
【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】 1.了解詩歌意象,讀出詩歌意境。2.在誦讀中理解詩人的情感,感受詩歌的藝術(shù)魅力。3.能夠在朗誦時(shí)通過重音、停連、節(jié)奏等,把握詩歌的感情基調(diào),讀出感情,讀出韻律?!窘虒W(xué)課時(shí)】1課時(shí)【教學(xué)過程】一、自由吟誦,導(dǎo)入新課師:“腹有詩書氣自華”,讀詩可以陶冶情操,豐富文化內(nèi)涵,還可以提升氣質(zhì)。大家從小就開始接觸詩歌,詩歌應(yīng)該怎樣去吟誦呢?哪位同學(xué)愿意為大家示范一下?(生朗誦詩歌)師:這位同學(xué)剛才朗誦得很好,但是還沒有將詩歌的情感完全讀出來。那么,我們該如何通過誦讀,讀出詩歌的意境、詩人的情感呢?今天,我們就一起來探討一下詩歌的吟誦方法。【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】活躍課堂氣氛,提高學(xué)生參與度,對于訓(xùn)練詩歌朗誦是很有必要的。以學(xué)生吟誦詩歌的方式導(dǎo)入新課,可以較大程度地激發(fā)他們的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。

(1)聽一遍范唱錄音?! ?2)討論歌曲的歌詞表現(xiàn)的是什么內(nèi)容?(師生共同討論)第一部分實(shí)際上只有兩句歌詞:“請把我的歌帶回你的家,請把你的微笑留下”,歌聲與微笑架起了友誼的橋梁。第二部分是引申,描繪了“友誼花開遍地香”的情景。這首歌雖然短小,意義卻不小。

《樹之歌》是統(tǒng)編版二年級上冊第二單元的一篇識字課文。介紹樹木特征的歸類識字歌,描寫了楊樹、榕樹、梧桐樹……等11種樹木,表現(xiàn)了大自然樹木種類的豐富。課文安排了一組“木”字旁歸類識字。把樹木的名稱集中在一首詩歌中,讓學(xué)生在感受美麗景色、感受美好生活的同時(shí),認(rèn)識事物,認(rèn)識表示樹木的漢字,感知不同樹木的名稱。教學(xué)的過程中可引導(dǎo)學(xué)生在誦讀文本的同時(shí),體現(xiàn)多樣的識字形式,要將識字教學(xué)與閱讀文本有機(jī)融合, 在反復(fù)的讀書體會(huì)中,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)漢字規(guī)律,運(yùn)用形聲字形旁表義、聲旁表音的特點(diǎn)歸類識字,并鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生運(yùn)用已經(jīng)掌握的方法自主識字。 1.認(rèn)識“梧、桐”等15個(gè)生字,會(huì)寫“楊、壯”等10個(gè)生字。學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用形聲字的特點(diǎn)自主識字。2.正確、流利地朗讀兒歌,并背誦全文。3.通過看圖和讀兒歌,初步了解11種樹木的基本特點(diǎn)。積累與樹木有關(guān)的語句。4.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)觀察身邊的事物,樹立愛護(hù)花草樹木的意識。 1.教學(xué)重點(diǎn):學(xué)會(huì)本課生字,利用形聲字特點(diǎn)掌握木字旁的8個(gè)生字。朗讀課文,背誦課文。了解不同樹木的特點(diǎn)。2.教學(xué)難點(diǎn):能按掌握形聲字的構(gòu)字特點(diǎn),了解11種樹木的基本特點(diǎn)。積累與樹木有關(guān)的語句。能背誦課文。 2課時(shí)

