
討論:二氧化碳在大氣的受熱過程中起到了什么作用?(吸收太陽輻射中的紅外線輻射和地面輻射,保溫作用)大氣中的二氧化碳濃度增大對氣溫有什么影響?(全球氣候變暖)閱讀:我們知道了太陽輻射中的可見光和紅外 光能量的吸收和轉(zhuǎn)化,那么紫外區(qū)的能量到哪兒去了?請同學們查閱資料,自主探討。小結(jié):大氣的受熱過 程就是太陽曬熱了地面,地面烘熱了大氣。太陽輻射是大氣的根本熱源,地面輻射是大氣的直接熱源。這就是為什么海拔越高,氣溫越低的原因,難怪高處不勝寒!轉(zhuǎn)承:大氣的直接熱源是地面,不同性質(zhì)的地面溫度是不同的,同緯度,海洋和陸地就有溫差。提問:請學生說說白天和晚上在海邊的不同感受。由白天和晚上的風向不同切入實驗P32活動。討論:通過煙霧的飄動,我們得出了什么規(guī)律?冷熱不均引起了熱力環(huán)流板書: 二、熱力環(huán)流板圖與分析:結(jié)合試驗,學生分析熱力環(huán)流 的產(chǎn)生

晶晶和亮亮是兩滴巖漿,他們生活在地球內(nèi)部的:巖漿之家。一天,他們得到批準,與其他同伴一起到地球表面進行旅行。他們飛快地奔向地表,半路上,晶晶覺得累了,于是就與亮亮約好,在地表匯合。亮亮沒有停步,與其他伙伴一起跳出地表,并沿著山坡往低處流動。忽然,亮亮發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不能再動了,不禁問旁邊的同伴這是怎么一回事。同伴笑著說:“別擔心,只不過你已經(jīng)不再是巖漿罷了?!眴栴}1、為什么同伴說亮亮已經(jīng)不再是一滴巖漿了?2、你認為亮亮還可以繼續(xù)他的地表旅行嗎?請說明原因。(由學生討論回答。)過了好長的一段時間,亮亮發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的個頭變小了,并隨著風和流水往前運動了。亮亮邊走邊欣賞著地表美麗的風光。忽然,亮亮發(fā)現(xiàn)一個熟悉的身影,認真一看,原來是晶晶。亮亮驚訝地問:“你是怎么來到地表的?”3、請你簡要推測晶晶到達地表的過程。(由學生討論回答。)亮亮和晶晶又一起踏上旅程。

【導入新課】一位在青藏高原上跋涉的旅行者,途中休息時從路邊巖層中隨手拿起一塊小石 頭玩賞時受小石子的紋路的吸引,他不禁仔細觀瞧,吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)這竟是一個古代海洋生物化石!近年來,人們在臺灣海 峽海底某些地方發(fā)現(xiàn)有古代森林的遺跡。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)告訴我們什么? 【學生討論回答】略。 【教師總結(jié)概括】地殼和宇宙間一切物質(zhì)一樣,處在不停的運動變化之中。那么地表千姿百態(tài)的形態(tài)是如何營造的呢?這就是我們這節(jié)課要解決的課題【板書】第四章:地表形態(tài)的塑造 第一節(jié):營造地表形態(tài)的力量【提問】哪位同學能夠例舉營造地表形態(tài)的力量改變地表面貌的實例? (學生討論、回答問題。教師在副板書上一一記錄。) 【過渡】營造地表形態(tài)的力量具體劃分有很多種,但歸納起來看可以劃分為兩種,即內(nèi)力作用和外力作用,首先我們來看一下內(nèi)力作用.【板書】一、內(nèi)力作用 【指導讀書】請大家閱讀教材P74第一段和案例1,思考:

1.生產(chǎn)功能:合成有機物的能力2.平衡功能:使自然地理要素的性質(zhì)保持穩(wěn)定的能力【教師講解】生產(chǎn)功能主要依賴于光合作用。在光合作用過程中,植物提供葉綠素,大氣提供熱量和二氧化碳,土壤及水圈、巖石圈提供水分及無機鹽。光合作用通過物質(zhì)和能量的交換,將生物、大氣、水、土壤、巖石等地理要素統(tǒng)一在一起,在一定的條件下,生產(chǎn)出有機物。由此可見,生產(chǎn)功能是自然環(huán)境的整體功能而非單個地理要素的功能。大氣本身不具有減緩二氧化碳增加的功能,但是,在自然地理環(huán)境中,通過各地理要素的相互作用,卻能消除部分新增的二氧化碳的能力,既為自然地理環(huán)境的平衡功能。請大家閱讀教材P94活動,利用平衡功能的原理,解釋一定范圍內(nèi)各物種的數(shù)量基本恒定這一現(xiàn)象?!緦W生討論回答】略。(可參考教參)【轉(zhuǎn)折】自然地理環(huán)境各要素每時每刻都在演化,如我們熟知的氣候變化、地貌變化等。各個要素的發(fā)展演化是統(tǒng)一的,一個要素的演化伴隨著其他各個要素的演化。

