
2.表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作(該動(dòng)作在說(shuō)話的瞬間未必正在進(jìn)行)。Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.(說(shuō)話時(shí),并不一定正在進(jìn)行)3.表示一種經(jīng)常性的被動(dòng)行為,常和always,constantly 等表示頻度的副詞連用,這種用法常常帶有贊揚(yáng)或厭惡的感情色彩。He is always being praised by the leader.4.表示按計(jì)劃或安排主語(yǔ)將要承受謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作(僅限于少數(shù)及物動(dòng)詞)。A party is being held tonight.Step 4 Special cases1.像take care of, look after, talk about, think of等動(dòng)詞與介詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí), 其中的介詞不可省略。The ways to stop illegally hunting are being talked about. 2.可與部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用,表示對(duì)正在發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)。She may be being punished by her mother.3.有時(shí)可表示按計(jì)劃或安排將要進(jìn)行的一個(gè)被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。A celebration is being held this weekend for his success.4.某些表示“狀態(tài)、心理活動(dòng)、存在”等的動(dòng)詞,如have,want,need,love,一般不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),而常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。With the population increasing,more land is needed.5.“be+under/in+n.”可表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)意義。My computer is under repair.=My computer is being repaired.

The theme of this unit is human and nature, focusing on the theme of wildlife protection. Nature is a complex ecosystem, in which there are delicate balance between animals and plants. Because of the role of the food chain, the extinction of one species will produce influence, causing a series of chain reaction. Large scale extinction of species will have a serious and even irreversible impact on the ecosystem, resulting in immeasurable losses. Therefore, it is of great significance to protect wild species. To protect wild species is to protect human beings themselves. The motto of this unit is "when the buying stops, the killing can too,” which is a public service advertising slogan to protect wildlife. It tells people that every rhinoceros horn, every fur, every bowl of shark fin soup, every Ivory product, and every tiger bone product, etc. consumed by human beings, are innocent wild animals slaughtered behind them. The mission of wild aid is to ban illegal trade in endangered wildlife and mitigate climate change. It aims to educate the public to reduce the consumption demand for endangered wildlife products through public publicity and improve the awareness of environmental protection.1. Improve the awareness of wildlife protection by acquiring the knowledge of wildlife protection.2. Focus on environmental protection and protection of all lives.3. Analysis of the living environment of wild animals with appropriate thinking mode.4. Skillfully use the vocabulary and grammar knowledge of this unit to cultivate self-study ability according to the unit content5. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion and other ways1. Enable the Ss to talk about the current situation of wild animals.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.

This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “The Present Perfect Passive Voice.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the Present Perfect Passive Voice. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar。This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the Present Perfect Passive Voice2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the Present Perfect Passive Voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper the Present Perfect Passive Voice.觀察下列句子特點(diǎn),總結(jié)共同點(diǎn)。1.(教材P28)Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.2.(教材P28)But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient.3.(教材P28)Many people have been helped by the club.4.(教材P28)She no longer feels lonely, and her company has become quite successful.5.(教材P32)Today I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times—how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet?

From the pictures in the text and the title--- choose the best app, we can know that this part is about how to save money by using apps.Step 2 While-listening1. Laura and Xiao Bo are talking about apps. Listen to their conversation and find out what apps they want.Xiao Bo is looking for a(n) exercise app to help him get in shape.Laura would like an app for getting rich and another that will make her grades better.2. Listen again. Are the sentences true T or false F?1). Both of Xiao Bo's apps keep track of the steps he takes._____2). Xiao Bo's second app can help him make a fitness plan._____3). Laura needs an app that will help her get discounts.______4). Laura needs an app that will add money to her bank account._______F T F T3. Listen once more and tick the sentence you hear. Underline the words used to express predictions, guesses, and beliefs.Predictions, Guesses, and Beliefs________It might help me walk more.________My guess is that it wouldn't work.________I imagine this app would help me get fit faster________I suppose that would be good.________I guess you could save a little with this app.________I suppose there would be some problems, too.________I believe this app could help me get thinner.