《場景歌》是統(tǒng)編版二年級上冊第二單元的一篇識字課文。這是一組數(shù)量詞歸類識字。把數(shù)量詞分類集中在四幅不同的圖畫之中,讓學(xué)生在感受美麗景色、感受美好生活的同時(shí),認(rèn)識事物,認(rèn)識表示事物的漢字,初步感知不同事物數(shù)量詞的表達(dá)方式。全文共五節(jié)。第一節(jié)是一幅大海風(fēng)景圖。第二節(jié)是一幅山村田園風(fēng)光圖。第三節(jié)是一幅公園景色圖。第四幅是少先隊(duì)員活動(dòng)的場面。教師要充分調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的積極性,采用各種各樣的方法,讓學(xué)生自己認(rèn)字,朗讀。在教學(xué)的過程中,通過結(jié)合圖片和上下文,欣賞美麗景色,感受美好生活,同時(shí)認(rèn)識事物,初步感知不同事物數(shù)量詞的表達(dá)方式。 1.認(rèn)識“帆、艘”等10個(gè)生字,會(huì)寫“處、園”等10個(gè)生字。2.正確朗讀課文。初步感受場景展示的美麗景色,了解不同事物數(shù)量詞的不同的表達(dá)。3.選擇照片或圖畫,仿照課文,學(xué)習(xí)用數(shù)量詞表達(dá)生活中的事物。4.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生留心觀察周圍事物的習(xí)慣,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的觀察能力和想象能力。 1.教學(xué)重點(diǎn):會(huì)認(rèn)、會(huì)寫課文相關(guān)生字。正確朗讀課文。背誦課文。初步感受場景展示的美麗景色,了解不同事物量詞的不同表達(dá)。2.教學(xué)難點(diǎn):培養(yǎng)學(xué)生留心觀察周圍事物的習(xí)慣,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的觀察能力和想象能力。學(xué)習(xí)用數(shù)量詞表達(dá)生活中的事物。 2課時(shí)

【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】以課文為本,積累知識,領(lǐng)會(huì)其寫法,提高閱讀鑒賞能力是必須的,但文中的知識點(diǎn)很多,時(shí)間有限,教師不可能面面俱到。故本板塊設(shè)計(jì)側(cè)重反語的表達(dá)效果,教師啟發(fā)引路為輔,學(xué)生合作探究為主。三、總結(jié)交流,拓展延伸學(xué)完本文,我們思緒萬千,有對雨果的欽佩,有對英法聯(lián)軍的痛恨,有對清政府的憤懣,有對戰(zhàn)爭的厭惡……請以《,我想對你說》為題,說一段話,談?wù)勀愕母邢搿!驹O(shè)計(jì)意圖】學(xué)以致用,才是教學(xué)的最好歸宿。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生與文本中的人、事對話,既可加深學(xué)生對所學(xué)知識的理解,又可鍛煉學(xué)生運(yùn)用知識、獨(dú)立思考的能力,還能激發(fā)為振興中華而發(fā)憤圖強(qiáng)的愛國激情。結(jié)束語:一代名園圓明園毀滅了,它毀于英法侵略者之手,也毀于清政府的腐敗無能。它的毀滅,既是西方侵略者野蠻摧殘人類文化的見證,又是文明古國落后也要挨打的證明,我們中華民族不想欺侮其他民族,但也決不能允許別人欺侮我們。少年強(qiáng),則中國強(qiáng)!同學(xué)們,為了中華民族的偉大復(fù)興,為了圓明園類似的悲劇不再發(fā)生,我們要勤奮學(xué)習(xí),努力奮斗!

寫作背景這首詩寫于普希金被沙皇流放的日子里,是以贈(zèng)詩的形式寫在他的鄰居奧希泊娃的女兒葉甫勃拉克西亞·尼古拉耶夫娜·伏里夫紀(jì)念冊上的。那里俄國革命正如火如荼,詩人卻被迫與世隔絕。在這樣的處境下,詩人卻沒有喪失希望與斗志,他熱愛生活,執(zhí)著地追求理想,相信光明必來,正義必勝。(三)、問題探究1、“假如生活欺騙了你”指的是什么?指在生活中因遭遇艱難困苦甚至不幸而身處逆境。作者寫這首詩時(shí)正被流放,是自己真實(shí)生活的寫照。2、詩人在詩中闡明了怎樣的人生態(tài)度?請結(jié)合你感受最深的詩句說說你曾有過的體驗(yàn)。詩中闡明了這樣一種積極樂觀的人生態(tài)度:當(dāng)生活欺騙了你時(shí),不要悲傷,不要心急;在苦惱的時(shí)候要善于忍耐,一切都會(huì)過去,我們一定要永葆積極樂觀的心態(tài);生活中不可能沒有痛苦與悲傷,歡樂不會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)被憂傷所掩蓋,快樂的日子終會(huì)到來。

