
(一)教材的地位與作用本節(jié)教材主要從兩個方面闡述課程標準:第一是地球的內(nèi)部圈層,要求能夠說出地球內(nèi)部圈層主要包括地殼、地幔和地核;第二是地球的外部圈層,包括大氣圈、水圈和生物圈;還有介于內(nèi)部和外部圈層之間的一個圈層,包括地殼和上地幔頂部,即軟流層之上的固體巖石部分。本條標準有顯性和隱性兩方面的要求,顯性要求是從宏觀上了解地球結(jié)構(gòu)的特點,隱性要求是了解自然環(huán)境的組成。在宏觀了解地球圈層結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎上認識自然環(huán)境的組成,即在空間范圍上把自然環(huán)境放在地球圈層結(jié)構(gòu)中認識。但是對于各圈層不要求展開深入了解,而應抓其主要特點及與人類活動關系密切的內(nèi)容。(二)教學目標(1)知識與技能目標:1.了解地球圈層結(jié)構(gòu)及特點,知道地球內(nèi)部圈層的組成及其劃分依據(jù);2.嘗試根據(jù)地震波劃分地球內(nèi)部圈層,并能概括出各圈層的主要特點;3.運用圖表了解地球表層的含義。

二、說學情學生對自然界中的水循環(huán)已具有一定的生活體驗和知識基礎,主要問題是學生還未上升到理性的層面上進行分析,而且自然界的水循環(huán)屬于全球尺度和大尺度的地理現(xiàn)象,學生難以理解,需要教師創(chuàng)設適當?shù)那榫骋龑W生進行新知的建構(gòu)。三、說教法(1)創(chuàng)設情景:教學實踐證明,合理有趣的情境創(chuàng)設,可以引導學生快速進入角色,提高課堂效率(2)討論法:通過組織學生討論,給學生提供自主學習、合作學習、探究學習的機會。(3)多媒體演示法:利用多媒體播放一些直觀的圖片、動畫和數(shù)字資料,把學生輕松得引入本課,通過形象生動直觀地展現(xiàn)相關地理事物和現(xiàn)象,提高學生的感性認識,激發(fā)興奮點,幫助他們理解課本內(nèi)容。四、說學法(1)學會用圖:讓學生仔細觀察圖3.2和圖3.3理解水循環(huán)的相關性(2)學會探究:學生思考分析總結(jié)水循環(huán)的地理意義及黃河斷流的原因。

4.They were going to find someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking on the street outside.[歸納]1.過去將來時的基本構(gòu)成和用法過去將來時由“would+動詞原形”構(gòu)成,主要表示從過去某一時間來看將要發(fā)生的動作(尤其用于賓語從句中),還可以表示過去的動作習慣或傾向。Jeff knew he would be tired the next day.He promised that he would not open the letter until 2 o'clock.She said that she wouldn't do that again.2.表示過去將來時的其他表達法(1)was/were going to+動詞原形:該結(jié)構(gòu)有兩個主要用法,一是表示過去的打算,二是表示在過去看來有跡象表明將要發(fā)生某事。I thought it was going to rain.(2)was/were to+動詞原形:主要表示過去按計劃或安排要做的事情。She said she was to get married next month.(3)was/were about to+動詞原形:表示在過去看來即將要發(fā)生的動作,由于本身已含有“即將”的意味,所以不再與表示具體的將來時間狀語連用。I was about to go to bed when the phone rang.(4)was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞:表示在過去看來即將發(fā)生的動作,通??捎糜谠摻Y(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞是come,go,leave,arrive,begin,start,stop,close,open,die,join,borrow,buy等瞬間動詞。Jack said he was leaving tomorrow.

一、復習回顧,溫故知新1. 任意角三角函數(shù)的定義【答案】設角 它的終邊與單位圓交于點 。那么(1) (2) 2.誘導公式一 ,其中, 。終邊相同的角的同一三角函數(shù)值相等二、探索新知思考1:(1).終邊相同的角的同一三角函數(shù)值有什么關系?【答案】相等(2).角 -α與α的終邊 有何位置關系?【答案】終邊關于x軸對稱(3).角 與α的終邊 有何位置關系?【答案】終邊關于y軸對稱(4).角 與α的終邊 有何位置關系?【答案】終邊關于原點對稱思考2: 已知任意角α的終邊與單位圓相交于點P(x, y),請同學們思考回答點P關于原點、x軸、y軸對稱的三個點的坐標是什么?【答案】點P(x, y)關于原點對稱點P1(-x, -y)點P(x, y)關于x軸對稱點P2(x, -y) 點P(x, y)關于y軸對稱點P3(-x, y)