Q5:What's Jan's next goal?Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries.Q6:What can we learn from her experiences?We learn that when we go through tough times, we can find help and support from other people online. We learn that we can feel less lonelyStep 5: While reading---rethinkingQ1: What is Jan’s attitude to the Internet ?Thankful/Grateful, because it has changed her and her life.Q2: What writing skills is used in the article ?Examples(Jan’s example, the 59-year-old man’s and the 61-year-old woman’s example)Q3: Can you get the main idea of the article ?The Internet has changed Jan’s life/Jan’s life has been changed by the Internet.Step 6 Post reading---Retell the storyMuch has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)telling(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)more(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) have been changed(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)stuck(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)her(she) company. She joined an online group (6)where she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)benefits(benefit). She was so inspired (8)that she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)for children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)greatly(great) improved by the Internet.

8. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 然而, 你越有禮貌, 你被攻擊的可能性就越小。 Step 8 Writing---the articleHow to stay safe in the online chat roomToday I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times--- how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences in the online chat room ? I’m not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two.First of all, there’s the golden rule of the Internet: keep out of what makes you uneasy. Don’t post comments or click on anything. Second, protect your privacy. Don’t give out too much private information like your address, phone numbers, the ID numbers, etc. Third, be polite. If you are polite to others on the Internet, you won’t be attacked in normal situation. Finally, don’t believe in others easily and never meet someone you met online alone. It is very dangerous.Have you had any bad experiences online, or do you have some good advice for staying safe? Post your comments below!Step 9 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer tell the reader what he/she know about the topic ?2. Are the tips and suggestions well organised ?3. Has the writer defined the new words ?4. Does the author include examples, comparison, or explanations ?5. Does the writer end by asking readers to leave comments and/or suggestions ?6. Can you find any grammar or spelling mistakes.Step 6 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.

This teaching period mainly deals with grammar: The past participle is used as attributive and objective complement.1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the past participle used as attributive and objective complement flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Instruct students to write essays using the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step1:溫故而知新。Analyze the underlined phrases and then sum up the common usages of the past participles.1.(教材P41)They had castles built(build) all around England, and made changes to the legal system.2.(教材P42)They use the same flag, known(know) as the Union Jack,...3.(教材P42)Judy and I had our car parked(park) in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged(charge).Common points: f the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step 2:過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的意義1.及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),在語(yǔ)態(tài)上表示被動(dòng);在時(shí)間上,常表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成,有時(shí)也不表示時(shí)間性。Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a satisfied smile at last.我們的老師看著我們做實(shí)驗(yàn),最后給了我們一個(gè)滿意的微笑。The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.會(huì)上提出的計(jì)劃將很快被執(zhí)行。2.不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),它不表示被動(dòng)意義,只強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成。Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard.

Step 5 While reading---Task 3Read the text again and answer the following questions.Q1: How many countries does the UK consist of ?4 Q2: What are the four countries of the United Kingdom?England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland Q3: Which two were the first to be joined together ?England and WalesQ4: What are the two chief advantages of studying the history of a country ?The first one is to help you understand more about the country and its traditions.The second one is to make visiting it more enjoyable.Q5: What’s the author’s attitude towards studying the history ?Supportive/positiveStep 6 Post reading---Retell the textThe United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by (1)_____ these different names mean. In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales (2) __________(join) to the Kingdom of England. In the 19 th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, the southern part of Ireland (3) ______ (break) away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today. However, most people just use the (4)_________(shorten) name: the UK. The four countries (5)__________ belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. There were four sets of invaders and the last group were the Normans. They had castles (6)_________(build) all around England and made changes (7)__________ the legal system. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more (8)_________(enjoy). The capital city London is (9)___ ancient port city that has a history (10)______(date) back to Roman times. 1. what 2.was joined 3.broke 4.shortened 5.that 6. built 7.to 8.enjoyable 9.an 10.dating Step 6 Homework

The Internet celebrity Gao Yifeng. Years ago, he owned 5 companies and the staffs over 1,000, but during the economy crisis, he became nothing but debt. He was so worried that his hair became white overnight. There was a time when he wanted to killed himself. But after listening to the song Start Over by Liu Huan, he decided to cheer himself up. He started a steamed bun shop and gradually became a national chain shops. Now he became successful again.Walter Haddon said, “Music is the medicine of a troubled mind.” Music contains such a pleasant and inspiring force. Music gave him courage and bravery. When he listened to the song, it made his spirit fly like a kite in the wind. Music gave him strength and brought him relief. It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times. I hope none of us have to go through the same kind of suffering that he did. At the same time, we all go through various periods when we feel sad or alone. During those times, music can help us in the same way that it helped him. I hope we all will somehow begin to treasure music and make it a part of our life. Thank you for your listening !5.Revise your writing each other.Does he/she explain how music has changed his/her/someone else’s life?Are some of the rhetorical devices included and used properly ?Does he/she talk about how music makes him/her/someone feel?Is the first word in each sentences capitalised?Does he/she use correct punctuation ?