(1)下面列出的是我國南北方傳統(tǒng)民居的差異,分析形成這些差異的自然原因:——北方民居正南正北的方位觀比南方強;——北方民居的墻體嚴實厚重,南方民居的墻體輕薄;——從北到南,民居的屋頂坡度逐漸增大,房檐逐漸加寬,房屋進深和高度逐漸加大。(2)下面列出的是我國南北方城市住宅摟的差異,分析導致這些差異的自然原因:——如果不考慮地價、建筑材料等因素,建同等面積的住房,北方的建筑成本比南方高 ;——建同樣高度的多幢樓房,北方樓房的南北間距比南方大。點撥:本活動要求學生了解由于地理環(huán)境的差異造成南北方建筑物特點的不同,并由此認識地理環(huán)境 差異對人們生活的影響。(1)比較而言,北方的冬季寒冷而漫長,南方的夏季濕熱而漫長。為了在冬季充分利用太陽光照和熱量,北方民居正南正北的方位觀比南方強。北方民居的墻體嚴實厚重,利用在冬季保溫御寒;南方民居的墻體輕薄,利于在夏季通風透氣。從北到南,年降水量逐漸增大,民居的屋頂坡度也逐漸增大(利于排水) ;隨著對保溫要求的降低和對通風納涼要求的提高,民居的屋檐逐漸加寬,房屋進深和高度逐漸加大。

活動建議:亞馬孫雨林的開發(fā)和保護,一直作為一個兩難問題困擾著決策者們。這三個議題的提出,為決策者們提供了思考的途徑,其實這也是國際社會的呼聲?;顒又?,可以讓同學們?nèi)我膺x一個感興趣的議題,進行評述、整理、發(fā)揮,然后進行交流,達成共識?;蛞园鍒蟮男问?進行。板書設計第二節(jié) 森林的開發(fā)和保護——以亞馬孫熱帶雨林為例四、亞馬孫開發(fā)計劃及其影響1.全球熱帶雨林被毀的原因⑴直接原因——人類的開發(fā)⑵亞馬孫地區(qū),破壞雨林的人類活動:⑶開發(fā)的背景:2.亞馬孫地區(qū)開發(fā)過程⑴從歷史因素看,對雨林影響不大。⑵20世紀五六十年代后,影響逐漸加大3.亞馬孫流域 大規(guī)模開發(fā)計劃⑴修建亞馬孫橫貫公路 ⑵移民亞馬孫平原⑶借助外資、鼓勵跨國企業(yè)投資開發(fā)五、雨林的前途——開發(fā)還是保護1.目前,全球的熱帶雨林正以驚人的速度不斷減少。2.亞馬孫這片全球最大的熱帶雨林,前景也同樣不容樂觀。3.開發(fā) 與保護?

1.根據(jù)下面的圖文資料,說明前蘇聯(lián)墾荒區(qū)土壤風蝕的潛在自然背景。并說明人們的生產(chǎn)活動怎樣加劇了這個過程。點撥:對圖2.16的分析,要知道”墾荒地區(qū)”處于亞歐大 陸的中部偏北的地方,雖處于西風帶但遠離水汽來源,故降水稀少。從其周邊的內(nèi)陸湖“里海”、“咸?!钡姆植继攸c,可以推斷,這是一個半荒漠向干草原的過渡地帶,是一個生態(tài)環(huán)境比較脆弱的地區(qū),其自然地理狀況必定是寒冷、干旱、大風。2.20世紀60年代中期以來,前蘇聯(lián)在總結(jié)大規(guī)模墾荒經(jīng)驗教訓的基礎上,采取了一系列綜合防護措施。仔細分析這些措施,你認為該地區(qū)防治荒漠化(土壤風蝕)的主要方向是什么?點撥:要善于將所列四項保護措施逐條進行分析,而后進行歸納,不難找出它們之間的共同的東西,那就是“抗旱、防風、保水、保土、保肥”。3.根據(jù)所學知識,你認為前蘇聯(lián)墾荒區(qū)防治荒漠化的對策與措施可以被我國的哪些地區(qū)所借鑒。