1. First, ... then, ... next, ... finally, ...首先,……然后,……接著,……最后,……這是英語中表達(dá)做某事的步驟的一種說法。如果步驟較多,還可以說:first-next-after that-later on-finally/at last通常你會(huì)聽到說英語國家的人在說 first, next, then, finally 和后面的內(nèi)容時(shí),他們會(huì)做一些停頓。這樣就能提前告訴聽者接下來講的是一系列的步驟。這一點(diǎn)在朗讀和聽力中應(yīng)特別注意。2. how many, how much均為疑問詞,同是“多少”,但用法不同。請看:how many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),how much修飾不可數(shù)名詞。但在用法上,同學(xué)們常犯如下錯(cuò)誤:1) [誤] How many are there bananas on the table?[正] How many bananas are there on the table?[析] how many, how much 中的many,much是形容詞,常修飾名詞作定語,故后面跟名詞。2) [誤]How much tea are there on the table?[正]How much tea is there on the table?[析] how much修飾不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。how many與how much的區(qū)別可簡記為:前how many:問“多少”,復(fù)數(shù)名詞后面跑;how much問“多少”,不可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)好。前者答語用基數(shù)詞,后者答語用數(shù)量關(guān)系。

“Go for it!” is based on “Task-Based Language Teaching”. It adheres to “The authenticity principle”, “The form-function principle”, “The task dependency principle” and “The principle of learning by doing”. These principles all accord with the demands of curriculum focus.In and of Grade Seven (II), “Go for it!”, students have learned “The Simple Past Tense”. And it appears again in of Grade Eight (I). teaches students more about how to talk about events in the past. In addition, it gives affirmative and negative statements in the past tense, such as the sentence patterns “Did you see …?” “Were there …?” “Did you go …?” As the first part of Unit 8, Section A opens with a picture presenting the last school trip in the aquarium and continues with several step-by-step practice activities, which are all good for students to master “The Simple Past Tense”. Doing well in Section A will help students integrate the new target language with that in Section B. Thus, they can describe the events in the past freely and foster their own ability of reflecting and practicing. II. Teaching ObjectivesTeaching objective is the beginning and aim of teaching activities. According to the overall goal of the English elementary course--- improve students' synthetic ability of language application, which should be based on the development of students’ “Language knowledge”, “Language skills”, “Character building”, “Learning strategies” and “Cross-cultural awareness”. The teaching objectives are described as follows(I). Knowledge objectivesi. Master the simple past tense of regular and irregular verbsii. Recite the new words and expressions about the last school trip in the aquarium, including their pronunciation and intonation

Step Ⅶ Role play ( Work on 1b)1. First ask two students to read the dialogue to the class.Sa: How do you get to school?Sb: Well, I ride my bike to the subway station. Then I take the subway.2. Now work with a partner.Suppose you use two kinds of transportation to get to school \Hangzhou\Beijing... (bus, train, subway, walking, bike, etc.) Tell how you get there. You may use the phrases in 1a.3. Then ask different pairs of students to present their conversations to the class.Step ⅧListening1. Work on 2a(1) First ask students to read the list of information that Thomas wants to know.…where Nina lives.…h(huán)ow far from school she lives.…h(huán)ow long it takes to get to school.…h(huán)ow she gets to school.…what she thinks of the transportation.(2) Tell students what transportation and bus stop mean.bus stop 汽車站 transportation n. 運(yùn)送;運(yùn)輸Then tell students we'll hear a recording. Please put a checkmark in front of each thing that Thomas wants to know.(3) Now play the recording for students.( Have students pay attention to the sample answer.) (4) Then correct the answers.