從《詩(shī)經(jīng)》的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義到屈原的浪漫主義,是中國(guó)詩(shī)歌發(fā)展的一個(gè)里程碑。屈原的騷體詩(shī),依詩(shī)取興,引類(lèi)譬喻,繼承發(fā)展了《詩(shī)經(jīng)》的比興傳統(tǒng)?!对?shī)經(jīng)》的比興較為單純,而《楚辭》的比興具有象征的特質(zhì),往往成為一個(gè)形象的系統(tǒng)?!峨x騷》中香草美人的比興就是范例。楚地本是澤鄉(xiāng)山國(guó),其間頗有疊波曠宇、崇山秀嶺,這些江山的光怪之氣足以搖蕩心靈、催發(fā)麗辭偉句。但騷體詩(shī)已沖破《詩(shī)經(jīng)》四言詩(shī)的固定格式,句式加長(zhǎng)而靈活,篇章放大而嚴(yán)密,詩(shī)采絢麗而貼切,是《詩(shī)經(jīng)》之后的一次詩(shī)體大解放。有人說(shuō),中國(guó)歷代詩(shī)“莫不同祖風(fēng)騷”,足見(jiàn)其對(duì)后代詩(shī)歌的影響。先秦時(shí)代,《詩(shī)經(jīng)》與《楚辭》雙峰并峙,是中國(guó)詩(shī)史上現(xiàn)實(shí)主義與浪漫主義的兩座巍然屹立的坐標(biāo)。

二、文本解讀方法點(diǎn)撥研讀課文第三、第四段。要求:師范讀,生輕聲跟讀,然后生齊讀。方法:第三段秦統(tǒng)一天下前,應(yīng)用較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)勢(shì)讀出,充分渲染塑造一個(gè)“威加海內(nèi)”的帝王形象。統(tǒng)一天下之后,秦王朝至此已達(dá)頂峰,這意味著從此轉(zhuǎn)入守勢(shì)。這段文字義正詞嚴(yán),充分揭露了秦的暴虐無(wú)道,故誦讀應(yīng)有“聲討”之勢(shì)。末句“天下已定”總承以上內(nèi)容,其后應(yīng)有較長(zhǎng)停頓,然后轉(zhuǎn)入敘秦始皇的心態(tài),用以反襯下文滅亡之速,讀時(shí)須有嘲諷意,突出“自以為”“萬(wàn)世之業(yè)”等詞語(yǔ)。第四段起首“始皇既沒(méi),余威震于殊俗”兩句,暗示民心不服,人人自危,宜用從容、沉著的語(yǔ)調(diào)讀出?!叭魂惿娈Y牖繩樞之子……”急轉(zhuǎn)直下,稍作停頓,以下先抑(“陳涉”至“之富”)后揚(yáng)(“躡足”至段末)宜讀出對(duì)比情調(diào)。末句敘事結(jié)束全篇,要讀得沉著、有力。三、信息篩選學(xué)生自譯課文(一)學(xué)生參照文下注釋?zhuān)谧g第三、四段,遇有疑難則作好相應(yīng)標(biāo)記,為討論做好準(zhǔn)備。