山西省總結(jié)出了許多重點工礦區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境建設模式,即圍繞煤田的露天開采區(qū)、居民點和主要交通線建設區(qū),通過工程及生物措施,結(jié)合土地的復墾,充分利用廠礦的人力、財力和科技優(yōu)勢,建立集約經(jīng)營的高效蔬菜、水果及肉蛋奶生產(chǎn)基地(圖3.13)。1.說一說圖中各種工程及生物措施的作用。點撥:參考圖3.13圖中各工程及措施的作用:(1)隔離護壩:主要作用是將采掘區(qū)與河流隔開,以免河水流入采掘區(qū)。(2)排水溝:主要作用是引開可能進入采掘區(qū)的雨水或其他水源。(3)公路緊靠采掘區(qū),方便運輸車輛就近從工地上公路。(4)“固沙草方格”,即在流沙表面用麥草、稻草扎成1×1米的草方格,使流沙不易被風 吹起,達到阻沙、固沙的目的,并在草方格上栽種沙蒿、花棒、籽蒿、擰條等沙生植物,建立起旱生植物帶,營造擋沙樹林。

從右圖“進出口貿(mào)易占全國的比重”可看出,珠三角地區(qū)的外向型經(jīng)濟特征很明顯,但正在緩慢的發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變;而長三角地區(qū)的外貿(mào)依存度在10年內(nèi)迅速增長。由此可見,珠三角地區(qū)城市化過程,是伴隨著該地特殊的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展相對自發(fā)地快速推進,缺乏宏觀而理性的規(guī)劃。閱讀通過此閱讀材料,使學生大致了解以下內(nèi)容深圳作為珠江三角洲地區(qū)迅速城市化的一個典型代表,到目前為止,對其未來發(fā)展道路的構想,主要集中在:如何聯(lián)合和依托臨近區(qū)域、聯(lián)合優(yōu)勢資源,擴大發(fā)展空間;如何明確功能,重新定位,合理分工,突出特色。活動長江三角洲地區(qū)城市的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展1.讀圖4.28,如果按人口規(guī)模>500萬人、100萬~500萬人、50萬~100萬人、20萬~50萬人和<20萬人將城市分為五級的話,分析長江三角洲地區(qū)城市的等級規(guī)模結(jié)構是否合理,這對其城市的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展有何影響?

1.根據(jù)下面的材料,歸納珠江三角洲發(fā)展基塘生產(chǎn)有利的地理條件。珠江三角洲地勢低平,河網(wǎng)密布,降水充沛。北回歸線從珠江三角洲的北部穿過。桑樹和甘蔗主要分布于熱帶和亞熱帶。廣州是古代海上絲綢之路的起始地之一。水產(chǎn)品在廣東人的食物結(jié)構中占有較大的比重。點撥珠江三角洲地區(qū)發(fā)展基塘農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)有利條件可以結(jié)合材料,歸納為三個方面:地形、氣候、市場(當?shù)睾秃M猓┚唧w分析略。2.圖4.16所示的基塘生產(chǎn)將哪些產(chǎn)業(yè)聯(lián)系起來?哪些副產(chǎn)品(或廢棄物)被充分利用起來?這種聯(lián)系對農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展有什么作用?點撥基塘生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)將種植業(yè)(桑、蔗等)、養(yǎng)殖業(yè)(養(yǎng)蠶、養(yǎng)魚)、工業(yè)(絲廠、糖廠)等幾種產(chǎn)業(yè)緊密的聯(lián)系在一起。在此環(huán)節(jié)中,塘泥、蠶沙(蠶屎)、蠶蛹、繅絲、濾泥、蔗葉等副產(chǎn)品被充分的回收利用。養(yǎng)蠶業(yè)、蔗糖加工業(yè)同塘魚養(yǎng)殖業(yè)緊密結(jié)合,作為一種綜合的經(jīng)營,幾者之間相互依存、相互促進、揚長補短,有機地循環(huán)聯(lián)系起來。

