
秦王謂唐雎曰:“寡人以五百里之地易安陵,安陵君不聽(tīng)寡人,何也?且秦滅韓亡魏,而君以五十里之地存者,以君為長(zhǎng)者,故不錯(cuò)意也。今吾以十倍之地,請(qǐng)廣于君,而君逆寡人者,輕寡人與?”唐雎對(duì)曰:“否,非若是也。安陵君受地于先王而守之,雖千里不敢易也,豈直五百里哉?”

材料一:魏晉以來(lái),官員大多從各地高門(mén)權(quán)貴的子弟中選拔.權(quán)貴子弟無(wú)論優(yōu)劣,都可以做官.隋煬帝時(shí)正式設(shè)置進(jìn)士科,考核參選者對(duì)時(shí)事的看法,按考試成績(jī)選拔人才.從此,門(mén)第不高的讀書(shū)人,可以憑才學(xué)做官.唐朝時(shí)科舉考試科目以進(jìn)士、明經(jīng)最重要,武則天時(shí)又推行了殿試和武舉,唐玄宗時(shí)詩(shī)賦成為進(jìn)士科主要開(kāi)始內(nèi)容.宋朝時(shí)考試內(nèi)容重經(jīng)義,大幅擴(kuò)大進(jìn)士錄取名額.明清時(shí)科舉考試只許在四書(shū)五經(jīng)范圍內(nèi)命題,答卷的文體必須分為八個(gè)部分,被稱為“八股文.”﹣﹣摘編自七年級(jí)《中國(guó)歷史》下冊(cè)等

(1)圖一中學(xué)校的創(chuàng)辦者是誰(shuí)?是在誰(shuí)的幫助下成立的?它的創(chuàng)辦為哪一軍隊(duì)的建立和哪一重大軍事行動(dòng)奠定了基礎(chǔ)?(2)圖二反映的是哪次戰(zhàn)役?參戰(zhàn)部隊(duì)的前身叫什么?這種名稱的變化是哪次合作的產(chǎn)物?與此相關(guān)的這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的結(jié)果如何?(3)圖三是哪支部隊(duì)參與的戰(zhàn)役?這場(chǎng)大戰(zhàn)的歐洲戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利結(jié)束的標(biāo)志是什么?(4)根據(jù)以上問(wèn)題和所學(xué)知識(shí),談?wù)勅鐖D三幅圖中合作的基礎(chǔ)是什么。

Remember that it’s better to fail than it’s togive up, and the key is to learn from your failure(失敗). But along withdifficulties, there will also be ____18____ wonderful waiting for you.

Excitedly, he went to draw water(抽水), ___15___ he couldn’t pump water no matter how hard hetried. He sat on the ground ___16___.Just at that time, he saw a small bottle with a cork(瓶塞).

There wasa stone lying in the mountains for a long time. He had a dream—one day he couldfly up into the sky ___11___ a bird. When he told his dream to his friends,they all laughed at him.

All thefamily—my grandparents, my parents, my aunt and uncle, my cousin, my sister andI— ___22___ the turkey. However, turkey is not the easiestthing to ___23___. It takes a lot of time to prepare and a lot ofwork to cook…and there are a lot of chances for things to go wrong.

Electric cars may seem like a recent invention,but they have been around for years. In the early 1900s, there were ___16___ electric cars on the road than gasoline(汽油)cars,because at that time, gasoline was expensive compared with other fuels(燃料)

Mr. Zhang was a cook in Canada. He ___11___ in Guangzhou, and he learned to cook in HongKong. He moved to Canada for work when he was 26 years old. Everything was goodtill COVID-19(新冠病毒)brokeout. Last year, he returned to China because the economy(經(jīng)濟(jì))inCanada began ___12___down.

When youand your friends turn to each other to talk about problems or troubles, yougive each other advice and help. One important thing of our growth is to makedecisions to help our friends and learn to support each other. This requires usto learn what it means to help friends and how to help them in right ways.

Everyone knows how similar chimpanzees (黑猩猩)are to humans. So it’s no surprise that their greetings are also close to ours.The most common ways of greeting between chimpanzees are hand touching andhugging. Sometimes they also kiss each other. Some chimpanzees can even learnsimple sign language.

All the family—my grandparents, my parents, myaunt and uncle, my cousin, my sister and I— ___27___ the turkey. However, turkey is not the easiestthing to ___28___.It takes a lot of time to prepare and a lot of work to cook…and there are a lotof chances for things to go wrong.

I’m glad to receive your letter and know yourunforgettable(難忘的)experience.Now I’d like to share mine. Last Friday, I was cleaning my room and found anold photo in a drawer. While I was looking at it, the ___16___ memory of that day came back to me.

Paper cutting or tearing is a cultural traditionin China. For centuries, it has been passed down from one generation(一代人) tothe next, especially from mothers to daughters. This beautiful art created byskillful artists is used to decorate(裝飾) doors, ceilings, and bedsin people’s homes, or at celebrations such as birthdays and weddings.

Raden Roro Hendarti, nearly 50 years old, is alibrarian in Muntang village. She started a “trash library”, hoping to makechildren read more as well as make them realize the importance of environmentprotection. Each weekday, Raden puts all kinds of books on the back of herthree-wheeler (三輪車(chē))and rides to Muntang village. There, children line up to exchange plastic cups,bags and other trash for books from Raden’s mobile library. After finishing theexchange, Raden carries back all the trash.

Ibelieved that I was right and he was wrong, and Tony believed that I was wrongand he was right. Our teacher, a kind and smart lady, decided to teach us alesson. She brought us to the front of the class and placed him on one side ofher desk and me on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large and roundobject. I could clearly see that it was black. The teacher asked us what colorthe object was. “White,” Tony answered. I couldn’t believe he said the objectwas white! “Clearly, it was black!” Another argument started between Tony andme, this time about the color of the object.

Ibelieved that I was right and he was wrong, and Tony believed that I was wrongand he was right. Our teacher, a kind and smart lady, decided to teach us alesson. She brought us to the front of the class and placed him on one side ofher desk and me on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large and roundobject. I could clearly see that it was black. The teacher asked us what colorthe object was. “White,” Tony answered. I couldn’t believe he said the objectwas white! “Clearly, it was black!” Another argument started between Tony andme, this time about the color of the object.

古詩(shī)是一幅幅草木明凈的“無(wú)聲畫(huà)”。蘆葦搖曳,先民低唱“①______,白露為霜”(《<詩(shī)經(jīng)>二首》);登樓遠(yuǎn)眺,崔顥吟誦“②______,芳草萋萋鸚鵡洲”(《黃鶴樓》);持節(jié)塞上,王維長(zhǎng)嘆“ ③_____,歸雁入胡天”(《使至塞上》);羈旅天涯,馬致遠(yuǎn)感慨“④______,小橋流水人家,古道西風(fēng)瘦馬”(《天凈沙·秋思》)。

愛(ài)蓮說(shuō)周敦頤水陸草木之花,可愛(ài)者甚蕃。晉陶淵明獨(dú)愛(ài)菊。自李唐來(lái),世人甚愛(ài)牡丹。予獨(dú)愛(ài)蓮之出淤泥而不染,濯清漣而不妖,中通外直,不蔓不枝,香遠(yuǎn)益清,亭亭凈植,可遠(yuǎn)觀而不可褻玩焉。

題稚川山水【唐】戴叔倫松下茅亭五月涼,汀沙云樹(shù)晚蒼蒼。行人無(wú)限秋風(fēng)思,隔水青山似故鄉(xiāng)。注:戴叔倫,唐代詩(shī)人,此詩(shī)作于作者宦游途中。
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