Teaching goals : 1. Words & phrases: babysit ,get back , fishing , rent , think about , decide(on) , tourist etc. 2. How to talk about future plans . 3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來計(jì)劃或行動(dòng). 4. 特殊疑問句(where , when , how long引導(dǎo)) Important and difficult points : Drills :What are you doing for vacation ? I’m watching TV . When are you going ? I’m going … . How long are you staying ? We’re staying for five days . Teaching aids : cards and a tape ,a large wall calendar . Period 1 Teaching procedures : Step 1Leading in1. Free talk . 2. Put up the wall calendar . T: I’m staying home on Saturday (pointing to next Saturday ).Ss repeat . Ss: I’m staying home on Saturday . T: OK. Today we’ll learn how to talk about future plans. Step 2Pre-task SB Page 13 , 1a . 1. Look at the picture carefully and tell what you see in the picture . 2. Write the activities from the pictures in the box and add some more . 3. Practice reading . Step 3While-task1. Using the activities we write in 1a to make conversations .For example :What are you doing for vacation ? I’m visiting my uncle . 2. Pairwork .Practice in pairs . 3. 用第三人稱練習(xí)對話.

1 交通工具的比較此活動(dòng)為小組活動(dòng)。學(xué)生通過討論找出到達(dá)某一城市可乘坐的各種交通工具,并選擇最佳出行方式。Teacher:We’re going to Shanghai. How many ways can we use to get there? Yes, there are four ways: by bus, by plane, by train, by ship. Please discuss how you are going to get there.操作建議:(1)學(xué)生以小組為單位展開活動(dòng),談?wù)摫窘M所選擇的交通工具。(2)各組選代表向全班匯報(bào),闡述本組所選擇的交通工具的利和弊。完成任務(wù)所需要的語言結(jié)構(gòu):We can go there by ship. It’s more comfortable and cheaper than any other transportation.We can go there by bus. It’s cheaper but it takes longer time.2 哪個(gè)城市更合適?此活動(dòng)具有挑戰(zhàn)性。假設(shè)中國要舉行2014年世界杯足球賽,分別從歷史,人文,天氣等方面對各城市(北京,大連,上海,昆明)進(jìn)行比較,選擇最佳舉辦城市。T: Imagine China is holding the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Which city do you think is the best for the World Cup, Beijing, Dalian, Shanghai or Kunming? Let’s work in groups. If you choose Beijing, please join the Team Red. If you chose Dalian, please join the Team White. If you choose Shanghai, please join the Team Blue. If you choose Kunming, please join the Team Green. Please show us its advantages. Then let’s see which team will win.

教學(xué)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn):運(yùn)用所掌握的語言描述,比較不同地點(diǎn)的特點(diǎn)。在練習(xí)中學(xué)習(xí)掌握英語比較級和最高級的用法。課前準(zhǔn)備分配小組,每組五至六人。通過上網(wǎng)或翻閱報(bào)刊雜志等方法,確定旅游線路,做出基本的旅游計(jì)劃。教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì):本節(jié)課流程圖 學(xué)法指導(dǎo):1.由于這是一堂新課,在教學(xué)中應(yīng)注意面向全體,發(fā)揮學(xué)生的主體性,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生積極參與,激發(fā)學(xué)生的求知欲和學(xué)習(xí)積極性,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生積極思維,主動(dòng)獲取知識,養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)方法。逐步學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立解決問題??傊M可能調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的非智力因素促進(jìn)智力因素的發(fā)展。教法選擇:1.電化教學(xué)法2.課堂討論法3.任務(wù)型教學(xué)法采用這些方法的目的是為了充分調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性,使學(xué)生變被動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)為主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)。通過電腦形象的演示,加強(qiáng)印象,提高興趣,突破難點(diǎn),提高教學(xué)效率,進(jìn)而增大教學(xué)的容量和信息量。充分體現(xiàn)教師為主導(dǎo),學(xué)生為主體的教學(xué)原則。