本節(jié)課是新版教材人教A版普通高中課程標準實驗教科書數(shù)學必修1第四章第4.3.2節(jié)《對數(shù)的運算》。其核心是弄清楚對數(shù)的定義,掌握對數(shù)的運算性質(zhì),理解它的關鍵就是通過實例使學生認識對數(shù)式與指數(shù)式的關系,分析得出對數(shù)的概念及對數(shù)式與指數(shù)式的 互化,通過實例推導對數(shù)的運算性質(zhì)。由于它還與后續(xù)很多內(nèi)容,比如對數(shù)函數(shù)及其性質(zhì),這也是高考必考內(nèi)容之一,所以在本學科有著很重要的地位。解決重點的關鍵是抓住對數(shù)的概念、并讓學生掌握對數(shù)式與指數(shù)式的互化;通過實例推導對數(shù)的運算性質(zhì),讓學生準確地運用對數(shù)運算性質(zhì)進行運算,學會運用換底公式。培養(yǎng)學生數(shù)學運算、數(shù)學抽象、邏輯推理和數(shù)學建模的核心素養(yǎng)。1、理解對數(shù)的概念,能進行指數(shù)式與對數(shù)式的互化;2、了解常用對數(shù)與自然對數(shù)的意義,理解對數(shù)恒等式并能運用于有關對數(shù)計算。

本節(jié)課選自《普通高中課程標準數(shù)學教科書-必修一》(人 教A版)第五章《三角函數(shù)》,本節(jié)課是第1課時,本節(jié)主要介紹推廣角的概念,引入正角、負角、零角的定義,象限角的概念以及終邊相同的角的表示法。樹立運動變化的觀點,并由此進一步理解推廣后的角的概念。教學方法可以選用討論法,通過實際問題,如時針與分針、體操等等都能形成角的流念,給學生以直觀的印象,形成正角、負角、零角的概念,明確規(guī)定角的概念,通過具體問題讓學生從不同角度理解終邊相同的角,從特殊到一般歸納出終邊相同的角的表示方法。A.了解任意角的概念;B.掌握正角、負角、零角及象限角的定義,理解任意角的概念;C.掌握終邊相同的角的表示方法;D.會判斷角所在的象限。 1.數(shù)學抽象:角的概念;2.邏輯推理:象限角的表示;3.數(shù)學運算:判斷角所在象限;4.直觀想象:從特殊到一般的數(shù)學思想方法;

一、說教材本節(jié)課選自于人教版語文必修二第二單元詩三首中的一首詩歌,它是陶淵明歸隱后的作品。寫的是田園之樂,實際表明的是作者不愿與世俗同流合污的心聲,甘愿守著自己的拙志回歸田園。學習該詩,有助于學生了解山水田園詩的特點,感受者作者不同流俗的高尚情操,同時可以培養(yǎng)學生初步的鑒賞古典詩歌的能力。

科學是人類認識世界的重要工具,閱讀科普說明文不僅可以啟迪心智,了解更多知識。而且更夠激發(fā)學生對科學的興趣。學習這些文章要注重學生科學精神的培養(yǎng),關注科學探索的過程,感受科學家在科學探索中表現(xiàn)的人格魅力。我們知道一些科學家就是因為閱讀了相關的科普文章才對某一學科產(chǎn)生興趣,從而走上成功之路的。我們在講解的時候可以跟學生列舉一些例子,讓學生認識到一篇好的科普文章的重大意義。

一、教學理念在新課改精神指導下,我在本課教學中力求貫徹以下教學理念:新課標的指引觀 、生本位的學生觀、探究式的學習觀、多角色的教師觀、 發(fā)展性的評價觀二、教材地位《馬克思主義的誕生》是人教版必修一第五單元第18課內(nèi)容,本課講述的是國際共產(chǎn)主義運動范疇的歷史,是人類社會進入一個新的發(fā)展時期。從總體上概述了社會主義從空想到科學,從理論到實踐的歷程。說明了科學社會主義理論是歷史發(fā)展的必然結(jié)果。本課在國際工運史上占有重要的地位。通過學習學生可對馬克思主義加深了解,理解人類歷史發(fā)展的必然趨勢以及人類一直不斷追求進步的精神,幫助學生樹立正確的人生觀、價值觀,達到以史鑒今,服務現(xiàn)實的目的。