2、黛玉進(jìn)入賈府到賈母處,她看到了什么?提示:從榮府西角門(mén)進(jìn)去,走“一射之地”,轉(zhuǎn)至垂花門(mén),過(guò)穿堂,繞插屏,再經(jīng)三間過(guò)廳,后面方是賈母居住的正房大院。“正面五間上房,皆雕梁畫(huà)棟,兩邊穿山游廊廂房,掛著各色鸚鵡、畫(huà)眉等鳥(niǎo)雀?!边@樣穿堂過(guò)廳一路行來(lái),仆役、婆子、丫環(huán)輪番更換,的確給人以侯門(mén)深似海的感覺(jué)。然而賈母居處還不是正內(nèi)室。3、黛玉去拜見(jiàn)二舅舅時(shí)又看到什么?提示:往東?!按┻^(guò)一個(gè)東西的穿堂,向南大廳之后,儀門(mén)內(nèi)大院落,上面五間大正房,兩邊廂房鹿頂耳房鉆山,四通八達(dá),軒昂壯麗”。堂屋中迎面“一個(gè)赤金九龍青地大匾,匾上寫(xiě)著斗大的三個(gè)大字,是‘榮禧堂’,后有一行小字:‘某年月日,書(shū)賜榮國(guó)公賈源’,又有‘萬(wàn)幾宸翰之寶’?!蔽輧?nèi)擺設(shè)有名貴的家具,珍貴的字畫(huà)、古玩?!坝钟幸桓睂?duì)聯(lián),乃烏木聯(lián)牌,鑲著鏨銀的字跡,道是:座上珠譏昭日月,堂前黼黻煥煙霞?!庇商梦葸M(jìn)入東耳房,這里是起居室,另有一番布置,再到東廊三間小正房王夫人的住室,又別有擺設(shè)。

【參考】“滄海月明珠有淚,藍(lán)田日暖玉生煙。”滄海中的珍珠只有在明月之夜,才能流下晶瑩的淚花;藍(lán)田下的美玉只有在日暖之時(shí),才能升騰飄逸的煙霞。物猶如此,人當(dāng)如是。“滄海月明”與“藍(lán)田日暖”優(yōu)美意境的創(chuàng)設(shè),不僅僅是詩(shī)人精妙絕倫藝術(shù)素養(yǎng)的表現(xiàn)和揮灑,更是詩(shī)人回答人生價(jià)值的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和尺度。詩(shī)人以物推人,拓展深化了詩(shī)作的主題,整篇的閃光點(diǎn)在此,魂亦在此?!緟⒖肌俊按饲榭纱勺窇?,只是當(dāng)時(shí)已惘然?!弊窇涍^(guò)去,盡管自己以一顆浸滿血淚的真誠(chéng)之心,付出巨大的努力,去追求美好的人生理想,可“五十弦”如玉的歲月、如珠的年華,值得珍惜之時(shí)卻等閑而過(guò);面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí):戀人生離、愛(ài)妻死別、盛年已逝、抱負(fù)難展、功業(yè)未建……,幡醒悟之日已風(fēng)光不再。如泣如訴的悲劇式結(jié)問(wèn),又讓詩(shī)人重新回到對(duì)“人生價(jià)值到底是什么?到底該怎樣實(shí)現(xiàn)?”深深的思考和迷惑之中,大大增強(qiáng)了詩(shī)作的震撼力。

⒈作者是如何寫(xiě)洪州的地理風(fēng)貌的?突出了什么特點(diǎn)?明確:“豫章故郡,洪都新府。”――歷史久遠(yuǎn)“星分翼軫,地接衡廬”――界域遼闊?!敖笕鴰搴?,控蠻荊而引甌越”――地勢(shì)宏偉2.作者怎樣寫(xiě)參加宴會(huì)的人物,照應(yīng)了前文的哪個(gè)詞語(yǔ)?明確:作者在寫(xiě)參加宴席人物時(shí),用了“雅望”“懿范”“勝友”“高朋”“騰蛟起鳳”“紫電清霜”等詞語(yǔ),極盡人物的文韜武略,照應(yīng)了前文的“俊采”一詞。3.文章開(kāi)始不寫(xiě)樓臺(tái),不寫(xiě)宴會(huì),而先寫(xiě)地勢(shì)與人物,這樣寫(xiě)有何好處?明確:文章借用鋪陳的手法,歷敘界域之大,地勢(shì)之雄,物產(chǎn)豐富,人才俊美,既渲染了和樂(lè)的氛圍、宴會(huì)的高雅,同時(shí)也緊扣照應(yīng)了題目《秋日登洪府滕王閣餞別序》7.小結(jié):本段略寫(xiě)洪州的地理風(fēng)貌,極寫(xiě)滕王閣的無(wú)限壯美,和周?chē)h(huán)境的超凡脫俗,以及閣中如云高朋的文才武略。這樣寫(xiě),既初步寫(xiě)出了滕王閣的不同凡響,又為后文詳寫(xiě)做好了鋪墊。

