速實驗2、學生站在醫(yī)用體重計上,觀察下蹲和站起時秤的示數如何變化?在實驗前先讓同學們理論思考示數會如何變化再去驗證,最后再思考。(1)在上升過程中可分為兩個階段:加速上升、減速上升;下蹲過程中也可分為兩個階段:加速下降、減速下降。(2)當學生加速上升和減速下降時會出現超重現象;當學生加速下降和減速上升時會出現失重現象;(3)出現超重現象時加速度方向向上,出現失重現象時加速度方向向下。完全失重

3、若出現了個別明顯偏離絕大部分點所在直線的點,該如何處理?(對于個別明顯偏離絕大部分點所在直線的點,我們可以認為是測量誤差過大、是測量中出現差錯所致,將它視為無效點,但是在圖像當中仍應該保留,因為我們要尊重實驗事實,這畢竟是我們的第一手資料,是原始數據。)4、怎樣根據所畫的v-t圖像求加速度?(從所畫的圖像中取兩個點,找到它們的縱、橫坐標(t1,v1)、(t2,v2),然后代入公式,求得加速度,也就是直線的斜率。在平面直角坐標系中,直線的斜率四、實踐與拓展例1、在探究小車速度隨時間變化規(guī)律的實驗中,得到一條記錄小車運動情況的紙帶,如圖所示。圖中A、B、C、D、E為相鄰的計數點,相鄰計數點的時間間隔為T=0.1s。⑴根據紙帶上的數據,計算B、C、D各點的數據,填入表中。

(二)?過程與方法? 4.?觀察生活中的慣性現象,了解力和運動的關系? 5.?通過實驗加深對牛頓第一定律的理解? 6.?理解理想實驗是科學研究的重要方法? (三)?情感態(tài)度與價值觀? 7.?通過伽利略和亞里士多德對力和運動關系的不同認識,了解人類認識事物本質的曲折性? 8.?感悟科學是人類進步的不竭動力

第一環(huán)節(jié):關于勞動光榮和就業(yè)的意義。這兩個問題學生在自主閱讀的基礎上,教師設疑,給出兩個人物事跡,一是農民工劉俊剛把青春獻給第二個家鄉(xiāng)的城市美容師;一是北大學子李彥宏自主創(chuàng)業(yè),創(chuàng)建百度公司,啟發(fā)學生比較、思考。很多學生傾向于要做李彥宏,教師則適時引導:難道清潔工的勞動不重要嗎?經過辯論,歸納出勞動和就業(yè)的意義。接著利用教材中李師傅的事例,進行問題探究,“李師傅找不到工作的原因是什么?”從主客觀兩方面分析,帶著問題進入到下一環(huán)節(jié)學習。第二環(huán)節(jié):突出重點。多媒體展示:通過數字的列舉及對占有材料的分析,既看到了我國就業(yè)形勢嚴峻,也介紹了國家關注民生,實施積極的就業(yè)政策。在此基礎上,教師啟發(fā)學生歸納“我國就業(yè)嚴峻的原因及對策?”學生把教材理論與生活中的現實材料相結合,進行探究,得出就業(yè)形勢嚴峻的主要原因及其相應對策。

基于以上分析,為使本堂課圍繞重點、突破難點,同時讓學生在課堂教學中能力得到提高,我設計如下教學過程。(一)創(chuàng)設情景認識形變由同學們已有的形變知識入手,引入新課。教師演示:①彈簧的壓縮形變;②彈簧的拉伸形變③視頻播放:竹竿形變、鋼絲的扭轉形變。得出形變的概念及各類形變。[設計意圖:我從生活情景中引入新課,是為了激發(fā)學生的好奇心,為學生學習重點和難點內容作鋪墊。]設問:摩天大樓在風的吹拂下會不會擺動,發(fā)生形變嗎?演示微小形變放大實驗:由于這種形變不容易觀察,會使學生產生疑問:到底有沒有發(fā)生形變?解決的辦法是微小形變的演示實驗。為什么光點會往下移?讓學生帶著問題思考后得出結論:是由于桌面發(fā)生了形變,但是形變不明顯。為后面解決壓力和支持力都是彈力做好鋪墊。[設計意圖:使學生知道“放大”是一種科學探究的方法。]

