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山東省青島市2018年中考歷史真題試題（含解析）
材料一吳起在楚，商鞅在秦，亦嚴行以軍功代貴族之新法……以前是貴族任戰(zhàn)士，現(xiàn)在是戰(zhàn)士為貴族。農(nóng)民軍隊之配練與井田制之廢棄，為新軍國圖謀富強之兩要端，而即以促進宗法封建貴族之崩潰。﹣﹣錢穆《國史大綱》材料二 孝文明知鮮卑游牧故習，萬不足統(tǒng)治中華，又兼自身深受漢化熏染，實對漢文化衷心欣慕，乃努力要將一個塞北游牧的民族，一氣呵熟，使其整體的漢化。﹣﹣錢穆《國史大綱》
山東省東營市2018年中考歷史真題試題（含解析）
【收藏在博物館里的文物】材料一 故宮博物院與鳳凰衛(wèi)視聯(lián)合宣布，《清明上河圖》高科技藝術(shù)互動展演即將完成，這件國寶級作品將從紙上立體起來，于2018年春夏與觀眾見面。﹣﹣中國青年報 （ 2018年03月06日 08 版）（1）觀察這幅名畫，你能感受到我國古代哪個朝代怎樣的社會信息？
四川省成都市2017年中考歷史真題試題（含解析）
材料二 1856年，亞歷山大二世向莫斯科貴族發(fā)表演說，他說：“到處在謠傳，我要給農(nóng)民自由，這是不公正的，但是，遺憾的是，農(nóng)民和他們的地主之間存在著敵對情緒，并因此發(fā)生了許多不服地主管束的事情。因而，從上面解決要比從下面解決好得多?！薄獡?jù)孫成木《俄國通史簡編》（2）根據(jù)材料二并結(jié)合所學知識，指出亞歷山大二世怎樣“從上面解決”“農(nóng)民和地主間敵對情緒”的。（2分）
湖南省衡陽市2017年中考歷史真題試題（含解析）
【北魏改革】材料一 孝文帝日：“今欲斷北語，一從正音。其年三十以上，習性已久，容或不可卒革。三十以下，見在朝廷之人，語音不聽仍舊，若有故為，當加降黜，各宜深戒。”——引自《資治通鑒》（1）北魏是我國古代北方少數(shù)民族鮮卑族建立的北朝政權(quán)，它在孝文帝改革時對鮮卑等少數(shù)民族實行漢化政策。材料一體現(xiàn)了漢化政策的哪一方面？漢化政策產(chǎn)生了怎樣的影響？（4分）【唐皇長策】材料二 自古皆貴中華，賤夷狄，朕獨愛之如一，故其種落皆依朕如父母?！铺冢?）材料二體現(xiàn)了唐朝政府對于民族關(guān)系怎樣的態(tài)度或政策？試舉唐與吐蕃交往的一例予以說明。（4分）
湖北省孝感市2017年中考歷史真題試題（含解析）
材料一 衛(wèi)鞅曰，“治世不一道，便國不法古?！毙⒐?，“善?！币孕l(wèi)鞅為左庶長，卒定變法之令。……內(nèi)容包括：1、承認土地私有、準許自由買賣。2、獎勵耕織、按軍功大小封爵、授田、踢宅。3、推行縣制，全國設(shè)31縣，由國君直接派官吏治理?！吣昙墯v史救學參考岳麓版（1）材料一反映的是我國古代哪一次變法？（1分）從推動社會發(fā)展進步的角度考慮，其變法內(nèi)容中那一條最重要？（答案填數(shù)字序號即可，不必照抄內(nèi)容）（1分）材料二 1898年6月，光緒帝頒布《定國是詔》和一系列詔令，實施變法。變法涉及政治、經(jīng)濟、文化、軍事等各方面，但“改科舉、廢八股”的詔令引發(fā)各地士人“民情洶洶，群起反對”，而軍事上的措施既少又空洞無法實施?！魇《綋岽蠖喑钟^望態(tài)度，這些詔令始終停留在紙面上。梁啟超在《變法通議》中記載“西后待皇上疾聲厲色，呵斥之聲不絕?；噬弦娢骱笕鐚Κ{虎，戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢?！T臣之敢履次抗拂上（皇上）意者，皆以恃西后為護符，欺皇上之無權(quán)也?！希ɑ噬?、所倚者，唯軍機四章京而已?！薄四昙墯v史教學參考岳麓版（2）材料二反映的是我國近代史上的哪次變法？（l分）變法中遇到的阻力和困難有哪些？（不得照抄原文）（2分）
湖南省張家界市2019年中考語文真題試題（含解析）
讀書不能死章句，需要思考一個“活”字。李白在《嘲魯儒》中說：“魯叟談五經(jīng)，白發(fā)死章句。問以經(jīng)濟策，茫如墜煙霧?！痹娙藢δ切┛淇淦湔劧鴽]有真才實學的“魯叟”進行了辛辣的嘲諷。這些人談起五經(jīng)頭頭是道，問起經(jīng)世濟民之策卻茫然無知。他們拿腔拿調(diào)，架子十足，卻死于章句，不知時變。陸游《冬夜讀書示子聿》中的觀點，則更加值得那些“魯叟”們深思。他說“紙上得來終覺淺，絕知此事要躬行”，言詞樸素，滿含哲理，詩中提出的理論與實踐相結(jié)合的觀點，至今猶有現(xiàn)實意義。只有在實踐中才能得真知、悟真諦，真正學有所獲，學有所用。
2022年海南省中考英語真題（原卷版）
YangHongwei, 56, was born into a kite-making family in Weifang. When she was young,she often saw kites with bright colors and different shapes in hergrandfather’s workshop.