一、明確目標(biāo)1.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生熟讀課文,理清文章的論述線索,抓住作者的主要觀點(diǎn);2.通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí),了解有關(guān)數(shù)學(xué)文化的一些知識(shí);3.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生悉心體會(huì)作者對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)源頭的溯訪,感受其令人信服的推理能力和獨(dú)特的語(yǔ)言魅力;二、整體感知1.導(dǎo)入新課"屈指可數(shù)""彈指一揮見(jiàn)",手指在生活中的計(jì)數(shù)功能,直接催生了數(shù)學(xué)這門(mén)科學(xué),丹齊克的《指印》為我們揭開(kāi)了這二者的關(guān)系(板書(shū)課題)。2.作者及相關(guān)背景介紹丹齊克(1884-1956),原籍立陶宛,曾在巴黎大學(xué)求學(xué)。1910年去美國(guó),入美國(guó)國(guó)籍,先后在哥倫比亞大學(xué)、約翰·霍普金斯大學(xué)、馬里蘭大學(xué)講授數(shù)學(xué)。三、重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)的學(xué)習(xí)與目標(biāo)達(dá)成過(guò)程1.感知課文,明確本文的整體寫(xiě)作思路。(1)學(xué)生讀課文,整理文章的結(jié)構(gòu)脈絡(luò)。(2)小組交流討論。

節(jié)選部分結(jié)構(gòu):節(jié)選自第二幕,主要寫(xiě)周樸園與魯家母子的對(duì)話,分兩部分。第一部分:三十年后周樸園和侍萍再次相見(jiàn)。第一層:侍萍以敘述別人故事的口吻,揭露周樸園的罪惡,訴說(shuō)自己的遭遇。──寫(xiě)他們過(guò)去的矛盾第二層:通過(guò)周樸園態(tài)度的變化,暴露他的偽善面目,表現(xiàn)侍萍這個(gè)勞動(dòng)?jì)D女的階級(jí)本色。──寫(xiě)他們現(xiàn)在的矛盾第二部分:周樸園與魯大海父子、侍萍與周萍母子見(jiàn)面。通過(guò)周樸園和魯大海的激烈沖突,揭露周樸園壓榨工人的罪行,反映工人階級(jí)的反抗斗爭(zhēng)。分段依據(jù):第一部分從家庭生活方面來(lái)揭露周樸園;第二部分從社會(huì)生活方面來(lái)揭露周樸園。為了使周魯兩家三十年的新仇舊恨集中在一幕戲中得到反映,作者靈活地運(yùn)用了“回顧”的方法,把歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí),過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在緊緊聯(lián)系起來(lái)了,用以刻畫(huà)人物性格,推動(dòng)劇情發(fā)展。

讀《環(huán)境污染組圖》思考:造成交通擁擠的原因是什么?有什么危害?(原因:汽車(chē)的增加、汽車(chē)數(shù)量與道路狀況的比值越來(lái)越大造成的。危害:交通阻塞,導(dǎo)致時(shí)間和能源的嚴(yán)重浪費(fèi),影響城市環(huán)境質(zhì)量。)3.增加就業(yè)困難,失業(yè)人數(shù)增多思考:產(chǎn)生這個(gè)問(wèn)題的原因是什么?(隨著城市化發(fā)展,城市科學(xué)技術(shù)提高,機(jī)器化大生產(chǎn)使勞動(dòng)者數(shù)量要求降低,城市人口本來(lái)就未充分就業(yè),再加上鄉(xiāng)村人口大量涌入,導(dǎo)致失業(yè)人數(shù)增多。)二、解決辦法:(以上海市為例,講解解決的辦法。)1.改善城市環(huán)境:治理河流、控制大氣污染物、大力加強(qiáng)綠化建設(shè)為改善城市環(huán)境,上海市全面展開(kāi)對(duì)大氣、河流、噪聲等多方面的治理工作。如蘇州河的治理、降低城市污染物濃度、加強(qiáng)綠化建設(shè),截止1990年,市區(qū)綠化覆蓋率達(dá)到20.3%。