本節(jié)課是人教社物理必修1第三章第三節(jié)的內容,編排在彈力之后。該節(jié)知識既是力學的基礎,也是組成整個高中物理知識的一塊“基石”,所以這節(jié)內容的教學如何引領學生自主積極地探究摩擦力產生的條件和影響因素,體驗摩擦力特點規(guī)律的發(fā)生過程是本節(jié)課的重點,應高度重視本節(jié)教學過程;由于摩擦力問題的復雜性,且在具體問題中又表現出“動中有靜,靜中有動”,尤其靜摩擦在許多情形下似乎又是“若有若無,方向不定”,因此,對于初學者也是有一定難度的。也正是由于教材內容的上述特點,本節(jié)課又易于激起學生的求知欲,易于培養(yǎng)學生的辯證觀點,易于錘煉學生的物理素質。要充分用好該節(jié)教材內容,深入挖掘知識間的有機聯系,對學生開展針對性的思維訓練,進而提高學生應用物理知識解決實際問題的能力和創(chuàng)新思維能力。高中物理《課標》對該知識點的要求是,“通過實驗認識滑動摩擦、靜摩擦的規(guī)律,能用動摩擦因數計算摩擦力”。其中,對靜摩擦力規(guī)律的認識應該包括最大靜摩擦力。

一、 教材分析1、地位和作用《文化創(chuàng)新的途徑》是人教版教材高二政治必修3第二單元第五課第二個框題內容,本課是對全面兩課的一個提升,同時對接下來學習第三、四單元的知識具有指導作用。文化創(chuàng)新是一個社會熱點,具有很強的思想理論性和探索實踐性。在前面兩課中,學生基本明確了文化的交流、傳播和發(fā)展;也明白了文化的繼承和發(fā)展需要創(chuàng)新。而怎樣進行創(chuàng)新是本節(jié)課探討的內容,也是本單元的重點、難點和落腳點。2、教學目標(1)知識與能力目標:①識計文化創(chuàng)新的途徑;理解文化創(chuàng)新過程中要認識和處理好兩對基本關系:當代文化與傳統(tǒng)文化、民族文化和外來文化的關系;②使學生初步具備認識和處理當代文化與傳統(tǒng)文化、民族文化與外來文化關系的能力;使學生具備在合作、探究中體驗生活、生成認識、構建知識的能力。

(明確:“寡人之于國也,盡心焉耳矣”,但“寡人之民不加多,何也?”)②他認為自己對國家政務盡心盡力了,他有哪些具體做法?(明確:移民移粟)③第2—4節(jié)中孟子是怎樣說明梁惠王移民移粟的措施與“鄰國之政”并無本質區(qū)別的?(明確:孟子不直接回答“民不加多”的問題,而是用梁惠王熟悉的“戰(zhàn)”設喻——設圈套,誘使對方在不知不覺中說出“不可,直不百步耳,是亦走也?!保苊献诱J為怎樣才能做到“王道之始”?要想“王道之成”還需采取哪些措施?(明確:“不違農時,谷不可勝食也。數罟不入氵夸池,魚鱉不可勝食也。斧斤以時入山林,材木不可勝用也。谷與魚鱉不可勝食,材木不可勝用五畝之宅,樹之以桑,五十者可以衣帛矣。雞豚狗彘之畜,無失其時,七十者可以食肉矣。百畝之田,勿奪其時,數口之家,可以無饑矣。謹庫序之教,申之以孝涕之義,頒白者不負戴于道路矣。)這一小步的目的是想讓學生通過這些問題的解答,可以進一步理清思路,掌握文的大概內容。
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