2022年河南省中考英語真題（原卷版）
In the large yard stood thirteen trees ofdifferent sizes. One day, while Joey was playing with his sister under thetrees, he noticed that a tree trunk (樹干) had a sad look. He raninto the house to tell his mom about it. She told Joey to find the reason whyit was sad.
2022年安徽省中考英語真題（原卷版）
During 1907-1909, British explorer EarnestShackleton explored Antarctica on foot. In 1911, two explorers—a British mannamed Scott and a Norwegian named Amundsen—raced 1, 400 kilometres to the SouthPole (南極).Amundsen arrived first.
2022年吉林省中考英語真題（原卷版）
Taiping nijiaojiao is made of the mudfrom the local mountain. It takes more than ten steps to make the clay toy, andthe key step is to knead (捏) it with your hands. You can knead the clay toyinto anything, like animals and plants. The blowhole is the most difficult partto make, for the size of the blowhole makes a difference to the sound. Whilecoloring, you can use traditional cultural elements (元素) thatcarry good meanings. It’s hard to make taipingnijiaojiao. But when you finally make it, you will feel proud of yourself.
2022年福建省中考英語真題（原卷版）
Thinking that her dream could never come true,Kelly was in low spirits and ____18____ her studies at school. Hermother did all she could to cheer her up, ____19____ Kelly refused tochange. She even took out all her anger and ____20____ on her mother.
2022年河北省中考英語真題（原卷版）
As a boy, Kevin visited national parks and helearned the Earth is in ___12___ condition. He felt worried, and hewanted to ___13___ the Earth. In 2009, he went to swim in water nearNorth Pole（北極）todraw people’s attention to the melting glaciers（融化的冰川）.
2022年北京市中考英語真題（原卷版）
When itcomes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. Alife filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, whatmakes a meaningful life?Manyresearchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): havinglong-term goals, believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s lifefits together and “makes sense”.But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimeslife enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open toappreciating (欣賞) suchexperiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We callthis experiential appreciation (EA).
2022年山東省濱州市中考英語真題（原卷版）
As thegovernment encourages the renaissance (復(fù)興) of traditional culture,Hanfu is getting more and more popular with the teenagers. Every year, we canenjoy different Hanfu shows around the cities. And now quite a few Hanfu clubshave been set up in universities. Members usually wear Hanfu at theirgraduation ceremonies or during holidays. Some even wear Hanfu on regular days,too. And these fans created a special day—China Haniu Day to celebratetraditional Chinese clothing. It falls on the third day of the third month inChinese lunar calendar (陰歷).
2022年江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市中考英語真題（原卷版）
The fantasticman-made “forest” is a Singapore landmark. It is made from steel and concrete(水泥) covered in localflowers and plants. At night, 18 solar-powered tree-like towers which get theirenergy from the sun often light up the city.
2022年江蘇省宿遷市中考英語真題 （原卷版）
Theoil paper umbrella is a traditional Chinese handicraft（手工藝品）.It has a history of over 1,000 years in China．In early TangDynasty, it was introduced to Japan and Korea, so it was called the “TangUmbrella”. Later oil paper umbrellas were spread to other Asian countries, suchas Vietnam, Thailand and Laos, and each had its own style. However, assteel-ribbed（鋼骨的）umbrellas appeared in the last century, thehand-made oil paper umbrellas became less used in daily life. They were turnedinto decorative artifacts（裝飾性工藝品）.
2022年江蘇省連云港市中考英語真題（原卷版）
There was an old oak tree in the garden. Holly’sfather wanted to cut it down and build a new office there. Holly felt sad anddidn’t agree. She moved into the old tree house which was her favourite place in the world.One day, it rained all night.
2022年江蘇省泰州市中考英語真題（原卷版）
Shuttlecock exercise doesnot require equipment(裝備) and is perfect for people to perform at home.Liu Genghong helps you to keep going until the last minute, and you can burnyour fat fast.
2022年江蘇省揚州市中考英語真題（原卷版）
Every month, Julia and her cousins would go forthe big family meal at their grandparents’ house. On each visit, their grandpawould give them a few coins. Then all the children would run off to buy sweets.One day, he gathered the children together.
2022年江蘇省徐州市中考英語真題（原卷版）
Dudiscovered his interest in folding paper in his childhood. After Du went tocollege in 2017, he had enough time to take the hobby seriously. He learnedfolding from online teachers and experts. Later he copied patterns from books.He spent almost three years improving his basic skills by making copies ofother artists’ designs. Then he made his own creations.