1.閱讀圖5.16,說明產(chǎn)業(yè)向國外轉(zhuǎn)移對日本經(jīng)濟的不利影響。點撥:圖5.16直觀的顯示了產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移對日本經(jīng)濟的不利影響:形成“產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移出去的多,轉(zhuǎn)移進來的少→國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)投資不足,生產(chǎn)困難→市場萎縮→產(chǎn)業(yè)向外轉(zhuǎn)移,外資不愿進入”的惡性循環(huán)。2.盡管重化工業(yè)的環(huán)境污染比較嚴重,但是卻能為工業(yè)化的發(fā)展提供堅實的基礎,因此成為發(fā)達工業(yè)的象征。日本、韓國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展都經(jīng)歷了由輕工業(yè)(勞動密集型)到重化工業(yè)(資源密集型和資金密集型)到高科技工業(yè)(技術密集型)的階段。(1)為什么日本、韓國在重點發(fā)展重化工業(yè)之前,要先發(fā)展勞動密集型工業(yè)?點撥:重化工業(yè)的發(fā)展一方面需要有一定的工業(yè)基礎和技術工人,另一方面需要投入大量的資金,先發(fā)展勞動密集型工業(yè)有利于利用勞動力資源豐富且廉價的優(yōu)勢,積累資金和造就產(chǎn)業(yè)工人。所以,勞動力豐富的發(fā)展中國家或地區(qū)的工業(yè)化往往從優(yōu)先發(fā)展勞動密集型工業(yè)開始。

2.通過西氣東輸輸送到上海的天然氣,價格只相當于進口天然氣的3/4、同等熱值煤氣的 2/3。你認為是否應該提高天然氣的價格,以促進西部的發(fā)展。點撥:可以從不同方面分析。⑷對環(huán)境的影響①有利于改善東部地區(qū)的大氣質(zhì)量據(jù)監(jiān)測顯示,在同等熱值的情況下,與煤炭相比,利用天然氣作燃料幾乎不產(chǎn)生二氧化硫、粉塵等污染物質(zhì),氮氧化物和二氧化碳的排放量也大為減少。長江三角洲地區(qū)的能源長期高度依賴煤炭,例如,上海市煤炭消費量占能源消費總量的70%。從西部地區(qū)輸送來的天然氣,可以部分替代煤炭。②為了最大限度減少對沿線地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境的影響,西氣東輸工程在建設過程中,嚴格環(huán)境保護的要求。③在沿線農(nóng)村地區(qū)推廣使用天然氣,可減少農(nóng)民對薪柴的需求,從而緩解因植被破壞而帶來的環(huán)境壓力。

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二、學情分析 在校領導的正確領導下,本學期我校生源比去年有了重大的變化.高一年級招收了400多名新生,學校帶來了新的希望.然而,我清醒地認識到任重而道遠的現(xiàn)實是,我校實驗班分數(shù)線僅為140分,普通班入學成績?nèi)跃痈浇髦袑W之末.要實現(xiàn)我校教學質(zhì)量的根本性進步,非一朝一夕之功.實驗班的教學當然是重中之重,而普通班又絕不能一棄了之.現(xiàn)在的學情與現(xiàn)實決定了并不是付出十分努力就一定有十分收獲.但教師的責任與職業(yè)道德時刻提醒我,沒有付出一定是沒有收獲的.作為新時代的教師,只有付出百倍的努力,苦干加巧干,才能對得起良心,對得起人民群眾的期望.

二、教學設想1、研究考試大綱,加強學習。2、狠抓專項復習,夯實基礎。3、落實培優(yōu)補差工作,分層教學。4、落實問題教學,提高教學效率。

Textbook: Senior English for China (Book 4), by Liu Daoyi Time Allotment: 1 period (40 minutes)Date: March 20, 2014Teaching aids: blackboard, Multi-media, Power Point, chalk I. Text Analysis (教材分析)This unit is about body language, and the text selected in the reading part demonstrates the difference and similarity of body language in many parts of the world. Through learning this passage, students are required to raise their awareness of using body language in different parts of the world. As body language is closely related to our daily life, it is easy to arouse students’ interest in learning this text. Reading skills and speaking training are designed around the text.II. Teaching Objectives (教學目標)By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:1. Language Skill Objective(語言技能目標): develop reading ability (skimming and scanning)as well as speaking ability.2. Cultural Knowledge Objective(文化知識目標): know about the cultural differences of using body language.3. Affective Objective(情感目標): increase students’ awareness of using body language correctly in different cultures. III.Teaching Focuses and Difficulties(教學重點和難點)1. Teaching Focuses(教學重點): the difference and similarity of body language in many parts of the world.2. Teaching Difficulties(教學難點): develop students’ reading abilities of skimming and scanning and ask the students to show their opinions with fluent English.