Step 3 (3b)First, tell the students when we talk about our future plans, we often use: I’m+verb+ing When we talk about what we must do, we use have to. Ask the students to fill in the blanks in 3b. The answers are: shopping, go to see, a test, I’m going, my family. Step 4 (3c)Let the students write an e-mail message to a friend. Say why you can’t visit next. Before the exercise, ask the students to give some possible answers and write them on the blackboard. So the students will feel easy to finish the writing exercise. After they finish it, Let them to correct it in groups first. Each group chooses theirs best one to read in front of the whole class. Step 5 ( planning a party )First read the conversation in the box together. Then ask the students to turn to page 88.Write down everything you have to do next week. Write in all the things you have to do . Ask the students to look at the list. Ask them “What day are you free?” This is when you can have your party. Step 6 (Self check 1 )Let the students to fill in the blanks with the words given. Change the forms of the words if possible. Then make their own sentences. The answers are: visit, playing, have to, study, comeStep 7 (Self check 2)Imagine you are Marie. Read the information and look at your schedule. Write replies to the invitation.

一、 教學(xué)內(nèi)容Section A 1a----1c二、 教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.學(xué)習(xí)詞匯do the dishes, make the bed, take out the trash, fold the clothes, do the laundry, sweep the floor, clean the living room.2.句型 Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.三、 教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備 學(xué)生預(yù)習(xí)本單元所有的詞匯多媒體課件 活動(dòng)表 獎(jiǎng)品四、 教學(xué)過程Pre-task1. Warming upEnjoy ourselves. Watch cartoon Cinderella. 看動(dòng)畫片段《灰姑娘》導(dǎo)如入本課話題和新詞匯“chores”美麗善良的鬼姑娘因繼母的嫉妒,每天得做所有的家務(wù)。片段的主題使學(xué)生聯(lián)想到本課的話題。2. learn new words and phrasesLook! What is she / he dong? 看圖學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞詞組do chores, do the dishes, make the bed, take out the trash, fold the clothes, do the laundry, clean the living room.3. Guessing game.What is she doing ? 4. Pair work. 1a, Do you do these things at home? Write “Y” for “yes” and “N” for “no”.5. Listening . 1b , Peter’s chores or Mom’s chores?理解目標(biāo)語Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.Write “M” for Mom’s chores, “P” for Peter’s chores in the chart.6. PairworkLook at the picture,Ask your partner to do the chores that you see. 7. Interview Who is the most able at home? 1) What chores do you do at home? How often do you do the chores? Work in four, interview each of the students in the group, fill in the chart.

教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.知識目標(biāo):(1)學(xué)習(xí)What are you going to be when you grow up?/How are you going to do that?句式。(2)學(xué)會(huì)用英語描述有關(guān)職業(yè)的表達(dá)法。2.能力目標(biāo):(1)能夠談?wù)摓閷?shí)現(xiàn)理想所做出的打算和安排。(2)能夠談?wù)撐磥碜约号c他人理想的職業(yè)及原因。(3)能用英語描述課余時(shí)間的活動(dòng)安排,最終具備表達(dá)綜合信息的能力。3.情感目標(biāo):新學(xué)期到來之際,讓他們在學(xué)習(xí)、體育、飲食、特長、讀書等方面制定計(jì)劃,教育學(xué)生合理安排自己的課外生活,思考自己的理想職業(yè)及適合自己的職業(yè)。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)本單元的重點(diǎn)為“be going to”表將來,want to be, what,where, when,how引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句。難點(diǎn)是語言目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)。教材分析本單元以I am going to be a basketball player為話題,共設(shè)計(jì)了三部分的內(nèi)容:一、Section A該部分有4個(gè)模塊。第一模塊圍繞Do you think these jobs are interesting?這一話題展開思維(1a)、聽力(1b)、口語(1c)訓(xùn)練;