本節(jié)課選自《普通高中課程標準實驗教科書數(shù)學必修1本(A版)》的第五章的4.5.3函數(shù)模型的應用。函數(shù)模型及其應用是中學重要內(nèi)容之一,又是數(shù)學與生活實踐相互銜接的樞紐,特別在應用意識日益加深的今天,函數(shù)模型的應用實質(zhì)是揭示了客觀世界中量的相互依存有互有制約的關系,因而函數(shù)模型的應用舉例有著不可替代的重要位置,又有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。本節(jié)課要求學生利用給定的函數(shù)模型或建立函數(shù)模型解決實際問題,并對給定的函數(shù)模型進行簡單的分析評價,發(fā)展學生數(shù)學建模、數(shù)學直觀、數(shù)學抽象、邏輯推理的核心素養(yǎng)。1. 能建立函數(shù)模型解決實際問題.2.了解擬合函數(shù)模型并解決實際問題.3.通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容的學習,使學生認識函數(shù)模型的作用,提高學生數(shù)學建模,數(shù)據(jù)分析的能力. a.數(shù)學抽象:由實際問題建立函數(shù)模型;b.邏輯推理:選擇合適的函數(shù)模型;c.數(shù)學運算:運用函數(shù)模型解決實際問題;

一、教材分析下面我來談一談對教材的認識:主要從教材的地位和作用、以及在此基礎上確立的教學目標、教學重難點這三個方面來談。首先,來談教材的地位和作用:本課教材內(nèi)容主要從三個方面向?qū)W生介紹了現(xiàn)代中國教育的發(fā)展狀況和趨勢:人民教育的奠基、動亂中的教育和教育的復興,全面講述了新中國教育的三個階段。本課是文化史中中國史部分的最后一課, 也是必修三冊書中唯一涉及教育的一課。而教育是思想文化史中的重要組成部分,江澤民同志在談到教育的時候曾經(jīng)說過,“百年大計,教育為本。教育為本,在于育人”。教育是關系國計民生的大事。學生通過學習新中國教育發(fā)展的史實,理解“科教興國”、“國運興衰,系于教育”的深刻含義。最終由此激發(fā)學生樹立“知識改變命運、讀書成就人生”的信念,樹立勤奮學習、成人成才、報效祖國、服務社會的崇高理想。故本課的教學有極大的現(xiàn)實意義。談完了教材的地位和作用,我再分析一下教學目標:

1. 表示時間。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示結(jié)果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示條件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示讓步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補充說明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非謂語動詞作狀語時, 如所提供的動詞不能和句子中的主語保持一致, 動詞-ing形式必須有自己的邏輯主語, 通常由名詞或代詞來擔任, 這就是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的邏輯主語是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的邏輯主語是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.

Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.

The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.

Step 4 PracticeRead the conversation. Find out which words have been left out.Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit...well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have. Why ?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King.Justin: Really? Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought.Justin:Sounds great, thanks.Answers:Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Do you have any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, that’s cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. What are some places to visit in Guizhou ? Well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the first place to visit in Guizhou Province.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West . Why do you ask if I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King from Journey to the West.Justin: That’s really true? It’s Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages on your trip to Guizhou Province. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought it was.Justin:This all sounds great, thanks.

The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.

1. In Picture 1 and Picture 2, where do you think they are from? How do you know?From their wearings, we can know they are from ethnic minority of China--- Miao and Dong.Picture 1, they are playing their traditional instrument lusheng in their traditional costumes.Picture 2. the girls are Miao because they wear their traditional costumes and silver accessory.2. In Picture 3, can you find which village it is? What time is it in the picture?It is Dong village. It is at night. Step 2 While-listeningJustin met a new friend while traveling in Guizhou. Listen to their conversation and complete the summaries below.Part 1Justin and Wu Yue watched some Miao people play the lusheng. The instrument has a history of over 3,000 years and it is even mentioned in the oldest collection of Chinese poetry. Then they watched the lusheng dance. Justin wanted to buy some hand-made silver/traditional accessories as souvenirs. He was told that the price will depend on the percentage of silver. Part 2They will go to a pretty Dong minority village called Zhaoxing. they will see the drum towers and the wind and rain bridges. They may also see a performance of the Grand Song of the Dong people.Step 3 Post-listening---TalkingWork in groups. Imagine Justin is telling some friends about his trip to Guizhou. One of you is Justin and the rest of you are his friends. Ask Justin questions about his trip and experience. The following expressions may help you.

Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.

The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?

Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
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