Step 7 Language points 1.Vocabulary (1) go through (2) set down (3) a series of (4) on purpose (5) in order to (6)at dusk (7)entirely (8)face to face 2.Important sentences (1)…I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. (2)There was a time when … (3)I stayed awake on purpose until … (4)It was the first time … that I’d seen the night … (5)It’s no pleasure looking through … Purpose: 1.Master the required vocabulary and sentence structures. 2.Use them freely. Step 8 Consolidation 1.Find out the topic sentences 2.Retell the text according to the topic sentences Purpose: I want to know if my students understand the text. Step 9 Discussion Imagine you have to go into hiding like Anne and her family, what would you miss most? Giveyour reasons. Purpose: Train Ss’ oral English ability. Step 10 Homework Write an article on Friends. Purpose: 1. Improve the Ss’ writing ability. 2 Train the Ss’ ability of self—teaching and looking up information by themselves. Part 5 Blackboard design(說板書設計)Unit 1 Friendship Reading Anne’s Best Friend 1.Main idea of each paragraph: Para. 1 Anne made her diary her best friend. Para .2 Anne wrote her feelings in her diary. Para .3 Anne missed nature. Para.4 Anne saw the night face to face Para.5 Anne wanted to experience nature outdoors. 2.Listening: Exx.1 P3 3.Discussion: Exx.3 P3 Purpose: 1.Make Ss familiar with the passage 2.Make the design inductive, instructive and artistic.

Then I would ask them to think of a funny English or Chinese and tell it to partners. While telling stories, they can use expressions and some acting to help make the story funny. 5 minutes would be given to do this.Those stories they told there will be the material for their writing. Soletting them tell it at first is helpful. And they can make a difference between telling a funny story and writing it down. Generally speaking, it is difficult forstudents to write well because they don’t know what to write and how to write. Asking them to tell their own stories at first can help them come up with what to write.After their telling, I would invite someone to share his/her story with all of us and I would write it down on the blackboard.This example story would be used as a sample to illustrate the format of funny story. Different from a story from teacher or textbook, a story from students can obviously become a interesting material to draw students’ attention.Then I would ask the whole class to put this story into several parts. It might be a little bit difficult for them. So I would ask them to find out whether all the sentences are necessary. After delete some sentences, there are 6 sentences left behind. Then they can easily put them into three parts. After interaction with students, I would teach them the right terms for each part and conclude the format of funny story.This step is the key and difficult point in my lesson. So I mainly usetask-based teaching method in this part and the task for students was divided into several stages. With the separated difficult level, students can find there are usually three parts in writing. They can also learn to write without the unnecessary parts in the process of analyzing. And then I wouldn’t rush to tell them the right terms to them directly. Instead, I would ask them to name them by their own. A confused mind is better for acquiring knowledge.While-writing:Then I would give students 7 minutes to write down this story, without other requirements.With all the preparations in pre-writing, students’ difficulties were cleared. So it would be much easier for them to write down the story within 7 minutes. There are no other requirements because students’ first writing is actually a drafting. It would be revise and edit several times later. Writing, as a skill

Teaching plan for Unit 1 book3Good morning, teachers. It’s my great pleasure to be here because I can share my lesson with you and I can learn a lot from it. I’ll begin my lesson from the following four parts, the teaching material, the teaching methods, the studying methods and the teaching procedure.Firstly, let me talk about the teaching material. The content of my lesson is the reading passage festivals and celebrations of Unit 1 Festivals around the world. This passage is about festivals and celebrations. By studying this passage, we’ll enable the students to know that festivals exit everywhere, and many of festivals in different countries celebrate similar ideas. As we all know, the reading passage is the center of each unit. If the Ss can learn it well, it will be helpful to make the Ss learn the rest of this unit.After studying the teaching material, I think the teaching aims are as the followings:1. Knowledge aims:(1) The Ss can master the usage of the important words andexpressions.(2)The Ss can use the __________________ (grammar) in the proper situation.Make students know about the festivals all over the world and the detail of the festivals, such as origin, content, and the date of the holiday festivals.2. Ability aims:(1) Students can talk about festivals and celebrations in English(2) To improve the student’s reading ability, especially their skimming and scanning ability.3. Emotion aims:Make the Ss know about the foreign festivals, and respect other countries’ custom.Next, let’s come to the important points and the difficult points.The important point is how to make the Ss understand the text better and the difficult point is how can they talk about it. secondly, Teaching Methods:1. task-based Language Teaching2. Computer assisted language teaching.3. question-and–answer methodThirdly, Studying Methods:
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