She shouldn’t go to the party tonight.Step7. TaskT: You know, there are lots of problems in our life. If you are a doctor, please tell us how to solve the problem. I will divide you into 9 groups. Please work in groups. And then choose one of you to report your ideas.The following are the problems:I have a toothache.I am hungry. I have a sore throat.I am stressed out. I have a sore back.I am tired. I can’t sleep.I have a cold. I have a headache.Report: If you have a headache, you should go to bed early. You should see the doctor. You should eat some medicine. You shouldn’t wash your face with cold water.You shouldn’t sleep late.You shouldn’t swim.…..T encourages the students to give advice as much as possible.Homework:1. Chose one of the problems, and write down your advice2. Copy the new words這一步是用于熱身的,同時(shí)也可以讓他們復(fù)習(xí)一部分的表示人體部位的單詞,擴(kuò)充知識.學(xué)習(xí)語言的過程也是一個(gè)不斷積累的過程,復(fù)習(xí)舊知識,增添新知識.通過小游戲,強(qiáng)化學(xué)生對Does she/he have…這個(gè)句子的運(yùn)用能力.通過復(fù)習(xí),自然的引到下面新知識的學(xué)習(xí)。充分利用表格,由句子到對話,再到文章,讓學(xué)生循序漸進(jìn). 提高學(xué)生的綜合語言運(yùn)用能力,運(yùn)用以前學(xué)過的知識來解決身邊的問題.Period 5 (Section B 3a—3c, selfcheck)教學(xué)內(nèi)容與分析:

在探究估算方法的時(shí)候,教師要注重適時(shí)的引導(dǎo),以免讓學(xué)生無從下手.在教學(xué)過程中一定要讓學(xué)生體會(huì)估算的實(shí)用價(jià)值,了解到“數(shù)學(xué)既來源與生活,又回歸到生活為生活服務(wù)”.(二)課堂評價(jià)的一些思考在教學(xué)中要多鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生用自己的語言表達(dá)他們的想法,在估算的過程中多給予適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)和評價(jià),讓學(xué)生逐步把握估算的方法,找到解決問題的信心.比如對“畫能掛上去嗎”這個(gè)問題情境,學(xué)生可能提出不同的看法,有些學(xué)生可能認(rèn)為可以掛上去,因?yàn)槿诉€有身高,完全可以彌補(bǔ)梯子穩(wěn)定擺放的高度和掛畫位置的高度之間的差距,有些學(xué)生可能認(rèn)為,人不可能爬到梯子的頂部,加上人如果本來比較矮,畫就不能掛上去等等想法,教師都應(yīng)該給予肯定,這樣才能激發(fā)學(xué)生思考問題的熱情,調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生探究問題的積極性.作為教師,一定要尊重學(xué)生的個(gè)體差異,滿足多樣化的學(xué)習(xí)需要,鼓勵(lì)探究方式、表達(dá)方式和解題方法的多樣化.