(三)作家介紹,寫(xiě)作背景大家說(shuō)“雨巷”這首詩(shī)寫(xiě)得美不美?(美)剛才我也說(shuō)了,這首詩(shī)是中國(guó)朦朧詩(shī)的百年經(jīng)典。那么對(duì)于這么出名的詩(shī),有誰(shuí)能夠向我們介紹一下它的作者跟寫(xiě)作背景呢?(明確:戴望舒,原名戴朝實(shí)又名戴夢(mèng)鷗,1905年出生于杭州。1929年4月出版第一本詩(shī)集《我底記憶》,他的成名作《雨巷》即收入此集中。1933年8月出版了《望舒草》1948年出版了《災(zāi)難歲月》一生留下了詩(shī)篇92首?!队晗铩肥谴魍娴某擅骱颓捌诘拇碜?他曾因此而贏得了“雨巷詩(shī)人”的雅號(hào)。這首詩(shī)寫(xiě)于1927年夏天。當(dāng)時(shí)全國(guó)處于白色恐怖之匯總,戴望舒因曾參加進(jìn)步活動(dòng)而不得不避居于松江的友人家中,在孤寂中咀嚼著大革命失敗后的幻滅與痛苦,心匯總充滿了迷惘的情緒和朦朧的希望。)(適當(dāng)板書(shū))

(幻燈六)巴金作品《家》描寫(xiě)的是“五四”之后,成都地區(qū)一個(gè)封建大家庭走向崩潰的故事。故事集中在1920年冬到1921年秋的八九個(gè)月時(shí)間里。成都的一個(gè)官僚地主家庭高公館,一家之主的高老太爺,封建專(zhuān)制,頑固不化。長(zhǎng)房長(zhǎng)孫覺(jué)新,為人厚道,卻很軟弱,原與梅表姐相愛(ài),后屈從于老太爺之命而與李瑞玨結(jié)婚。后來(lái)梅和瑞玨雙雙慘死。覺(jué)新的胞弟覺(jué)民、覺(jué)慧積極參加愛(ài)國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng),從而和馮公館的馮樂(lè)山成了死對(duì)頭。覺(jué)民愛(ài)上琴,馮樂(lè)山卻要他娶自己的侄孫女,在覺(jué)民覺(jué)慧的反抗下,他們終于取得勝利。覺(jué)慧愛(ài)上聰明伶俐的婢女鳴鳳,但馮樂(lè)山卻指名要娶鳴鳳為妾,鳴鳳堅(jiān)決不從,投湖自盡…至此,覺(jué)新有所覺(jué)醒,而覺(jué)慧則毅然脫離家庭,投身革命。(故事主要以高家三兄弟的愛(ài)情遭際為線索。)

教師在教學(xué)古詩(shī)時(shí),只有指導(dǎo)學(xué)生反復(fù)朗讀,才能讓學(xué)生直接體會(huì)到古詩(shī)所具有的音樂(lè)美,增強(qiáng)學(xué)生對(duì)古詩(shī)的美學(xué)感染力,進(jìn)一步激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)古詩(shī)詞的熱情。除此,在《荷塘月色》、《春》等優(yōu)美的寫(xiě)景抒情散文中,朱自清運(yùn)用了不少的疊詞,朗讀它們,猶如一個(gè)個(gè)跳動(dòng)的音符貫穿于文章中,有效地增強(qiáng)了文章的節(jié)奏感。通過(guò)朗讀,學(xué)生能夠更好地領(lǐng)悟到朱自清散文所具有的音樂(lè)美。4、朗讀能夠增強(qiáng)學(xué)生對(duì)文章含蓄美和形象美的感染能力:含蓄,是指用少量的、具體的、可感觸的藝術(shù)形象,來(lái)表現(xiàn)豐富的生活內(nèi)容和思想感情,把詩(shī)意藏在富于概括性和內(nèi)涵豐富的形象中,以瞬間表現(xiàn)永恒,以有限傳達(dá)無(wú)限,以少勝多,給人以推理和想象的廣闊大地?!白x書(shū)百遍,其義自見(jiàn)”,“熟讀唐詩(shī)三百首,不會(huì)作詩(shī)也會(huì)吟”,“觀書(shū)須熟讀,使其言皆者出于吾云之口;繼以精思,使其意皆出于吾之心?!边@些話語(yǔ)道出了反復(fù)朗讀對(duì)于理解文章含義所起的重要作用。教師在課堂教學(xué)過(guò)程中,特別是地教學(xué)詩(shī)歌時(shí),只有指導(dǎo)學(xué)生反復(fù)地朗讀,才能讓學(xué)生將文章中雋永的意境,深厚的蘊(yùn)涵更好地品味出來(lái),從而更好地欣賞到文章的含蓄美。
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