一、情境導(dǎo)入上一節(jié)課我們做過:由兩個(gè)邊長為1的小正方形,通過剪一剪,拼一拼,得到一個(gè)邊長為a的大正方形,那么有a2=2,a=________,2是有理數(shù),而a是無理數(shù).在前面我們學(xué)過若x2=a,則a叫做x的平方,反過來x叫做a的什么呢?二、合作探究探究點(diǎn)一:算術(shù)平方根的概念【類型一】 求一個(gè)數(shù)的算術(shù)平方根求下列各數(shù)的算術(shù)平方根:(1)64;(2)214;(3)0.36;(4)412-402.解析:根據(jù)算術(shù)平方根的定義求非負(fù)數(shù)的算術(shù)平方根,只要找到一個(gè)非負(fù)數(shù)的平方等于這個(gè)非負(fù)數(shù)即可.解:(1)∵82=64,∴64的算術(shù)平方根是8;(2)∵(32)2=94=214,∴214的算術(shù)平方根是32;(3)∵0.62=0.36,∴0.36的算術(shù)平方根是0.6;(4)∵412-402=81,又92=81,∴81=9,而32=9,∴412-402的算術(shù)平方根是3.方法總結(jié):(1)求一個(gè)數(shù)的算術(shù)平方根時(shí),首先要弄清是求哪個(gè)數(shù)的算術(shù)平方根,分清求81與81的算術(shù)平方根的不同意義,不要被表面現(xiàn)象迷惑.(2)求一個(gè)非負(fù)數(shù)的算術(shù)平方根常借助平方運(yùn)算,因此熟記常用平方數(shù)對求一個(gè)數(shù)的算術(shù)平方根十分有用.

2.法解二元一次方程組,是提升學(xué)生求解二元一次方程的基本技能課,在例題的設(shè)置上充分體現(xiàn)化歸思想.2.在學(xué)習(xí)二元一次方程組的解法中,關(guān)鍵是領(lǐng)會(huì)其本質(zhì)思想——消元,體會(huì)“化未知為已知”的化歸思想.因而在教學(xué)過程中教師通過對問題的創(chuàng)設(shè),鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生去觀察方程的特點(diǎn),在過手訓(xùn)練中提高學(xué)生的解答正確率和表達(dá)規(guī)范性,提升學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)數(shù)學(xué)的信心,激發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)的興趣.3.通過精心設(shè)計(jì)的問題,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生在已有知識的基礎(chǔ)上,自己比較、分析得出二元一次方程組的解法,在鞏固訓(xùn)練活動(dòng)中,加深學(xué)生對“化未知為已知”的化歸思想的理解.特別是如何由代入消元法到加減消元法,過渡自然。讓學(xué)生深刻的體會(huì)到二元一次方程是一元一次方程的拓展,二元一次方程組又要通過“消元”,轉(zhuǎn)化為一元一次方程求解,這樣的轉(zhuǎn)化,不僅有助于學(xué)生掌握知識、技能和方法,提高學(xué)習(xí)效率,而且還加深了對數(shù)學(xué)中通性和通法的認(rèn)識,體會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)和研究數(shù)學(xué)的規(guī)律,提升數(shù)學(xué)思維能力.

探究點(diǎn)三:函數(shù)的圖象洗衣機(jī)在洗滌衣服時(shí),每漿洗一遍都經(jīng)歷了注水、清洗、排水三個(gè)連續(xù)過程(工作前洗衣機(jī)內(nèi)無水).在這三個(gè)過程中,洗衣機(jī)內(nèi)的水量y(升)與漿洗一遍的時(shí)間x(分)之間函數(shù)關(guān)系的圖象大致為()解析:∵洗衣機(jī)工作前洗衣機(jī)內(nèi)無水,∴A,B兩選項(xiàng)不正確,淘汰;又∵洗衣機(jī)最后排完水,∴D選項(xiàng)不正確,淘汰,所以選項(xiàng)C正確,故選C.方法總結(jié):本題考查了對函數(shù)圖象的理解能力,看函數(shù)圖象要理解兩個(gè)變量的變化情況.三、板書設(shè)計(jì)函數(shù)定義:自變量、因變量、常量函數(shù)的關(guān)系式三種表示方法函數(shù)值函數(shù)的圖象在教學(xué)過程中,注意通過對以前學(xué)過的“變量之間的關(guān)系”的回顧與思考,力求提供生動(dòng)有趣的問題情境,激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,并通過層層深入的問題設(shè)計(jì),引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行觀察、操作、交流、歸納等數(shù)學(xué)活動(dòng).在活動(dòng)中歸納、概括出函數(shù)的概念,并通過師生交流、生生交流、辨析識別等加深學(xué)生對函數(shù)概念的理解.
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